[考研类试卷]GCT工程硕士（英语）模拟试卷22及答案与解析.doc

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1、GCT工程硕士（英语）模拟试卷 22及答案与解析 一、 Part I Vocabulary and Structure Directions: There are ten incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the

2、 center. 1 American women were _ the right to vote until 1920 after many years of hard struggle. （ A） ignored （ B） neglected （ C） refused （ D） denied 2 The brave man was greatly honoured when the organizer announced, “You _ a medal!“ （ A） earn （ B） expect （ C） deserve （ D） reserve 3 All imported win

3、e were made to pay heavy _. （ A） fees （ B） duties （ C） prices （ D） money 4 You think you are clever, _, I assure you that you are very foolish. （ A） on the contrary （ B） on the other side （ C） in other words （ D） on the whole 5 Many people complain of the rapid _ of modern life. （ A） rate （ B） speed

4、 （ C） pace （ D） growth 6 Then _ of that time when he was cowboy. （ A） comes the memory （ B） came the memory （ C） the memory comes （ D） the memory came 7 Busy _ he is, he can fulfill the task ahead of schedule. （ A） because （ B） as （ C） no matter how （ D） although 8 If only I _ the books on the readi

5、ng list before I attended the lecture. （ A） read （ B） have read （ C） had read （ D） could have read 9 The science of medicine, _ progress has been very rapid lately, is perhaps the most important of all sciences. （ A） to which （ B） with which （ C） in which （ D） among which 10 Mr. Jack _ volleyball in

6、 the afternoon, but now his leg wounded, _ in the evening. （ A） used to play; is used to taking a walk （ B） used to playing; is used to take a walk （ C） was used to playing; used to taking a walk （ D） was used to play; used to take a walk 二、 Part II Reading Comprehension Directions: In this part the

7、re are four passages, each followed by five questions or unfinished statements. For each of them, there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the best one and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center. 11 It is hard to track the blue whale, the oceans larges

8、t creature, which has almost been killed off by commercial whaling and is now listed as an endangered species. Attaching radio devices to it is difficult, and visual sightings are too unreliable to give real insight into its behavior. So biologists were delighted early this year when with the help o

9、f the Navy they were able to track a particular blue whale for 33 days monitoring its sounds. This was possible because of the Navys formerly top-secret system of underwater listening devices spanning the oceans. Tracking whales is but one example of an exciting new world just opening to civilian sc

10、ientists after the cold war as the Navy starts to share and partly uncover its global network of underwater listening system built over the decades to track the ships of potential enemies. Earth scientists announced at a news conference recently that they had used the system for closely monitoring a

11、 deep-sea volcanic eruption(爆发 ) for the first time and that they plan similar studies. Other scientists have proposed to use the network for tracking ocean currents and measuring changes in ocean and global temperatures. The speed of sound in water is roughly one mile a second slower than through l

12、and but faster than through air. What is most important, different layers of ocean water can act as channels for sounds, focusing them in the same way a stethoscope(听诊器 ) does when it carries faint noises from a patients chest to a doctors ear. This focusing is the main reason that even relatively w

13、eak sounds in the ocean, especially low-frequency ones, can often travel thousands of miles. 11 The passage is chiefly about _. （ A） an effort to protect an endangered marine species （ B） the civilian use of a military detection system （ C） the exposure of a U.S. Navy top-secret weapon （ D） a new wa

14、y to look into the behavior of blue whales 12 The underwater listening system was originally designed _. （ A） to trace and locate enemy vessels （ B） to monitor deep-sea volcanic eruptions （ C） to study the movement of ocean currents （ D） to replace the global radio communications network 13 The deep

15、-sea listening system makes use of _. （ A） the sophisticated technology of focusing sounds under water （ B） the capability of sound to travel at high speed （ C） the unique property of layers of ocean water in transmitting sound （ D） low-frequency sounds travelling across different layers of water 14

16、 It can be inferred from the passage that _. （ A） new radio devices should be developed for tracking the endangered blue whales （ B） blue whales are no longer endangered with the use of the new listening system （ C） opinions differ as to whether civilian scientists should be allowed to use military

17、technology （ D） military technology has great potential in civilian use 15 Which of the following is true about the U.S. Navy underwater listening network? （ A） It is now partly accessible to civilian scientists. （ B） It has been replaced by a more advanced system. （ C） It became useless to the mili

18、tary after the cold war. （ D） It is indispensable in protecting endangered species. 16 President Coolidges statement, “The business of America is business“, still points to an important truth today that business institutions have more prestige(威望 ) in American society than any other kind of organiza

