ASTM D7186-2005 Standard Practice for Quality Assurance Observation of Roof Construction and Repair《屋顶建造和修理的质量保证检查的标准实施规程》.pdf

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1、Designation: D 7186 05Standard Practice forQuality Assurance Observation of Roof Construction andRepair1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 7186; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last re

2、vision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This practice covers procedures for performing visualmonitoring of roofing construction to:1.1.1 Establish guidelines for qu

3、ality assurance observationpractices; and1.1.2 Define the role and responsibilities of the qualityassurance observer.1.2 This practice pertains to daily, full-time, quality assur-ance observation of roofing projects. This practice is applicableto new construction or reroofing projects involving the

4、instal-lation of a new roof system, the removal of existing roofing andinstallation of a new roof system, or recovering an existingroof. It is also applicable to roofing projects involving repairsor scheduled maintenance to an existing roof.1.3 This practice contains the following information:1.3.1

5、The objectives of the quality assurance process;1.3.2 The responsibilities and qualifications of the individu-al(s) involved in the observations of the roof construction orrepair;1.3.3 Identification and use of the basic tools or equipmentrequired for the visual roof observation process; and1.3.4 Mo

6、nitoring, recording, and reporting procedures.1.4 This practice does not address practices of roof inves-tigation, condition reporting, or analysis of preexisting roofs.1.5 This pracitce does not pertain to quality control pro-cesses or techniques performed by persons or entities repre-senting or un

7、der contract to the roofing contractor. The qualitycontrol process is separate and distinct from the qualityassurance observation process.1.6 Assessment of safe work practices or safety monitoringprocedures followed by the contractor are outside the scope ofthis practice.1.7 This standard does not p

8、urport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2

9、D 1079 Terminology Relating to Roofing, Waterproofing,and Bituminous MaterialsE 631 Terminology of Building Constructions2.2 Other Documents:The Contract DocumentsSpecification Literature or Roof System Installation Re-quirements, supplied by the applicable manufacturer,supplier, or distributor of t

10、he roof system materialARMA/NRCA/SPRI Repair Manual for Low-Slope Mem-brane Roof Systems3,4,5ARMA/NRCA Quality Control Guidelines for the Applica-tion of Built-Up Roofing3,4ARMA/NRCA Quality Control Guidelines for the Applica-tion of Polymer Modified Bitumen Roofing3,4NRCA/SPRI Quality Control Guide

11、lines for theApplicationof Thermoset Single-Ply Roof Membranes4,5NRCA/SPFA Quality Control Guidelines for the Applica-tion of Sprayed Polyurethane Foam Roofing4,6NRCA Roofing 5.3.2 Preexisting property damages, or property or materialdamages that occur during the roof construction process;5.3.3 The

12、condition of the substrate, and substrate prepara-tion, repair, or replacement procedures;5.3.4 The installation and attachment of any base sheets,including the type of fastener or adhesive used, the fasteningpattern and spacing;5.3.5 The installation and attachment of any vapor retardersor air barr

13、iers, including the type of fastener or adhesive used,the fastening pattern and spacing;5.3.6 The installation and attachment of the insulationlayer(s), recover or coverboard materials, including the type offastener or adhesive used, the fastening pattern and spacing;5.3.7 The installation and attac

14、hment of the roof covering orrepair materials which comprise the finished roof system,including the type of fastener or adhesive used, the fasteningpattern and spacing, as well as specific material quantities,temperatures, and measurements appropriate to the type of roofsystem under construction;5.3

15、.8 The installation and detailing of the roof systemflashings at perimeter and roof penetration locations;5.3.9 The installation and detailing of the sheet metalroofing accessories such as, but not limited to counterflashings,coping caps, joint covers, and edge and fascia metals;5.3.10 The installat

16、ion of roof surfacings or coatings;5.3.11 The installation of temporary weather seals at the endof the work day or prior to inclement weather;5.3.12 The installation of any other roof components speci-fied in the project specifications;5.3.13 The weather conditions that occur during the roofassembly

17、 installation;5.3.14 The crew size and foreman, and type of work beingperformed on a given day; and5.3.15 All visitors to the roof and their length of stay.6. Qualifications of the Quality Assurance Observer6.1 Significance of Qualifications:6.1.1 It is necessary that the person(s) performing qualit

