ASTM F2011-2002e1 Standard Specification for Safety and Performance of Fun-Karts《游乐车安全和性能的标准规范》.pdf

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1、Designation: F 2011 02e1Standard Specification forSafety and Performance of Fun-Karts1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F 2011; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number i

2、n parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.e1NOTETitles were editorially added in Section 2 and figure reference was editorially corrected in Section 11.1.2 inDecember 2003.1. Scope1.1 This specifi

3、cation relates to the safety performancespecifications for commercially manufactured fun-karts in-tended for private use, on suitable off-road terrain, by consum-ers.1.2 This specification is intended to reduce hazards, otherthan those inherent in the sport of fun-karting, to the users offun-karts d

4、uring normal intended use by specifying perfor-mance standards of manufacturing.1.3 This specification applies to fun-karts for private useand does not apply to concession, race, home-made, consumer-modified fun-karts, fun-karts that are pedal-powered, unpow-ered fun-karts, or fun-karts, which are u

5、sed for commercialpurposes.1.4 This specification recognizes that there are operationalhazards relating to fun-karts, which operators and passengersare deemed to have accepted by their use and operation of thefun-kart including, but not limited to, falling out, running into,through, under or over ob

6、jects, upsetting the fun-kart, generaloperator recklessness, pinches, scratches, or bruises, or acombination thereof.1.5 This specification does not cover labeling, maintenance,or use. For use and maintenance, see Safety Guide F 1928.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2F 1928 Safety Guide for

7、 Consumer Recreational Use ofFun-Karts2.2 CPSA Document:3CFR 1303 Ban of Lead-Containing Paint2.3 FMVSS Standards:3FMVSS 571.209 Seat Belt Assemblies2.4 SAE Standard:4SAE J 386 Operator Restraint Systems for Off-Road WorkMachines2.5 ANSI Standard:5ANSI/OPEI B71.1 Safety Specification for Power LawnT

8、ractors3. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 axle guard, na device that covers the drive axle onfun-karts so that the possibility of injury resulting from hand,hair, loose clothing, or body parts contacting the axle isreduced.3.1.2 brush bars, nany device supplied by

9、 the manufac-turer intended to deflect loose vegetation from the path of thefun-kart operator, and passenger in two-seat fun-karts.3.1.3 control pedal pivot, nthe center point about whichthe control pedal rotates. Excluded from this definition are anycontrol device(s) attached to the pedal itself.3.

10、1.4 deck plates, na form of guarding through the use ofrelatively flat barriers to cover rotating components.3.1.5 engine stop switch, na toggle switch, or othertwo-position positively engaging switch, which when activatedcauses the engine to stop or not operate, or both.3.1.6 engine throttle system

11、, nthe throttle mechanismattached to the engine, as provided by the engine manufacturer.3.1.7 fun-kart, na motorized vehicle with four wheels,excluding vehicles which the operator, and passenger, if any, sitastride, sold commercially as consumer goods and intended forprivate personal recreational us

12、e by consumers for off-road useon suitable terrain, as recommended by the manufacturer, atmaximum speeds over 12 mph (19.3 km/h) but not exceeding40 mph (64.4 km/h).3.1.8 fun-kart accelerator system, nthe mechanical sys-tem, that is, accelerator pedal, actuation rod or linkage, whichis separate from

13、 the engine throttle system, and which is usedto control the throttle position of the fun-kart engine.1This standard is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F15 on ConsumerProducts and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F15.41 on Fun-Karts.Current edition approved Nov. 10, 2002. Publis

14、hed January 2003. Originallyapproved in 2000. Last previous edition approved in 2000 as F 2011 00.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Docu

15、ment Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Code of Federal Regulations, available from U.S. Government Printing Office,Washington, DC 20402.4Available from SAE International, 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA15096-0001.5Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,4th

16、Floor, New York, NY 10036.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.3.1.9 locking fastener, nincludes prevailing torque lock-nuts, cotter pins, serrated surface lock nuts, pal nuts, safetywire and similar hardware intended to p

17、revent unintendedloosening when properly used.3.1.10 normally-seated position, nsee Safety GuideF 1928 for specifics.3.1.11 over center, na condition where the steering link-ages bind when the pitman arm is allowed to travel beyond itsnormal range of motion.3.1.12 pan, nthe barrier surface extending

18、 forward fromin front of the seat to where the operator/passengers rest theirfeet.3.1.13 pitman arm, nthe link between the steering columnand the tie rod(s).3.1.14 throttle stop, na device used to limit the travel ofthe accelerator system.3.1.15 two-seat fun-kart, na fun-kart with designed seat-ing

