ASTM D5362-2013 Standard Test Method for Snagging Resistance of Fabrics (Bean Bag)《织物防钩丝性标准试验方法(豆袋试验法)》.pdf

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1、Designation: D5362 13Standard Test Method forSnagging Resistance of Fabrics (Bean Bag)1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5362; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number i

2、n parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method determines the snagging resistance of afabric.1.2 Studies of fabric snagging have shown that this testmethod is suitable for a

3、 range of woven and knitted fabricsmade from textured or untextured filament yarns or spun yarnsor combinations of these yarns.2,3This test method is notsuitable for (1) open construction fabrics (such as a net)because the pins in the test chamber will snag the bean bagrather than the specimen, (2)

4、heavy or stiff fabrics that cannotbe made into a cover for the bean bag, and (3) tufted ornonwoven fabrics because the apparatus is designed for wovenand knitted fabrics.1.3 The values stated in either acceptable metric units or inother units shall be regarded separately as standard. The valuesstate

5、d in each system may not be the exact equivalents;therefore, each system must be used independently of the other,without combining values in any way. In case of refereedecisions the metric units will prevail.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated

6、with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precau-tionary statements are given in Section 7.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:4D123

7、Terminology Relating to TextilesD1335 Test Method for Tuft Bind of Pile Yarn FloorCoveringsD1776 Practice for Conditioning and Testing TextilesD2724 Test Methods for Bonded, Fused, and LaminatedApparel FabricsD3136 Terminology Relating to Care Labeling for Apparel,Textile, Home Furnishing, and Leath

8、er ProductsD3939 Test Method for Snagging Resistance of Fabrics(Mace)D4467 Practice for Interlaboratory Testing of a Textile TestMethod That Produces Non-Normally Distributed Data(Withdrawn 2010)5D4850 Terminology Relating to Fabrics and Fabric TestMethods2.2 AATCC Standards:665 Test Method for Snag

9、 Resistance of Womens NylonHosiery (see Note 1)135 Test Method for Dimensional Changes in AutomaticHome Laundering of Woven and Knit FabricsNOTE 1In 1988 the AATCC voted to withdraw this test method fromtheir technical manual; however, the ASTM task group on fabric snaggingdecided it should be liste

10、d as an alternative for testing open constructionfabrics.3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 For definitions of textile terms used in this testmethod: color contrast, in textiles; distortion in fabrics;protrusion, in fabrics; snag, in fabrics; snagging resistance, infabrics; refer to Terminology D48

11、50.3.1.2 For definitions of other textile terms used in this testmethod, refer to Terminology D123.4. Summary of Test Method4.1 A fabric specimen is made into a cover for a bean bag.Then the specimen and bean bag unit is tumbled for 100revolutions in a cylindrical test chamber fitted on its innersur

12、face with rows of pins. The degree of fabric snagging is1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D13 on Textilesand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.59 on Fabric Test Methods,General.Current edition approved July 1, 2013. Published August 2013. Originallyapproved

13、 in 1993. Last previous edition approved in 2012 as D5362 03(2012).DOI: 10.1520/D5362-13.2Stuckey, W. C., and El Shiekh, A., “Snags in Snag Testing of Knits”, in Senseand Nonsense in Knit Testing , American Association of Textile Chemists andColorists, 1975, pp. 4553.3Cary, R. T., “Bean Bag Snag Tes

14、ter: A System of Evaluation,” Textile ResearchJournal, Vol 51, No. 2, 1981 , pp. 6163.4For referenced ASTM standards, visist the ASTM Web Site, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summa

15、ry page onthe ASTM web site.5The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.6Available from American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists(AATCC), P.O. Box 12215, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, http:/www.aatcc.org.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr

16、Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1evaluated by (1) comparison of the tested specimens withvisual rating standards that may be either snagged fabrics orphotographs of snagged fabrics, or (2) using a point system.The resistance to snagging is rated on a numeric

17、al scaleranging from 5 (no or insignificant snagging) to 1 (very severesnagging).5. Significance and Use5.1 Acceptance TestingThis test method may be used foracceptance testing of commercial shipments of fabrics becausethe precision is acceptable (see 15.1).5.1.1 If there are differences of practica

18、l significance be-tween reported test results for two laboratories (or more),comparative tests should be performed to determine if there isa statistical bias between them, using competent statisticalassistance. As a minimum, use the samples for such a com-parative test that are as homogeneous as pos

19、sible, drawn fromthe same lot of material as the samples that resulted in disparateresults during initial testing and randomly assigned in equalnumber to each laboratory. The test results from the laborato-ries involved should be compared using a statistical test forunpaired data, at a probability l