18、yobservation of the construction process understand the projectspecifications and the specified roof system. Knowledge ofindustry-accepted good roofing practices is critical to thesuccess of the quality assurance observation process;6.1.2 A record of experience and training shall be main-tained by t

19、he QAO and submitted to the project file. Anoptional, sample form is located in Attachment A;6.1.3 A thorough understanding of the contract documents,specifically the project specifications, construction detail draw-ings, pre-bid and pre-construction conference minutes, and anyaddenda to the roofing

20、 specifications is required; and6.1.4 A thorough understanding of the type of roof systemspecified including knowledge of the manufacturers require-ments is required.6.2 Technical Qualifications of the QAO can be achieved byeither 6.2.1 or 6.2.2:6.2.1 Completion of specialized training or certificat

21、ion inQuality Assurance observation. The training or certificationprogram shall be specific to roofing quality assurance obser-vation and shall be administered by an industry recognizedorganization.6.2.2 Completion of a roof system application programprovided by the roof system manufacturer specifie

22、d.6.2.3 In lieu of the requirements in 6.2.1 and 6.2.2 by either:6.2.3.1 Completion of a minimum of 400 h of experienceperforming quality assurance observation of roofing construc-tion, or 400 h of experience in technical services with roofsystem manufacturers and a minimum of 2000 h of tradeexperie

23、nce in roof construction.6.2.3.2 Completion of a minimum of 400 h of experience inthe generic type of roof system specified either performingD7186052quality assurance observation or roof construction, or technicalservices for a roof system manufacturers. For this purpose, thegeneric roof type catego

24、ries are defined as: Built-Up Roofing,Polymer-Modified Bitumen, Thermoplastic Single-Ply, Ther-moset Single-Ply, Sprayed Polyurethane Foam Based Roofing,Structural Low-Slope Metal Roofing, Steep Slope Roofing,including but not limited to asphalt shingles, slate, tile, ormetal.7. Required Project Doc

25、uments7.1 A copy of the following project documents shall bemaintained on-site by the QAO and updated as necessary:7.1.1 The contract documents, including scope of work,specifications, roof plan, construction detail drawings, ad-denda, and modifications;7.1.2 The pre-bid and pre-construction confere

26、nce minutesand project meeting minutes;7.1.3 Stamped material submittals;7.1.4 The contractors original construction schedule andany revisions;7.1.5 Appropriate manufacturers literature containing roofsystem or material application requirements;7.1.6 Construction Change Directives, Change Orders, an

27、dany field orders;7.1.7 Written and photographic documentation prepared bythe QAO;7.1.8 Other pertinent project correspondence; and7.1.9 An emergency contact list for all pertinent projectpersonnel.8. Observation and Recording Procedures8.1 Documentation shall include both a written and photo-graphi

28、c record for historical file purposes and shall be madeavailable to all parties involved in the roofing project. Projectdocumentation may begin at the pre-construction conference orearlier and shall be continuous for the duration of the roofingproject. Written documentation shall be clear, concise,

29、andpresent an accurate, objective account of the roof constructionproject. Reports shall accurately describe the sequence ofevents, installation methods, workmanship by the contractor,and problems encountered and corrective actions taken.8.2 Pre-construction Damage ReportingThorough ex-amination of

30、building surfaces, equipment, and other propertyitems is necessary to document preexisting damages prior tocommencing construction. An optional, sample form is in-cluded in Attachment B.8.2.1 The report shall be distributed to all parties and shallbe generated, whenever possible, with the contractor

31、s repre-sentative and building personnel to indicate preexisting dam-age. It shall include photographic documentation of the areasviewed and damages noted. The report shall include, but is notlimited to inspection of the roof areas under contract; interiorspaces directly below the project areas; con

32、dition of relatedrooftop equipment and adjacent building(s), as well as buildingfacades; pavement and landscaping in staging areas.8.3 Material Delivery and Examination ReportingPrior tothe start or during the initial staging of the project, andfollowing the delivery of materials thereafter, the QAO

33、 shallexamine the materials delivered to verify conformance with thecontract documents. An optional, sample report form is locatedin Attachment C.8.3.1 The report shall note the condition of materials, themanufacturer, specific product designations, approximatequantity, lot or batch numbers, and if

34、the materials are storedproperly, noting the use of pallets, dunnage, tarpaulins, and soforth, in the report.8.3.2 The report shall include photographic documentationof the general condition of the material, including any damagesor defects in the material.8.3.3 The QAO shall immediately notify the c

