BS 1365-1990 Specification for short-range short-stem thermometers《小量程短柄温度计规范》.pdf

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1、BRITISH STANDARD CONFIRMED AUGUST 1997 BS 1365:1990 Specification for Short-range short-stem thermometersBS1365:1990 This British Standard, having been prepared under the directionof the Laboratory Apparatus Standards Policy Committee, was published underthe authority of the BoardofBSI and comes int

2、oeffecton 31May 1990 BSI 07-1999 First published February 1951 First revision June 1975 Second revision May 1990 The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard: Committee reference LBC/4 Draft for comment 89/56008 ISBN 0 580 18147 2 Committees responsible for this British Standard

3、The preparation of this British Standard was entrusted by the Laboratory Apparatus Standards Policy Committee (LBC/-) to Technical Committee LBC/4, upon which the following bodies were represented: British Laboratory Ware Association British Medical Association Department of Health Department of Tra

4、de and Industry (National Physical Laboratory) Institute of Petroleum Medical Sterile Products Association Scientific Glassware Association Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date of issue CommentsBS1365:1990 BSI 07-1999 i Contents Page Committees responsible Inside front cover Foreword ii

5、 1 Scope 1 2 Type and designation 1 3 Temperature scale 1 4 Bulb 1 5 Stem 1 6 Annealing 1 7 Stabilization 1 8 Graduation and figuring 1 9 Immersion line 1 10 Expansion volume 4 11 Finish 4 12 Enlargements of the bore 4 13 Dimensions of scale ranges 4 14 Marking 4 Appendix A Emergent liquid column te

6、mperatures for partial immersion thermometers 5 Appendix B Testing of thermometers 5 Appendix C Thermometric glasses approved by the National Physical Laboratory 5 Appendix D Stabilization test 6 Figure 1 Examples of scale lines and figuring 2 Table 1 Graduation, figuring and general dimensions 2 Ta

7、ble 2 Scale ranges and tolerances 3 Table 3 Recommended limits of uncertainty of test 6 Table 4 Identification stripe(s) or approved abbreviations and normal maximum working temperature of all glasses that have been approved for the manufacture of thermometer bulbs 7 Publication referred to Inside b

8、ack coverBS1365:1990 ii BSI 07-1999 Foreword This British Standard has been prepared under the direction of the Laboratory Apparatus Standards Policy Committee, and supersedes BS 1365:1975 which is withdrawn. This British Standard was first published in 1951 to meet the requirements for thermometers

9、 of the Anschutz and similar types, i.e. with comparatively short stems and graduated to cover scale spans of approximately 60 C (series A) and10C (series B). The first revision in 1975 introduced a more open scale for both series A and B thermometers to facilitate reading without loss of accuracy a

10、nd a greater permissible error for series A thermometers. An appendix on emergent liquid column temperature correction (Appendix A) was added for use with thermometers under partial immersion conditions. This revision introduces changes to bring the standard up to date and in particular to modify th

11、e information on available glasses and arrangements for calibration and testing but retains the other requirements of the 1975 edition. Series A refers to a series of overlapping short-range thermometers which collectively cover a range of 10C to +360C. Series B refers to a series of overlapping sho

12、rt-stem thermometers which collectively cover a range of 10C to +220C. Series B thermometers are recommended for use in determining melting points and setting points. Information on the testing of short-range short-stem thermometers is given in Appendix B. Product certification. Users of this Britis

13、h Standard are advised to consider the desirability of third party certification of product conformity with this British Standard based on testing and continuing surveillance, which may be coupled with assessment of a suppliers quality systems against the appropriate Part ofBS5750. Enquiries as to t

14、he availability of third party certification schemes will be forwarded by BSI to the Association of Certification Bodies. If a third party certification scheme does not already exist, users should consider approaching an appropriate body from the list of Association members. A British Standard does

15、not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside

16、 front cover, pages i and ii, pages1 to 8, an inside back cover and a back cover. This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on the inside front cover.BS1365:1990 BSI 07-1999 1 1 Scope This British Stand

17、ard specifies requirements for two series, A and B, of mercury-in-glass thermometers. In each series, thermometers calibrated for total immersion, i.e. immersion to the reading (designated A1 or B1) and thermometers calibrated for partial immersion (designated A2 or B2) are included for each tempera

18、ture range. Series A1 comprises seven total immersion thermometers, each with a scale span of approximately60Celsius degrees, covering the range 10C to +360C. Series A2 covers the same range for an immersion of80mm. Series B1 comprises24total immersion thermometers, each with a scale span of approxi

19、mately10Celsius degrees, covering the range 10C to +220C. Series B2 covers the same range for an immersion of70mm. NOTEThe title of the publication referred to in this standard is listed on the inside back cover. 2 Type and designation Thermometers shall be of the mercury-in-glass solid-stem type an

