ATIS NRSC-102-1997 Fixing Facility Outages Building the Tools to Make It Happen.pdf
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1、Alliance for Telecommunications IndustrySolutionsNetwork Reliability Steering CommitteeFixing Facility Outages: Building theTools to Make It HappenFacilities Solution Team ReportResults and RecommendationsNovember 1997Team Leaders: John HealyLouis ScerboBellcore11. Executive SummaryFacility failures
2、 continue to be the leading contributor to outages in the Public Switched Network.Approximately 50% of the FCC-reportable1 service outages and their impact have been caused byfacility outages. The ATIS/NRSC2 Facilities Solution Team was chartered to determine the causesof those facility outages and
3、to recommend ways to reduce their number and impact.The Facilities Solution Team is made up of representatives of telecommunications service providers(InterExchange Carriers and Local Exchange Carriers), several large utilities, the insurance industry,contractors associations, and the Department of
4、Transportation (DOT). One of the major changesimplemented since February of 1996 has been the expansion of the membership to organizationsoutside the telecommunications industry. The major reason for the expansion was thataccomplishing the goals of Facilities Solution Team could not occur without th
5、e cooperation of allthe organizations involved with installing, maintaining, and using facilities. The team was brokeninto four subteams: the Data Analysis Subteam, the Damage Prevention Subteam, the LegislativeSubteam, and the New Technology Subteam.The Facilities Solution Team published a comprehe
6、nsive report of their findings andrecommendations in February 1996. The report entitled Keeping the Network Alive and Well:Solving the Problem of Cable Dig-Ups provided 24 recommendations on ways to reduce thenumber and impact of facility outages. This is the second report aimed at reducing the numb
7、er andthe impact of facility outages.Overall, the number of facility outages is down from the previous year. Of equal interest, the impactof facility outages is down:Report Year 37/1/95 - 6/30/96Report Year 47/1/96 - 6/30/97Number of Facility Outages 100 85Facility Outage Impact(Outage Index3)882 63
8、5Although these changes are not statistically significant, they indicate that progress has been made.The Data Analysis Subteam has developed a new categorization for facility outages. The goal wasto clarify the categories and to reduce the number of outages classified as “Other”. The newcategories a
9、re sub-terrestrial cable dig-ups, sub-terrestrial cable washout, sub-terrestrial cabledamage other, aerial cable cuts, submarine cable cuts, cable placing/removing, splices/connectors,cable electronics, radio facility equipment, and other. With the new categorization, the DataAnalysis Subteam determ
10、ined that cable electronics outages are higher in the last two years than in1 Per Federal Communications Commission CC Docket 91-273.2 Alliance for Telecommunications Industry Solutions/Network Reliability Steering Committee.3 Per Committee T1 Technical Report No. 42, Enhanced Analysis of FCC-Report
11、able Service Outage Data, August1995.2the previous three years and recommended that the Cable Electronics Subteam be resurrected tolook at these outages.The goal of the Cable Damage Prevention Subteam was to develop comprehensive proactiveguidelines which are non-legislative in nature and are aimed
12、at preventing facility outages.The Cable Damage Prevention Subteam completed the following four documents:1. Minimum Damage Prevention Guidelines - Excavation Procedures for UndergroundFacilities2. Minimum Performance Guidelines for One-Call Notification Systems3. Facility Owners Minimum Guidelines
13、for Location and Protection of Below GroundFiber Optic Cable4. Guidelines for Prospective Excavation Site Delineation and Facility Owner Markout.These guidelines define minimum standards for each of the parties with a role in damageprevention.Over 50% of the facility outages are categorized as Fiber
14、 Cut Dig-Ups. Nearly 50% of the Fiber CutDig-Ups occurred because the excavator either failed to notify the facility owner or providedinadequate notification. One-Call legislation is aimed at reducing these outages. The FacilitiesSolution Team recommended federal One-Call legislation in its earlier
15、report. In July, 1996,Casimir Skrzypczak, then President of NYNEX Science and Technology Inc., in his testimony insupport of One-Call legislation before a House Subcommittee, outlined four recommendedprinciples of One-Call legislation that the Facilities Solution Team continue to use today. Thesepri
16、nciples cover 1) notice and responsibility, 2) simplicity and flexibility, 3) broad applicability and4) industry funding.The Facilities Solution Team continues to champion One-Call legislation at the federal level and atthe state level. The Facilities Solution Team endorses the passage of strong and
17、 effective federalOne-Call legislation to set minimum standards for the states to achieve in administering One-Callsystems. There are two One-Call bills before Congress which work to achieve the goal of protectingunderground telecommunications facilities and meet the recommended principles of legisl
18、ation asstated by Mr. Skrzypczak. The Facilities Solution Team supports both bills and is working to ensurethat a One-Call bill is passed which applies to all excavators and facility providers4.The only way to ensure that recommendations are acted on is by constant vigilance and continued,dedicated
19、effort. Past work appears to be paying off. The Facilities Solution Team, as part of theATIS/NRSC, stands ready to help ensure that its recommendations are acted upon, to periodicallyanalyze the effectiveness of its recommendations, and to respond to any new reliability concerns thatarise on telecom
20、munications facilities.4 Update: The One-Call bill S. 1115 (see Appendix G) was passed unanimously by the U.S. Senate on November 9,1997.32. BackgroundIn 1991, the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) chartered the Network ReliabilityCouncil (NRC) to investigate causes of major outages in the tel
21、ecommunications network. Itsmission was to recommend practices aimed at reducing the number and impact of these outages.The NRC first considered seven areas critical to network reliability and created a correspondingfocus group in each area. They concentrated initially on fire, power, switching, sig
22、naling, DigitalCross-connect Systems (DCSs), essential services and fiber cables. In their report, the FiberCable Focus Group stated, “During 1992, fiber cable failures were the single largest cause ofnetwork outages affecting more than 50,000 customers for more than 30 minutes and accountedfor roug
23、hly as many outages as tandem and local switch equipment combined. As networks placeever increasing amounts of traffic over single fiber cables, the need to protect these vital facilitiesbecomes ever more clear and crucial to the industrys goal of raising system reliability.”The Fiber Cable Focus Gr
24、oup developed a set of recommendations aimed at reducing cable dig-ups. In June 1993, the NRC first published Network Reliability: A Report to the Nation thatcontained a description of all the recommendations from the focus groups including those fromthe Fiber Cable Focus Group. In addition, as foll
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