35、ontractor orits representative if any materials are determined to be dam-aged or defective.8.4 Daily Construction ReportingA report documentingthe nature of roofing work performed, progress, problemsencountered, and actions taken by given individuals shall becompleted each day. An acceptable, recogn

36、ized reportingformat shall be utilized by the report QAO. An optional,sample report form is located in Attachment D.8.4.1 The report shall include, but is not limited to: crewsize, daily temperatures, wind, relative humidity, weatherconditions, roof removal procedures (if applicable), structuraldeck

37、 or substrate condition, deck/substrate preparation, appli-cation and securement of any vapor retarders, base sheets,insulation layers, roofing and flashing membranes, sheet metalcomponents, and other related roof accessories.8.4.2 The report shall record the size of the roof area(s)completed each d

38、ay, deck repair or replacement dimensions,application temperatures of bitumens or adhesives, fasteningpattern and spacing used to secure roof system components,exposure, headlap, side and end lap dimensions of felt ormembranes, and approximate linear footage of flashing mem-brane and sheet metal ins

39、tallation.NOTE 1The report shall also record any measurements necessary fortracking unit price work items or authorized work in addition to thecontract work as required by the entity contracting with the QAO.8.4.3 The report shall record the use and construction oftemporary weather protection (for e

40、xample, night seals ortie-offs).8.4.4 The report shall contain a record of any visitors,including the name and title of the visitor, and nature of thevisit to the roof site by project mangers, building representa-tives, roof system designer, manufacturers representatives,and anyone else.8.4.5 If wor

41、kmanship defects are noted, or if the installationof a specific material does not appear to meet the projectspecifications, the QAO shall notify the contractor, or itsrepresentative, immediately.8.4.6 The report shall note on the same day the finalresolution of all variances listed in the report. If

42、 this is notpossible, the QAO shall track these variances daily in the dailyconstruction reports until such time as the final resolution canbe documented. It is essential and imperative that the projectfile be complete and accurate for each variance listed, and thatthe file contain the resolution an

43、d any corrective actions taken.8.4.7 Photographic documentation of the project shall ac-company daily reports.D71860538.5 Progress Reporting and Unit TrackingA progresssummary and unit tracking report shall be submitted weekly, ormore often, to the project file and distributed to the partiesinvolved

44、 in the project. The information contained in thereports shall be verified with the contractor prior to distribu-tion.NOTE 2The progress reporting and unit tracking for additional workby the contractor shall be recorded as required by the entity contractingwith the QAO. An optional, sample form is l

45、ocated in Attachment E.8.5.1 The report shall summarize the progress of the roofingconstruction to date and shall include: size of project in squarefeet, roof area completed to date, roof area to be completed,number of working days in construction schedule, workingdays to date, remaining working day

46、s, and anticipated comple-tion date. The report shall summarize any delays encounteredduring the records period, as well as the issuance of anychange order to work order affecting the construction schedule.8.5.2 The report shall indicate unit cost work items, includ-ing the amount or size of the uni

47、t cost work completed andestimated costs to date.8.5.3 A roof plan shall be attached to the progress reportshowing the location of work and date for each day ofconstruction.8.6 The contract documents provide the criteria for compli-ance of the materials, application, and work procedures forroofing p

48、roject. The following documents may be useful assupporting literature:8.6.1 Roof system installation requirements supplied by theapplicable manufacturer, supplier, or distributor of the roofsystem or material.8.6.2 ARMA/NRCA/SPRI Repair Manual for Low-SlopeMembrane Roof Systems.8.6.3 ARMA/NRCA Quali

49、ty Control Guidelines for theApplication of Built-Up Roofing.8.6.4 ARMA/NRCA Quality Control Guidelines for theApplication of Polymer Modified Bitumen Roofing.8.6.5 NRCA/SPRI Quality Control Guidelines for the Ap-plication of Thermoset Single-Ply Roof Membranes.8.6.6 NRCA/SPFA Quality Control Guidelines for the Ap-plication of Sprayed Polyurethane Foam Roofing.8.6.7 NRCA Roofing low-slope roofing; project documentation;project reporting; QAO; quality assurance observation; reroof-ing; roof construction; roof maintenance; roof repair; steep-slope roofing; toolsD7186054APPENDIX(