20、d shall be filled with inert gas at an appropriate pressure. Each thermometer shall be designated by a designation consisting of the code letters SA or SB (for short-range series A or B respectively), followed by a nominal maximum working temperature and an indication of the immersion depth at which

21、 the thermometer is to be used, e.g. SA 55C/Total, SB IC/70. 3 Temperature scale Thermometers shall be graduated in accordance with the Celsius scale as defined in the current definition of the International Practical Temperature Scale adopted by the General Conference of Weights and Measures (CGPM)

22、. 4 Bulb The bulb shall be cylindrical and in alignment with the stem. Its external diameter shall not exceed that of the stem. It shall be of a thermometric glass approved by the National Physical Laboratory and suitable for the range of temperature covered (seeAppendix C). 5 Stem For thermometers

23、in which the upper level of the scale is above300C, the same thermometric glass shall be used for both the bulb and the stem. NOTEFor thermometers in which the upper level of the scale is 300C or less, it is recommended that the stem should be made of the same thermometric glass as the bulb but it i

24、s also permissible for the stem to be made of lead glass or other suitable glass with an enamel back. 6 Annealing Strain in the glass shall be reduced to a level sufficient to minimize the possibility of fracture due to mechanical or thermal shock. 7 Stabilization The thermometer shall be stabilized

25、 before graduation using a process such that, when tested in accordance with Appendix D, the maximum error and maximum change in error over any interval of the finished thermometer is within the limits specified in Table 2 and the rise at the selected reference point is not greater than the maximum

26、error allowed. 8 Graduation and figuring The scale lines shall be clearly etched or otherwise durably marked, and of uniform thickness. The lines shall lie in planes at right angles to the axis of the thermometer. When the thermometer is held in a vertical position, and viewed from the front, the le

27、ft-hand ends of all the scale lines shall lie on an imaginary vertical line. NOTEWhen the thermometer is held in a vertical position and viewed from the front, the figures may be either horizontal or vertical, provided all are clearly visible. The figures shall be placed so that they would be inters

28、ected by the line to which they refer if the lines were extended. When the thermometer is viewed such that the right-hand ends of the shortest lines denoting the smallest interval are aligned with the left-hand side of the bore (see Figure 1 ), then the medium and long lines shall extend across the

29、bore towards the right. The lengths of the scale lines shall be in accordance with Table 1. 9 Immersion line In partial immersion thermometers, a line shall be permanently marked on the stem at the point to which the thermometer is intended to be immersed. If the immersion point is below the lowest

30、scale line, the immersion line shall be a ring carried completely round the stem. If the immersion point is above the lowest scale line, the immersion line shall be confined to the back of the stem. The depth of immersion shall be within 1mm of the value specified in the appropriate table and shall

31、be measured from the bottom of the bulb.BS1365:1990 2 BSI 07-1999 Table 1 Graduation, figuring and general dimensions Figure 1 Examples of scale lines and figuring Series A thermometers Series B thermometers Scale lines Short lines at each0.5C; medium lines at each1C; long lines at each 5c Short lin

32、es at each0.1C; medium lines at each0.5C; long lines at each1C Figuring Fully figured at each50C; partially figured at each10C Fully figured at each5C; partially figured at each1C Maximum thickness of scale lines 0.1 mm 0.1 mm Maximum overall length 220 mm 240 mm Minimum length of main scale 100 mm

33、80 mm Maximum bulb length 12 mm 35 mm Stem diameter 5.5 mm to 8 mm 5.5 mm to 8 mm Bulb diameter Not to exceed stem diameter Not to exceed stem diameter Minimum distance from bottom of bulb to first division on scale 45 mm 70 mm Maximum distance from bottom of bulb to top of contraction chamber, wher

34、e provided 30 mm 55 mmBS1365:1990 BSI 07-1999 3 Table 2 Scale ranges and tolerances Series A A1, total immersion A2, 80 mm immersion Average temperature of emergent liquid column (seeAppendix A) Designation Scale range Maximum error Maximum error over any interval aat 10 C Maximum error Maximum erro

35、r over any interval aat 10C C C C C C C SA 55C/ 10to +55 0.5 0.5 1.0 1.0 20 SA 105C/ 45 to 105 0.5 0.5 1.0 1.0 30 SA 155C/ 95 to 155 0.5 0.5 1.0 1.0 40 SA 205C/ 145 to 205 0.5 1.0 1.0 1.5 40 SA 255C/ 195 to 255 1.0 1.0 2.0 2.0 50 SA 305C/ 245 to 305 1.0 1.0 2.0 2.0 60 SA 360C/ 295 to 360 1.0 1.0 2.0