19、to accommodate one operator and one passenger.4. Fun-Kart Frame4.1 Each fun-kart shall be equipped with a floor pan with thefollowing characteristics:4.1.1 The back-edge of the pan shall extend to a point thata 1 in. (25 mm) dowel rod between the back of the pan and thefront of the seat bottom or it

20、s attachment point, with the seat ina full backward position, shall be a maximum of 90 off ofvertical (see Fig. 1).4.1.2 The front-edge of the pan shall extend, at a minimum,to a point in front of the operators heel position, with theoperator normally seated and able to operate the foot pedalcontrol

21、s.4.1.3 The pan shall be solid and uninterrupted (comprised ofone or more pieces).4.1.4 The width of the pan (see Fig. 2) shall include anyframe rails to which it is mounted, provided there is no verticalgap between the edge of the pan and the frame rails.4.1.5 The seat shall be centered laterally o

22、ver the pan.4.1.6 The pan on single-seat fun-karts must be at least 14 in.(356 mm) wide at its rear-edge.4.1.7 The pan on two-seat fun-karts must be at least 20 in.(508 mm) wide at its rear-edge.4.2 Seating:4.2.1 Fun-karts shall be equipped with a rigid device, alongthe outer edges of the fun-kart,

23、either integral with the seatitself or located in the frame of the fun-kart, to help maintainthe operators/passengers position in the seat about a lateralaxis of the fun-kart. This device shall extend, at a minimum,the full depth of the base of the seat. On fun-karts equippedwith adjustable seats, t

24、he device shall extend throughout allseat positions or be mounted to the seat itself.4.2.2 The seat shall not extend more than 3-12 in. (90 mm)per side over the pan.FIG. 1 Diagram of Fun-Kart FrameF201102e124.2.3 On two-seat fun-karts, the steering wheel center shallbe located within 3 in. (76 mm) o

25、f the center line of the seatingposition of the fun-karts operator, when seated in a normaloperating position.4.3 Steering Support Columns:4.3.1 On fun-karts equipped with steering column supportof less than 4 in. (102 mm) of width, measured at a point 2 in.(51 mm) below lower edge of the steering w

26、heel, the steeringwheel support shall be padded.4.3.2 No support column shall have a stop switch or otherdevice projecting from the surface facing the operator, unless itis at or above a horizontal parallel plane measured at a point 2in. (51 mm) below the lower edge of the steering wheel.4.4 Sharp e

27、dge test (Reserved).4.5 Fun-kart steering mechanisms shall be designed, suchthat the mechanism cannot go into an “over center” condition.4.6 The rear of fun-karts shall be designed to prevent anycontact with the fuel tank, carburetor, or battery should the kartbe backed straight into a vertical wall

28、 at a speed of 2 mph (3.2km/h).4.7 A front bumper assembly, or the fun-kart frame itself,shall extend in front of the steering tie rods.5. Fun-Kart Controls5.1 Fun-karts, or their control pedals, or both, when prop-erly used, shall be designed to help retain the operators feetinside the kart.5.2 Eac

29、h control pedal pivot shall be of such a design thatover-tightening the fastening mechanism will not result inbinding of the pivot.5.3 In two-seat fun-karts, the kart shall be equipped withdevices that are designed, when properly used, to help keep thepassengers feet:5.3.1 Clear of the fun-karts ste

30、ering mechanism and controlpedals, and5.3.2 Inside the fun-kart.5.4 Control Pedal Positions:5.4.1 On fun-karts equipped with pedal controls, the con-trols shall be located as follows:5.4.1.1 The accelerator pedal shall be to the right of theoperators seated position and operated by the right foot.5.

31、4.1.2 The brake pedal shall be to the left of the operatorsseated position and operated by the left foot.5.4.1.3 Any other configuration of accelerator and brakelocation shall be labeled clearly and plainly.5.4.2 With the seat in its full-forward position, there shall beno less than 28 in. (711 mm)

32、between the forward position ofthe seat back to the pedals at their fully engaged position.5.4.3 In two-seat fun-karts, any control pedal located in themiddle of the kart shall be located within 3 in. (76 mm) of thecenter line of the kart.5.5 There shall be a remote engine stop switch, with theopera

33、ting characteristics specified in 3.1.5, located on thesteering wheel or steering column, as directed in 4.3.2, andeasily accessible by the operator.5.6 Fun-Kart Accelerator System:5.6.1 There shall be a return spring attached to the accel-erators actuating mechanism, that is, accelerator pedal, act

34、ua-tion rod or linkage.5.6.2 There shall be a stop to limit the travel of theaccelerator actuation mechanism. This stop must be external ofthe engine and its throttle mechanism.5.7 The attachment point of the steering tie rod to thepitman arm shall be no lower than at the center line of the frontaxl

