[考研类试卷]考研英语模拟试卷181及答案与解析.doc

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1、考研英语模拟试卷 181及答案与解析 一、 Section I Use of English Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D. (10 points) 1 It is generally recognized in the world that the second Gulf War in Iraq is a crucial test of high-speed Web. For decades, American

2、s have anxiously (1)_ each war through a new communications (2)_, from the early silent film of World War I to the 24-hour cable news (3)_ of the first Persian Gulf War. Now, (4)_ bombs exploding in Baghdad, a sudden increase in wartime (5)_ for online news has become a central test of the (6)_ of h

3、igh-speed Internet connections. It is also a good (7)_ both to attract users to online media (8)_ and to persuade them to pay for the material they find there, (9)_ the value of the Cable News Network persuaded millions to (10)_ to cable during the last war in Iraq. (11)_ by a steady rise over the l

4、ast 18 months in the number of people with high-speed Internet (12)_, now at more than 70 million in the United States, the Web sites of many of the major news organizations have (13)_ assembled a novel collage(拼贴 ) of (14)_ video, audio reports, photography collections, animated weaponry (15)_, int

5、eractive maps and other new digital reportage. These Internet services are (16)_ on the remarkable abundance of sounds and images (17)_ from video cameras (18)_ on Baghdad and journalists traveling with troops. And they have found a (19)_ audience of American office workers (20)_ their computers dur

6、ing the early combat. （ A） notified （ B） publicized （ C） followed （ D） pursued （ A） means （ B） medium （ C） method （ D） measure （ A） coverage （ B） publication （ C） convention （ D） conveyance （ A） during （ B） in （ C） as （ D） with （ A） report （ B） demand （ C） concern （ D） prospect （ A） ability （ B） cha

7、nce （ C） potential （ D） power （ A） opportunity （ B） perspective （ C） message （ D） response （ A） outlets （ B） resources （ C） circumstances （ D） positions （ A） for all that （ B） now that （ C） just as （ D） as if （ A） subject （ B） contribute （ C） apply （ D） subscribe （ A） Discouraged （ B） Inspired （ C）

8、Impressed （ D） Effected （ A） approach （ B） usage （ C） application （ D） access （ A） radically （ B） plausibly （ C） orderly （ D） hastily （ A） living （ B） alive （ C） live （ D） lively （ A） destruction （ B） displays （ C） installation （ D） contest （ A） capitalizing （ B） embarking （ C） broadcasting （ D） ope

9、rating （ A） accessible （ B） desirable （ C） feasible （ D） available （ A） focused （ B） rested （ C） reckoned （ D） depended （ A） continuous （ B） perpetual （ C） captive （ D） temporary （ A） with （ B） at （ C） beside （ D） near Part A Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each

10、 text by choosing A, B, C or D. (40 points) 21 In 1929 John D. Rockefeller decided it was time to sell shares when even a shoeshine boy offered him a share tip. During the past week The Economists economics editor has been advised by a taxi driver, a plumber and a hairdresser that “you cant go wrong

11、“ investing in housing the more you own the better. Is this a sign that it is time to get out? At the very least, as house prices around the world climb to ever loftier heights, and more and more people jump on to the buy-to-let ladder, it is time to expose some of the fallacies regularly trotted ou

12、t by so many self-appointed housing experts. One common error is that house prices must continue to rise because of a limited supply of land. For instance, it is argued that “house prices will always rise in London because lots of people want to live here“. But this confuses the level of prices with

13、 their rate of change. Home prices are bound to be higher in big cities because of land scarcity, but this does not guarantee that urban house prices will keep rising indefinitely just look at Tokyos huge price-drops since 1990. And, though it is true that a fixed supply of homes may push up house p

14、rices if the population is rising, this would imply a steady rise in prices, not the 20% annual jumps of recent years. A second flawed argument is that low interest rates make buying a home cheaper, and so push up demand and prices. Lower interest rates may have allowed some people, who otherwise co

15、uld not have afforded a mortgage, to buy a home. But many borrowers who think mortgages are cheaper are suffering from money illusion. Interest rates are not very low in real, inflation-adjusted terms. Initial interest payments may seem low in relation to income, but because inflation is also low it

16、 will not erode the real burden of debt as swiftly as it once did. So in later years mortgage payments will be much larger in real terms. To argue that low nominal interest rates make buying a home cheaper is like arguing that a car loan paid off over four years is cheaper than one repaid over two y

