ASTM F1821-2006 Standard Consumer Safety Specification for Toddler Beds《婴儿床的消费者安全标准规范》.pdf

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1、Designation: F 1821 06Standard Consumer Safety Specification forToddler Beds1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F 1821; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parenth

2、eses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.INTRODUCTIONThis consumer safety specification addresses toddler bed incidents that were identified by theConsumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC).In response to

3、incident data supplied by the commission, this consumer safety specification attemptsto minimize: entrapment in bed end structures, entrapment between the guardrail and side rail, andentrapment in the mattress support system. Entrapment of a childs head or neck can result inasphyxiation. It also add

4、resses corner post extensions, which may catch pacifier cords, ribbons,necklaces, or clothing that a child may be wearing and which may be caught on a projection.This consumer safety specification is written in accordance with the current available state-of-the-art technology and will be updated whe

5、never substantive information becomes available thatnecessitates additional requirements or justifies a revision to existing requirements.1. Scope1.1 This consumer safety specification covers requirementsfor the design and performance of toddler beds. It also containsrequirements for labeling and in

6、structional material.1.2 This consumer safety specification is intended to mini-mize incidents to children resulting from normal use andreasonably foreseeable misuse of toddler beds. It does notaddress incidents resulting from alteration or unreasonablemisuse.1.3 For the purposes of this consumer sa

7、fety specification, atoddler bed is a bed that is sized to accept a full-size cribmattress and is intended for use by a child not less than 15months of age and who weighs no more than 50 lb (27.7 kg).1.4 No toddler bed produced after the approval date of thisconsumer safety specification shall indic

8、ate compliance withthis specification, either by label or by other means, unless itconforms to all the requirements contained herein.1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas the standard. The SI values given in parentheses are forinformation only.1.6 The following safety hazard

9、s caveat pertains only to thetest methods portion, Section 7, of this consumer safetyspecification: This standard does not purport to address all ofthe safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health p

10、ractices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D 3359 Test Methods for Measuring Adhesion by Tape TestD 3574 Test Methods for Flexible Cellular MaterialsSlab,Bonded, and Molded Urethane Foams2.2 Code of Federal Regulations:

11、316 CFR 1303 Ban of Lead-Containing Paint and CertainConsumer Products Bearing Lead-Containing Paint16 CFR 1500 Hazardous Substances Act Regulations, in-cluding the following sections:16 CFR 1500.48 Technical Requirements for Determining aSharp Point in Toys and Other Articles Intended forChildren U

12、nder 8 Years of Age16 CFR 1500.49 Technical Requirements for Determining aSharp Metal or Glass Edge in Toys and Other ArticlesIntended for Children Under 8 Years of Age16 CFR 1500 .50 -.53 Test Method for Simulating Use AndAbuse of Toys and Other Articles Intended for Use ByChildren16 CFR 1501 Metho

13、d for Identifying Toys and OtherArticles Intended for Use by Children Under 3 Years ofAge Which Present Choking, Aspiration or Ingestion1This consumer safety specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Commit-tee F15 on Consumer Products and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeF15.18 on

14、Cribs, Toddler Beds, Play Yards, Bassinets, Cradles and Changing Tables.Current edition approved March 1, 2006. Published April 2006. Originallyapproved in 1997. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as F 1821 03a.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM

15、Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from U.S. Government Printing Office Superintendent of Documents,732 N. Capitol St., NW, Mail Stop: SDE, Washington, DC 20401.1Copyrigh

16、t ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.Hazards Because of Small Parts3. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 bed, nfor the purpose of this specification, a toddlerbed, as described in 3.1.2.3.1.2 bed, t

17、oddler, nfor the purpose of this specification,any bed sized to accommodate a full-size crib mattress havingminimum dimensions of 5158 in. (1310 mm) in length and 2714 in. (690 mm) in width and is intended to provide free accessand egress to a child not less than 15 months of age and whoweighs no mo

18、re than 50 pounds (27.7 kg).3.1.3 end structure, nan upright structure at the head orfoot of a bed to which the side rails or mattress support system,or both, attach.3.1.4 guardrail, nof a bed, a rail attached to a bedintended to help prevent a sleeping occupant from rolling,sliding, or otherwise fa

19、lling out of the long side of the bed.3.1.5 manufacturers recommended use position, nanyposition that is presented as a normal, allowable, or acceptableconfiguration for the use of the product by the manufacturer inany descriptive or instructional literature. This specificallyexcludes positions that