36、 2.0 65 Series B B1, total immersion B2, 70 mm immersion Average temperature of emergent liquid column (seeAppendix A) Designation Scale range Maximum error Maximum error over any interval aat 10 C Maximum error Maximum error over any interval aat 10 C C C C C C C SB 1C/ 10 to +1111 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.2

37、10 SB 5C/ 5 to + 5 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.2 10 SB 15C/ 5 to15 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.2 15 SB 25C/ 15 to25 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.2 20 SB 35C/ 25 to35 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.2 20 SB 45C/ 35 to45 0.2 0.1 0.4 0.2 25 SB 55C/ 45 to55 0.2 0.1 0.4 0.2 25 SB 65C/ 55 to65 0.2 0.1 0.4 0.2 30 SB 75C/ 65 to75 0.2 0.1 0.4 0.2 30 SB 85C/ 75 to85 0.

38、2 0.1 0.4 0.2 30 SB 95C/ 85 to95 0.2 0.1 0.4 0.2 30 SB 105C/ 95 to105 0.2 0.2 0.4 0.4 30 SB 115C/ 105 to 115 0.2 0.2 0.4 0.4 30 SB 125C/ 115 to 125 0.2 0.2 0.4 0.4 30 SB 135C/ 125 to 135 0.2 0.2 0.4 0.4 35 SB 145C/ 135 to 145 0.2 0.2 0.4 0.4 40 SB 155C/ 145 to 155 0.3 0.3 0.6 0.6 40 SB 165C/ 155 to

39、165 0.3 0.3 0.6 0.6 40 SB 175C/ 165 to 175 0.3 0.3 0.6 0.6 45 SB 185C/ 175 to 185 0.3 0.3 0.6 0.6 45 SB 195C/ 185 to 195 0.3 0.3 0.6 0.6 45 SB 205C/ 195 to 205 0.3 0.5 1.0 1.0 50 SB 215C/ 205 to 215 0.6 0.6 1.2 1.2 50 SB 220C/ 210 to 220 0.6 0.6 1.2 1.2 50 a The algebraic difference between the erro

40、rs at opposite ends of any interval of2C.BS1365:1990 4 BSI 07-1999 NOTERecommended values for the average temperature of the emergent liquid column during calibration are given in Table 2 (see also Appendix A). 10 Expansion volume To minimize the effects of accidental overheating, asafety volume sha

41、ll be provided at the top of the stem. If this volume takes the form of an expansionchamber, it shall be pear-shaped with thehemisphere at the top and there shall be atleast10mm of unchanged capillary tube above the highest scale line. NOTE 1The expansion volume may alternatively consist of at least

42、30mm of unchanged capillary tube above the highest scale line. NOTE 2A thermometer should not be heated above its maximum working temperature. Overheating is liable to change the indication of the thermometer, and a redetermination of a reference point may be necessary. 11 Finish The top of the ther

43、mometer stem shall be finished plain, or with a ring or button, the external diameter of which shall not exceed that of the stem. 12 Enlargements of the bore The shapes of the bulb, the expansion chamber and, where provided, the contraction chamber shall be such that they do not entrap mercury or ga

44、s. The contraction chamber shall be elongated and regular in form, so that the mercury column does not recede into the main bulb at 0C. No scale line shall be within10mm of any enlargement of the bore. 13 Dimensions and scale ranges The general dimensions for series A and B thermometers shall be in

45、accordance with Table 1. The scale ranges and the tolerances for maximum error and for minimum error in an interval shall be in accordance with Table 2. 14 Marking Each thermometer shall be permanently and legibly marked with the following. a) The symbol: C or an abbreviation of the name Celsius, e.

46、g.C. b) The inscription Total immersion,80mm immersion or70mm immersion (or suitable abbreviation) to indicate the depth of immersion for which the thermometer is graduated. c) The identification of the bulb glass, e.g. by a coloured stripe or stripes on the bulb or an approved abbreviation on the s

47、tem (see Appendix C). d) An inscription to indicate the gas filling employed, e.g. Nitrogen filled (or suitable abbreviation). e) An identification number. f) The makers and/or vendors name or readily identifiable trademark. g) The designation allocated to the thermometer (see clause 2). h) The numb

48、er of this British Standard, i.e.BS1365 1) . 1) MarkingBS1365 on or in relation to a product represents a manufacturers declaration of conformity, i.e. a claim by or on behalf of the manufacturer that the product meets the requirements of the standard. The accuracy of the claim is therefore solely t

49、he responsibility of the person making the claim. Such a declaration is not to be confused with third party certification of conformity, which may also be desirable.BS1365:1990 BSI 07-1999 5 Appendix A Emergent liquid column temperatures for partial immersion thermometers When the average temperature of the emergent liquid column in use differs from that prevailing during calibration, appropriate corrections are required, and it is therefore important that the conditions of calibration should be known. The v