35、e assembly, unless appropriately guarded to help preventdamage to the steering mechanism from contact with theground.6. Tire Capacity6.1 In specifying tires for use on fun-karts, manufacturersshall specify a tire that has a load bearing capacity, at aminimum, of the maximum gross vehicle weight of t

36、hefun-kart divided by four.7. Paint7.1 Paint on fun-karts shall comply with the lead contentprovisions of 16 CFR 1303.8. Electrical8.1 On fun-karts equipped with batteries, or electrical sys-tems, or both:8.1.1 The battery compartment shall be marked perma-nently to show the correct battery orientat

37、ion, polarity, voltage,and size.8.1.2 All vented batteries shall have a vent tube, which ispointed downwards and which extends below the bottom of thebattery. The battery end of the vent tube shall be attachedsecurely to the battery. The drain end of the vent tube shall besecured within 1 in. (25 mm

38、) of the end of the tube.8.1.3 All positively-charged electrical connections shallhave insulated coverings.9. Fun-Kart Engines9.1 There shall be a throttle return spring as part of theengine throttle system.9.2 Fun-kart engine exhaust systems shall be equipped witha heat guard.FIG. 2 Floor Pan Width

39、 MeasurementF201102e139.3 There shall be an engine mounted stop switch with theoperating characteristics specified in 3.1.5.9.4 Fun-kart engine rewind starter assemblies shall beguarded.9.5 Engine standards are currently under development. Thisarea is reserved for standards, test methods, or prints,

40、 or acombination thereof, to be incorporated at a later date. Themethods, or prints, or both will be a part of this specification.10. Shields and Guards10.1 All power-driven shafts, brakes, chains, belts, gears,sprockets, and pulleys (excluding tires, wheels, outer ends ofthe axles and cooling openi

41、ngs on the engine) on fun-kartsmanufactured after July 1, 2003 shall be guarded as follows:10.1.1 Guards for the rotating components outlined in 10.1shall be permitted to have multiple holes each no larger than0.05 in.2(32 mm2) area.10.1.2 Guard all live axles and jack shafts, including theends of a

42、ny jack shaft.10.1.2.1 If floating axle guards are used, they will operateindependently of the axle and the axle-mounted components.Any end clearance as manufactured shall not exceed18 in. (3.2mm) of total end play.10.1.3 All guards and shields for pulleys and sprockets shallbe secured permanently o

43、r attached in order to prevent theirremoval from the kart without tools. The fasteners for thoseguards and shields shall be reusable.10.1.4 Nip and pinch point hazards related to power drivengears, friction drives and brake components, belts, chains, andidlers as well as hazards related to the faces

44、 of pulleys, discs,drums, sprockets, and gears shall be guarded by location orotherwise guarded to prevent inadvertent contact by the opera-tor, and passenger on two seat karts, during normal seating,starting of the engine, and operation of the kart.A component will be considered sufficiently guarde

45、d if itcannot be contacted with probe as shown in Fig. 3 when testedin accordance with 10.1.4.1.These guarding requirements do not pertain to contactduring maintenance activities.These guarding requirements are in addition to the hairentanglement test set out in 10.1.5.10.1.4.1 (WarningThe following

46、 procedures should notbe conducted with the engine running.) Insert the probe (seeFig. 3) into all openings to its maximum depth (4 in. (102 mm)or until a force of 1 lb (4.5 n) is attained. As the probe isinserted, rotate and position it in all possible angles within theopening, attempting to contac

47、t the part or parts under test. Thefinger probe shall not be inserted beyond the length of theprobe (4 in. (102 mm). Probe cannot contact any rotatingcomponent.10.1.4.2 The hazards shall be considered “guarded by loca-tion” if one of the following applies:(1) The hazard is covered by other parts or

48、components ofthe kart, or because of its location, cannot be contacted with thefinger probe shown in Fig. 3 (see ANSI/OPEI B71.1, 1998)while maneuvering the probe in any manner; or(2) The hazard is under and within the perimeter of thechassis components, such that the hazard cannot be reachedwith th

49、e finger probe shown in Fig. 3 (see ANSI/OPEI B71.1,1998) while maneuvering the probe as follows:(a) From above the chassis, downward through openingsin or between the components; and(b) Underneath the chassis components, allowing onlyhorizontal or downward probe movement, or both.(3) The hazard does not rotate when the kart is stationary andthe operator, and passenger in a two seat kart, cannot reach thehazard while in a Normally Seated Position (see Note 1 andNote 2).NOTE 1The entanglement test set out in 10.1.5 must also be compliedwith.NOTE 2Norm