20、 the manufacturer shows in a likemanner in its literature to be unacceptable, unsafe, or notrecommended.3.1.6 mattress support system, nthose components of abed structure that support the mattress.3.1.7 non-paper label, nany label material (such as plasticor metal) which either will not tear without

21、 the aid of tools, ortears, leaving a sharply defined edge.3.1.8 paper labels, nany label which tears without the aidof tools and leaves a fibrous edge.3.1.9 partially bounded openings, nany opening in atoddler bed that is not totally enclosed by boundaries on allsides so that the perimeter of the o

22、pening is discontinuous.3.1.10 permanent marking, na marking or label that,during an attempt to remove it manually without the aid oftools or solvents, cannot be removed or tears upon removal, orsuch action damages the surface to which it is attached.3.1.11 seam, va means of joining fabric component

23、s, suchas sewing, welding, heat sealing, or gluing.3.1.12 side rail, nthe structure connecting the end struc-tures.3.1.13 static load, adja vertically downward force appliedby a calibrated force gage or by dead weights.3.1.14 structural failure, ndamage to a component(s) orassembly resulting in part

24、ial separation (greater than 0.040 in.(1.00 mm) over original configuration) or complete separationof the component(s) or assembly.4. Calibration and Standardization4.1 All testing shall be conducted on a concrete floor thatmay be covered with a18-in. (3-mm) thick vinyl flooring cover,unless test in

25、structs differently.4.2 The product shall be completely assembled, unlessotherwise noted, in accordance with the manufacturers in-structions.4.3 No testing shall be conducted within 48 h of manufac-turing.4.4 The product to be tested shall be in a room with ambienttemperature of 73 6 9F (23 6 5C) fo

26、r at least 1 h prior totesting. Testing shall then be conducted within this temperaturerange.4.5 All testing required by this consumer safety specifica-tion is to be conducted on the same unit.5. General Requirements5.1 The bed shall conform to the regulations specified inSection 2 of this specifica

27、tion before and after testing.5.2 There shall be no hazardous sharp points or edges asdefined by 16 CFR 1500.48 and 16 CFR 1500.49 before andafter testing to this consumer safety specification.5.3 There shall be no small parts as defined by 16 CFR 1501before testing or liberated as a result of testi

28、ng to thisspecification.5.4 The paint and surface-coating on the product shallcomply to 16 CFR 1303.5.5 Prior to testing, any exposed wood parts shall be smoothand free from splinters.5.6 Scissoring, Shearing, and PinchingA toddler bed,when in the manufacturers recommended use position, shallbe desi

29、gned and constructed to prevent injury to the occupantfrom any scissoring, shearing, or pinching when members orcomponents rotate about a common axis or fastening point,slide, pivot, fold or otherwise move relative to one another.Scissoring, shearing, or pinching that may cause injury shallnot be pe

30、rmissible when the edges of any rigid parts admit aprobe that is greater than 0.210in. (5.33mm) diameter andless than 0.375in. (9.53mm) diameter at any accessible pointthroughout the range of motion of such parts.5.7 Protective ComponentsIf a child can grasp compo-nents between the thumb and forefin

31、ger, or teeth, such as caps,sleeves, or plugs used for protection from sharp edges, points,or entrapment of fingers or toes, or if there is at least a0.040in. (1.00mm) gap between the component and itsadjacent parent component, such a component shall not beremoved when tested in accordance with 7.7.

32、FIG. 1 Rigid Test FixtureF18210625.8 OpeningsHoles or slots that extend entirely through awall section of any rigid material less than 0.375in.(9.53mm) thick and admit a 0.210in. (5.33mm) diameterrod shall also admit a 0.375in. (9.53mm) diameter rod. Holesor slots that are between 0.210 and 0.375 in

33、. (5.33 and 9.53mm) and have a wall thickness less than 0.375 in. (9.53 mm)but are limited in depth to 0.375 in. (9.53 mm) maximum byanother rigid surface shall be permissible (see Fig. 3). Theproduct shall be evaluated in all manufacturers recommendeduse positions.5.9 LabelingWarning labels (whethe

34、r paper or non paper)shall be permanent when tested per 7.8. Warning statementsapplied directly onto a surface of the product by hot stamping,heat transfer, printing, wood burning, etc. shall be permanentwhen tested per 7.8.4. Non-paper labels shall not liberate smallparts when tested in accordance

35、with 7.8.5.5.10 Corner Post ExtensionsNo corner post assemblyshall extend more than 0.06 in. (1.5 mm) above the upper edgeof an end or side panel, whichever is higher, when measuredfrom the lowest point on the upper edge of the end panel within3 in. (76 mm) from the outermost contour of the elbow (s