20、evel chosen prior to the testingseries. If bias is found, either its cause must be found andcorrected, or future test results for that material must beadjusted in consideration of the known bias.5.2 This test method may be used for quality control testingof fabrics during manufacturing and product c

21、omparisons ofdifferent fabrics by manufacturers, retailers, and users. This testmethod may also be used by researchers to examine the effectof new fibers, yarns, fabric constructions, and finishes on thesnagging resistance of fabrics.5.3 This test method may be used to test the snaggingresistance of

22、 most apparel and home furnishings fabrics.However, a different test method (see 5.3.1) may be needed fordifferent types of fabrics and different end-uses (such as towels,swimwear, slacks, and upholstery).5.3.1 Some fabrics which may not be suitable for this testmethod are described in 1.2. Many ope

23、n construction fabricscan be tested for snagging resistance using AATCC TestMethod 65. Many heavy or stiff fabrics can be tested forsnagging resistance using Test Method D3939. The snaggingresistance of many pile floor coverings can be tested by TestMethod D1335.5.4 Because fabric snagging can be af

24、fected by launderingor drycleaning, it may be advisable to test the snaggingresistance of a fabric before and after laundering or dryclean-ing.5.5 The snagging resistance of a specific fabric varies withindividual wearers and general conditions of use. Therefore, itcan be expected that garments of t

25、he same fabric will show afairly wide snagging resistance spectrum after wear and muchgreater variation in wear than in replicate fabric specimenssubjected to controlled laboratory tests. This factor should beconsidered when adopting levels of acceptability for anyspecification that includes snaggin

26、g resistance.5.6 Snags observed in worn garments vary appreciably innumber and appearance. The appearance of a snag dependsparticularly on (1) the degree of color contrast between thesnag and the surrounding area of the fabric, or, (2) thepresence of long distortions or long protrusions. These condi

27、-tions are not evaluated when snagging is rated solely on thenumber of snags. See Section 3 for a description of terminol-ogy such as color contrast, distortion, and protrusion See Figs.1-3 . Because the overall acceptability of a specific fabric isdependent on both the characteristics of the snags

28、and otherfactors affecting fabric appearance, it is recommended thatfabrics tested in the laboratory be evaluated with regard to thedefects which may be visually observed and not rated solely onthe number of snags developed. A series of visual ratingstandards (see 6.7) may be set up to provide a bas

29、is for theratings. The visual rating standards are most advantageouswhen the tested laboratory specimens correlate closely inFIG. 1 A Snagged Specimen With Many Protrusion But No Dis-tortionsD5362 132appearance with fabrics from a wear test; for example whentested laboratory specimens and fabrics fr

30、om a wear test showsimilar color contrasts. In the preceding example, a series offabrics from the wear test would be a good choice for the fabricstandards described in 6.7.2.Also a point rating system may beused that considers the number of the snags and the appearanceof the snags. (See 13 for addit

31、ional information about snags,protrusions, distortions, and color contrasts. Also, see Figs.1-3).6. Apparatus and Materials6.1 Bean Bag Snag Tester7, as shown in Fig. 4. Eachrotating cylinder (2.1 6 0.3 rad/s or 20 6 3 r/min) is fitted witha snagging basket which is a removable framework of eightbaf

32、fle bars attached at each end to plastic disks. Each baffle barhas a series of nine pins protruding from it. Each baffle bar islocked in the plastic disks so that when a baffle bar is exactlyat the bottom of the cylinder, an angle of 0.5 6 0.1 rad or 306 5 exists between the pins on that baffle bar

33、and a theoreticalhorizontal line passing through the end of the baffle bar.6.1.1 Bean Bags7, filled with shot and each weighing 450 610gor1.06 0.02 lb.Aminimum of two bean bags is required,but six bean bags are suggested for efficiency.6.2 Specimen Template, made of approximately 2 mm or 0.1in. thic

34、k poster board, plastic or metal with dimensions of 215mm by 115 mm or 8.5 in. by 4.5 in.6.3 Sewing Machine, with a sewing needle that is appropri-ate for the fabric being tested for snagging resistance, or6.4 Sharps Hand Sewing Needle.6.5 Sewing Thread, cotton, Tex ticket 35 to 50, or equivalentpol

35、yester and cotton.6.6 Standard Calibration Fabric, having an establishedsnagging resistance rating that has been agreed upon by thepurchaser and the supplier. (No standard calibration fabric hasbeen specified by Subcommittee D13.59.)6.7 Visual Rating Standards (for Option A):6.7.1 Photographic Stand

