[考研类试卷]考研英语模拟试卷189及答案与解析.doc
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1、考研英语模拟试卷 189及答案与解析 一、 Section I Use of English Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D. (10 points) 1 With Airbus giant A380 airliner about to take to the skies, you might think planes could not get much bigger-and you would be right
2、. For a given design, it turns (1)_, there comes a point where the wings become too heavy to generate (2)_ lift to carry their own weight. (3)_ a new way of designing and making materials could (4)_ that problem. Two engineers (5)_ University College London have devised all innovative way to customi
3、ze and control the (6)_ of a material throughout its three-dimensional structure. In the (7)_ of a wing, this would make possible a material that is dense, strong and load-bearing at one end, close to the fuselage, (8)_ the extremities could be made less dense, lighter and more (9)_. It is like maki
4、ng bespoke materials, (10)_ you can customize the physical properties of every cubic millimeter of a structure. The new technique combines existing technologies in a(n) (11)_ way, It starts by using finite-element-analysis software, of the type commonly used by engineers, (12)_ a virtual prototype o
5、f the object. The software models the stresses and strains that the object will need to (13)_ throughout its structure. Using this information it is then (14)_ to calculate the precise forces acting on millions of smaller subsections of the structure. (15)_ of these subsections is (16)_ treated as a
6、 separate object with its own set of forces acting on it-and each subsection (17)_ for a different microstructure to absorb those local forces. Designing so many microstructures manually (18)_ be a huge task, so the researchers apply an optimization program, called a genetic algorithm, (19)_. This u
7、ses a process of randomization and trial-and-error to search the vast number of possible microstructures to find the most (20)_ design for each subsection. ( A) off ( B) out ( C) away ( D) in ( A) many ( B) much ( C) enough ( D) necessary ( A) But ( B) And ( C) Or ( D) Yet ( A) find ( B) discover (
8、C) get over ( D) get around ( A) of ( B) at ( C) in ( D) from ( A) properties ( B) nature ( C) qualities ( D) characteristics ( A) sample ( B) case ( C) condition ( D) situation ( A) while ( B) which ( C) what ( D) where ( A) easy ( B) flexible ( C) reflective ( D) compatible ( A) as ( B) since ( C)
9、 because ( D) so long as ( A) novel ( B) strange ( C) odd ( D) peculiar ( A) creates ( B) and creates ( C) creating ( D) to create ( A) stand ( B) sustain ( C) understand ( D) withstand ( A) possible ( B) impossible ( C) likely ( D) unlikely ( A) Each ( B) One ( C) Every ( D) All ( A) next ( B) then
10、 ( C) after ( D) since ( A) asks ( B) calls ( C) demands ( D) requires ( A) is to ( B) should ( C) would ( D) has to ( A) in order ( B) in place ( C) in spite ( D) instead ( A) perfect ( B) complete ( C) suitable ( D) proper Part A Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions belo
11、w each text by choosing A, B, C or D. (40 points) 21 What is time? Is it a thing to be saved or spent or wasted, like money? Or is it something we have no control over, like the weather? Is time the same all over the world? Thats an easy question, you say. Wherever you go, a minute is 60 seconds, an
12、 hour is 60 minutes, a day is 24 hours, and so forth. Well, maybe. But in America, time is more than that. Americans see time as a very valuable resource. Maybe thats why they are fond of the expression, “Time is money.“ Because Americans believe time is a limited resource, they try to conserve and
13、manage it. People in the U.S. often attend seminars or read books on time management. It seems they all want to organize their time better. Professionals carry around pocket planners-some in electronic form-to keep track of appointments and deadlines. People do all they can to squeeze more life out
14、of their time. The early American hero Benjamin Franklin expressed this view best: “Do you love life.? Then do not waste time, for that is the stuff life is made of.“ To Americans, punctuality is a way of showing respect for other peoples time. Being more than 10 minutes late to an appointment usual
15、ly calls for an apology, and maybe an explanation. People who are running late often call ahead to let others know of the delay. Of course, the less formal the situation, the less important it is to be exactly on time. At informal get-togethers, for example, people often arrive as much as 30 minutes
16、 past the appointed time. But they usually dont try that at work. To outsiders, Americans seem tied to the clock, People in other cultures value relationships more than schedules. In these societies, people dont try to control time, but to experience it. Many Eastern cultures, for example, view time
17、 as a cycle. The rhythm of nature-from the passing of the seasons to the monthly cycle of the moonshapes their view of events. People learn to respond to their environment. As a result, they find it easier to “go with the flow“ than Americans, who like plans to be fixed and unchangeable. Even Americ
18、ans would admit that no one can master time. Time-like moneyslips all too easily through our fingers. And time-like the weather-is very haut to predict. Nevertheless, time is one of lifes most precious gifts. And unwrapping it is half the fun. 21 Why Americans are fond of the expression “Time is mon
19、ey“? ( A) Because it may be saved or spent or wasted. ( B) Because it is something we have no control over. ( C) Because it is equal to everyone. ( D) Because it is regarded as an invaluable resource. 22 Americans conserve and manage time in all the following cases EXCEPT_. ( A) they often attend se
20、minars or read books on time management ( B) they all want to organize their time better ( C) they keep track of appointments and deadlines ( D) people do all they can to squeeze more life out of their time 23 The early American hero Benjamin Franklin is cited as_. ( A) an example of squeezing more
21、life out of his time ( B) a man who loves life ( C) a summary of the above statement ( D) a warning to the American people 24 Which of the following is NOT true as regards punctuality in America? ( A) Never 30 minutes later than the appointed time in any case. ( B) An apology for more than 10 minute
22、s late to an appointment. ( C) Calling ahead to let others know of the delay. ( D) Being exactly on time at work. 25 To outsiders, Americans seem tied to the clock, which is shown in the fact that_. ( A) they value relationships more than schedules ( B) they dont try to control time ( C) they view t
23、ime as a cycle ( D) they like plans to be fixed and unchangeable 26 Successful businesses tend to continue implementing the ideas that made them successful. But in a rapidly changing world, ideas often become obsolete overnight. What worked in the past wont necessarily work in the future. In order t
24、o thrive in the future, you must constantly create new ideas for every aspect of your business. In fact, you must continually generate new ideas just to keep your head above water. Businesses that arent creative about their future may not survive. Although Bill Gates is the richest, most successful
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