17、ears. Fallacy number three is a favourite claim of Alan Greenspan, chairman of Americas Federal Reserve. This is that price bubbles are less likely in housing than in the stock- market because higher transaction costs discourage speculation. In fact, several studies have shown that both in theory an

18、d in practice bubbles are more likely in housing than in shares. A study by the IMF finds that a sharp rise in house prices is far more likely to be followed by a bust than a share-price boom. 21 The term “fallacies“(Paragraph 1) most probably means （ A） ridiculous strategies （ B） obsolete methodolo

19、gies （ C） mistaken beliefs （ D） far-fetched assertions 22 What is the relationship between the opening paragraph and the rest of the text? （ A） The deadly sins are singled out in the first paragraph and then denied by the author of the text. （ B） A generalization is made in the opening paragraph and

20、 elaborated in the following paragraphs. （ C） The unusual anecdotes are quoted in the first paragraph and then articulated in the following paragraphs. （ D） A generalization is advanced in the opening paragraph and refuted in the following paragraphs. 23 The author of the text makes a comparison in_

21、. （ A） Paragraph 4 （ B） concluding paragraph （ C） Paragraph 2 （ D） opening paragraph 24 The views of Alan Greenspan and the author of the text on price bubbles are （ A） complementary （ B） identical （ C） opposite （ D） similar 25 To which of the following is the author likely to agree? （ A） It is time

22、 to illustrate some popular fallacies about buying a home. （ B） Some popular flawed arguments about buying a home should be made known to the public for the time being. （ C） People should be punctual in business dealings of shares and housing. （ D） Alan Greenspans claim can hold water with respect t

23、o fallacy member three. 26 Many countries have a tradition of inviting foreigners to rule them. The English called in William of Orange in 1688, and, depending on your interpretation of history, William of Normandy in 1066. Both did rather a good job. Returning the compliment, Albania asked a well-b

24、red Englishman called Aubrey Herbert to be their king in the 1920s. He refused and they ended up with several coves called Zog. America, the country of immigrants, has no truck with imported foreign talent. Article two of the constitution says that “no person except a natural-born citizen, shall be

25、eligible to the office of the president“. This is now being challenged by a particularly irresistible immigrant: Arnold Schwarzenegger. Barely a year has passed since the erstwhile cyborg swept to victory in Californias recall election, yet there is already an Amend-for-Arnold campaign collecting si

26、gnatures to let the Austrian-born governor have a go at the White House. George Bush senior has weighed in on his behalf. There are several “Arnold amendments“ in Congress: one allows foreigners who have been naturalized citizens for 20 years to become president. (The Austrian became American in 198

27、3.) It is easy to dismiss the hoopla as another regrettable example of loopy celebrity politics. Mr. Schwarzenegger has made a decent start as governor, but he bas done little, as yet, to change the structure of his dysfunctional state. Indeed, even if the law were changed, he could well be elbowed

28、aside by another incomer, this time from Canada: the Democratic governor of Michigan, Jennifer Granholm, who appears to have fewer skeletons in her closet than the hedonistic actor. Moreover, changing the American constitution is no doddle. It has happened only 17 times since 1791 (when the first te

29、n amendments were codified as the bill of rights). To change the constitution, an amendment has to be approved by two-thirds of both houses of Congress, and then to be ratified by three-quarters of the 50 states. The Arnold amendment is hardly in the same category as abolishing slavery or giving wom

30、en the vote. And, as some wags point out, Austrian imports have a pretty dodgy record of running military superpowers. 26 The author of the text makes a contrast in_. （ A） Paragraph 3 and Paragraph 4 （ B） the opening paragraph （ C） Paragraph 1 and Paragraph 2 （ D） the concluding paragraph 27 The phr

31、ase “has no truck with“(Line 1, Paragraph 2) most probably means_. （ A） lacks means of transportation for （ B） never discriminate （ C） have no vehicle to （ D） refuses to consider 28 Compared with Jennifer Granholm, Mr. Schwarzenegger is at disadvantage due to_. （ A） more embarrassing secrets （ B） pr

32、evious actor background （ C） excessive garment decoration （ D） less slender figure 29 The word “cyborg“(Line 1, Paragraph 3) most probably refers to_. （ A） Aubgrey Herbert （ B） George Bush senior （ C） William of Orange （ D） Arnold Schwarzenegger 30 It can be inferred from the concluding paragraph th