36、ards, a series of photographs oftested specimens that show the degrees of snagging, such as theImperial Chemical Industries (ICI) photographs,8or6.7.2 Fabric Standards, a series of tested specimens orfabrics from a wear test that show the degrees of snagging (see5.6 and Note 2).NOTE 2Fabric standard

37、s should be stored and handled under condi-tions that will preserve their original form and appearance. Mount thefabric standards using white poster board, plastic or metal framing.7The sole source of supply of the apparatus known to the committee at this timeis (SDLAtlas LLC, 1813AAssociated Lane,

38、Charlotte, NC 28271). If you are awareof alternative suppliers, please provide this information to ASTM Headquarters.Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of the responsibletechnical committee.8The sole source of supply of the apparatus known to the committee at this timeis (

39、SDLAtlas LLC, 1813AAssociated Lane, Charlotte, NC 28271). If you are awareof alternative suppliers, please provide this information to ASTM Headquarters.Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of the responsibletechnical committee.FIG. 2 A Snag That Includes Both a Protrusion a

40、nd a DistortionFIG. 3 A Snagged Specimen With Color Contrasts (Yarn Shiftedfrom Dark Area to Light AreaFIG. 4 The Bean Bag Snag Tester With Two Test ChambersD5362 1336.8 Equipment for Fabric Evaluation for Option A, forillumination and simultaneous viewing of specimens and visualrating standards:6.8

41、.1 Apparatus for Fabric Evaluation:6.8.1.1 Viewing Cabinet9, (see Fig. 5) having a light sourceof sufficient brightness to illuminate snags on the surface of afabric.6.8.1.2 Specimen Viewing Mask (White), made of approxi-mately 2 mm or 0.1 in. thick poster board, plastic or metal withouter dimension

42、s of 100 mm by 100 mm or 4 in. by 4 in. anda center cutout of 75 mm by 75 mm or 3 in. by 3 in.6.8.1.3 Photographic Standard Viewing Mask (White),made of approximately 2 mm or 0.1 in. thick poster board,plastic or metal with outer dimensions of 130 mm by 95 mm or5.2 in. by 3.8 in. and a center cutout

43、 of 75 mm by 75 mm or 3in. by 3 in. The dimensions of this mask are for photographicstandards (see 6.7.1) which have outer dimensions of 130 mmby 95 mm or 5.2 in. by 3.8 in. in size. Larger or smallerphotographic standards will need a mask with correspondingouter dimensions. All photographic standar

44、d viewing masksmust have the same center cutout viewing dimensions as thespecimen viewing mask.6.8.1.4 Fabric Standard Viewing Mask (White), made ofapproximately 2 mm or 0.1 in. thick poster board, plastic ormetal and with the outer dimensions the same as the dimen-sions of the fabric standard (see

45、6.7.2) and a center cutout of 75mm by 75 mm or 3 in. by 3 in.6.9 Equipment for Fabric Evaluation for Option B, forillumination and viewing of specimens:6.9.1 Desk Lamp, having a light source of sufficient bright-ness to illuminate snags on the surface of a fabric.6.9.2 Specimen Viewing Mask (White),

46、 made of approxi-mately 2 mm or 0.1 in. thick poster board, plastic or metal withouter dimensions of 100 mm by 100 mm or 4 in. by 4 in. anda center cutout of 75 mm by 75 mm or 3 in. by 3 in.6.10 Optional Equipment:6.10.1 Tumble Dryer, as described in AATCC TestMethod 135.6.10.2 Washing Machine, as d

47、escribed in AATCC TestMethod 135.6.10.3 Detergent, heavy duty granule, the 1993 AATCCStandard Reference Detergent as described in AATCC TestMethod 135. When agreed upon by the purchaser and thesupplier a substitute detergent that does not include fabricsoftener or bleach may be used.6.10.4 Equivalen

48、t for Drycleaning Specimens, as describedin Test Methods D2724.7. Hazards7.1 Locate the bean bag snag tester in a low-traffic areabecause of the danger from the exposed rotating cylinders.7.2 Check that both the plastic disks and the ports are secureby making sure the front disks are flush with the

49、front rims ofthe cylinders and by hand-tightening the screws that secure theports.7.3 Wear protective gloves when examining the pins orremoving debris from the cylinders as described in 11.1.7.4 Observe the following safety precautions when operat-ing the tester: (1) do not wear loose or dangling clothing thatcan get caught in the pins or moving parts, (2) do not attemptto load or unload the chambers while the cylinders are rotating,and (3) do not injure your hands on the sharp pins when placingspecimens in the chambers.8. Sampling8.1 Lot SampleAs a lot sample for accepta