36、eeFig. 4).6. Performance Requirement6.1 Mattress Retention:6.1.1 The mattress support system, end structures, and sidecontainment shall control the horizontal position of the mat-tress and prevent it from being moved horizontally creating ahorizontal opening that allows complete passage of the wedge

37、block when tested in accordance with 7.1.6.1.2 The top of the mattress shall not deflect more than 1in. (25 mm) below the bottom of the mattress support whentested in accordance with 7.1.6.6.2 Mattress Support SystemThe mattress support systemshall not disengage or create a hazardous condition as de

38、-scribed in Section 5 of this consumer safety specification whentested in accordance with 7.2.6.3 Mattress Support System Attachment to End Structures:6.3.1 The mattress support system attachment to the endstructures shall not disengage or create a hazardous conditionas described in Section 5 of thi

39、s consumer safety specificationwhen tested in accordance with 7.3.6.3.2 In products that contain both side rails and a separatemattress support system, the tests described in both 7.3.2 and7.3.3 shall apply to both.6.4 GuardrailsFor products with guardrails, there shall beno opening in the guardrail

40、 structure below the lowest surfaceof the uppermost member of the guardrail and above themattress support structure that would permit passage of thewedge block shown in Fig. 2 when tested in accordance with7.4.2.6.5 End StructuresThere shall be no opening above themattress support system in the end

41、structures that will permitpassage of the wedge block shown in Fig. 2 when tested inaccordance with 7.5.1 unless it also permits passage of the headprobe (see Fig. 5) when tested in accordance with 7.5.2.6.6 Partially Bounded OpeningsAll partially boundedopenings in the uppermost edge of any rigid s

42、tructure of thebed above the level of the mattress support system shallcomply with the requirements of 7.6.7. Test Methods7.1 Mattress Retention:7.1.1 Test MattressA4 618 in. (100 6 3 mm) thick by 5158 618 in. (1310 6 3 mm) long by 2714 618 in. (690 6 3mm) wide, open cell, polyurethane foam pad havi

43、ng a densityof 1 lb/ft3(16 kg/m3), having a compression load deflection of30 lbf (133 N) when tested in accordance with Test MethodsD 3574, Method B1, to a 25 % deflection, covered witha5to15 gage vinyl material, 0.005 to 0.015in. (0.13 to0.38mm) thick shall be used to represent a mattress during th

44、eperformance of the following tests:7.1.1.1 RationaleThis is the mattress of the least thick-ness, length, width, and rigidity found on the open market forfullsize cribs.7.1.2 Secure the bed so that it cannot move during theperformance of the following tests.7.1.3 Using a 3-in. (76-mm) diameter flat

45、, rigid disk, gradu-ally apply a 5 lbf (22 N) horizontally within a period of5stothe edge of the mattress at the vertical midpoint and maintainfor 30 s in a location that produces the largest gap in thehorizontal plane between the end support structures, side rails,or guardrails and the edge of the

46、mattress.7.1.3.1 RationaleThe purpose of this test is to causemaximum displacement of the mattress to the side. This is toopen the widest possible gap between the mattress and itssupport structure to test for potentially hazardous gaps. The testis to be conducted in as many places as is required to

47、discoverthe place or places that will open the largest possible gap.7.1.4 After the test described in 7.1.3 has been performed,any gap in the horizontal plane that permits the passage of avertically oriented 0.19 in. (5 mm) diameter probe with alength of 6 in. (150 mm), minimum, and that has a fully

48、rounded end to pass through without touching either themattress or the support structure shall be tested in accordancewith 7.1.5.FIG. 2 Wedge BlockF18210637.1.4.1 RationaleThe dimension of 0.19 in. (5 mm) isused as a rounded, two place decimal equivalent to316 in. (5mm).7.1.5 Insert the tapered end

49、of the wedge block, shown inFig. 2, into any gap identified in 7.1.4 in the most adverseorientation, and gradually apply a 39-lb (17.7 kg) dead weightto the wedge block within a period of 5 s; maintain the load fora period of 30 s.7.1.6 Place a 3 in. (76 mm) by 7.2 in. (183 mm) sheet of34in. (19 mm) thick plywood in the most adverse position on thetop of the mattress. Do not allow any portion of the plywood toextend over the edge of the mattress. While keeping theplywood horizontal, gradually apply a 50 lbf (220 N) forceno