33、at_. （ A） the American constitution is changeable and falls into a vicious cycle （ B） there is a faint chance that legal adjustments are made for Arnold running （ C） abolishing slaver and granting women the vote given an impetus to Arnold running （ D） both houses of Congress hold whether he deserves

34、 to win is another matter 31 A pair of dice, rolled again and again, will eventually produce two sixes. Similarly, the virus that causes influenza is constantly changing at random and, one day, will mutate in a way that will enable it to infect billions of people, and to kill millions. Many experts

35、now believe a global outbreak of pandemic flu is overdue, and that the next one could be as bad as the one in 1918, which killed somewhere between 25m and 50m people. Today however, advances in medicine offer real hope that another such outbreak can be contained if governments start preparing now. N

36、ew research published this week suggests that a relatively small stockpile of an anti-viral drug as little as 3m doses could be enough to limit sharply a flu pandemic if the drugs were deployed quickly to people in the area surrounding the initial outbreak. The drugs manufacturer, Roche, is talking

37、to the World Health Organization about donating such a stockpile. This is good news. But much more needs to be done, especially with a nasty strain of avian flu spreading in Asia which could mutate into a threat to humans. Since the SARS outbreak in 2003 a few countries have developed plans in prepa

38、ration for similar episodes. But progress has been shamefully patchy, and there is still far too little international co-ordination. A global stockpile of drugs alone would not be much use without an adequate system of surveillance to identify early cases and a way of delivering treatment quickly. I

39、f an outbreak occurred in a border region, for example, a swift response would most likely depend on prior agreements between different countries about quarantine and containment. Reaching such agreements is rarely easy, but that makes the task all the more urgent. Rich countries tend to be better p

40、repared than poor ones, but this should be no consolation to them. Flu does not respect borders. It is in everyones interest to make sure that developing countries, especially in Asia, are also well prepared. Many may bridle at interference from outside. But if richer nations were willing to donate

41、anti-viral drugs and guarantee a supply of any vaccine that becomes available, poorer nations might be willing to reach agreements over surveillance and preparedness. Simply sorting out a few details now will have lives (and recriminations) later. Will there be enough ventilators, makes and drugs? W

42、here will people be treated if the hospitals overflow? Will food be delivered as normal? Too many countries have no answers to these questions. 31 The word “contained“(Paragraph 1) most probably means_. （ A） checked （ B） duplicated （ C） included （ D） forecast 32 According to the text, it is upsettin

43、g that _. （ A） the flu-catching is more pervasive the world over （ B） the cause of initial outbreak has not been identified （ C） global co-ordination is yet to well develop （ D） people still have no answers concerning surveillance and containment 33 The speed of remedy dispatch is of importance to _

44、. （ A） the recovery of the infected patient （ B） the treatment of the ailing sufferer （ C） the prevention of a flu pandemic （ D） the efficiency of large supply of drugs 34 According to the text, which of the followings is not readily made_. （ A） publications of new research with respect to the suppl

45、y of the interference from outside （ B） construction of an adequate system Of surveillance of early influenza cases （ C） availability of anti-viral drugs and any vaccine in underdeveloped nations （ D） contracts between various nations concerning quarantine and containment 35 The best title for the t

46、ext could be_. （ A） The World Must Prepare for Pandemic Influenza （ B） Similar Episodes of Initial Outbreak Are Always Evasive to Laymen （ C） The Government Should Take Lead in the Prevention of Pandemic Influenza （ D） The World Health Organization Must Authorize the Relevant Rescue System as Is Dis

47、cussed in the Text 36 Companies have embarked on what looks like the beginnings of a re-run of the mergers and acquisitions (M the authority of his passionate yet firm demeanor was attractive to post-war Americans who longed for a more stable time. (45)_. While continuing to act on television and in

48、 Hollywood throughout the 19805 and 19905, Peck has focused much of his energy on spending time with his wife, children, and grandchildren. For Peck, life as a father and as a public figure have been inseparable; he was simultaneously a major voice against the Vietnam war, while remaining a patrioti

49、c supporter of his son who was fighting there. If years of breathing life into characters such as Captain Keith Mallory and General MacArthur taught him anything, it was that life during wartime was profoundly complex; and rarely bas there been a time free from war or struggle. In his more than fifty films, Peck has continually attempted to investigate these complex struggles, and in doing so has created a library of stories that s