19、tion, including the government. Why do business institutions possess this great prestige? One reason is that Americans view business as being more firmly based on the ideal of competition than other institutions in society. Since competition is seen as the major source of progress and prosperity by

20、most Americans, competitive business institutions are respected. Competition is not only good in itself, it is the means by which other basic American values such as individual freedom, equality of opportunity, and hard work are protected. Competition protects the freedom of the individual by ensuri

21、ng that there is no monopoly(垄断 ) of power. In contrast to one, all-powerful government, many businesses compete against each other for profits. Theoretically, if one business tries to take unfair advantage of its customers, it will lose to competing business which treats its customers more fairly.

22、Where many businesses compete for the customers dollar, they cannot afford to treat them like inferiors or slaves. A contrast is often made between business, which is competitive, and government, which is a monopoly. Because business is competitive, many Americans believe that it is more supportive

23、of freedom than government, even though government leaders are elected by the people and business leaders are not. Many Americans believe, then, that competition is as important, or even more important, than democracy in preserving freedom. Competition in business is also believed to strengthen the

24、ideal of equality of opportunity. Competition is seen as an open and fair race where success goes to the swiftest person regardless of his or her social class background. Competitive success is commonly seen as the American alternative to social rank based on family background. Business is therefore

25、 viewed as an expression of the idea of equality of opportunity rather than the aristocratic(贵族的 ) idea of inherited privilege. 16 The statement “The business of America is business“ probably means “_“. （ A） The business institutions in America are concerned with （ B） Business problems are of great

26、importance to the American government （ C） Business is of primary concern to Americans （ D） America is a great power in world business 17 Americans believe that they can realize their personal values only _. （ A） when given equality of opportunity （ B） through doing business （ C） by protecting their

27、 individual freedom （ D） by way of competition 18 Who can benefit from business competition? （ A） Honest businessmen. （ B） Both businessmen and their customers. （ C） People with ideals of equality and freedom. （ D） Both business institutions and government. 19 Government is believed to differ striki

28、ngly from business in that government is characterized by _. （ A） its absolute control of power （ B） its function in preserving personal freedom （ C） its role in protecting basic American values （ D） its democratic way of exercising leadership 20 It can be inferred from the passage that the author b

29、elieves _. （ A） Americans are more ambitious than people in other countries （ B） in many countries success often depends on ones social status （ C） American businesses are more democratic than those in other countries （ D） businesses in other countries are not as competitive as those in America 21 B

30、razil has become one of the developing worlds great successes at reducing population growth but more by accident than design. While countries such as India have made joint efforts to reduce birth rates, Brazil has had better result without really trying, says George Martine at Harvard. Brazils popul

31、ation growth rate has dropped from 2.99% a year between 1951 and 1960 to 1.93% a year between 1981 and 1990, and Brazilian women now have only 2.7 children on average. Martine says this figure may have fallen still further since 1990, an achievement that makes it the envy of many other Third World c

32、ountries. Martine puts it down to, among other things, soap operas(通俗电视连续剧 ) and instalment(分期付款 ) plans introduced in the 1970s. Both played an important, although indirect, role in lowering the birth rate. Brazil is one of the worlds biggest producers of soap operas. Globo, Brazils most popular te

33、levision network, shows three hours of soaps six nights a week, while three others show at least one hour a night. Most soaps are based on wealthy characters living the high life in big cities. “Although they have never really tried to work in a message towards the problems of reproduction, they des

34、cribe middle and upper class values not many children, different attitudes towards sex, women working“, says Martine. “They sent this image to all parts of Brazil and made people conscious of other patterns of behavior and other values, which were put into a very attractive package“. Meanwhile, the

35、instalment plans tried to encourage the poor to become consumers. “This 1ed to an enormous change in consumption patterns and consumption was in compatible(不相容的 ) with unlimited reproduction“, says Martine. 21 According to the passage, Brazil has cut back its population growth _. （ A） by educating i

36、ts citizens （ B） by careful family planning （ C） by developing TV programmes （ D） by chance 22 According to the passage, many Third World countries _. （ A） havent attached much importance to birth control （ B） would soon join Brazil in controlling their birth rate （ C） havent yet found an effective

37、measure to control their population （ D） neglected the role of TV plays in family planning 23 The phrase “puts it down to“(Line 1, Para. 3) is closest in meaning to“ _“. （ A） attributes it to （ B） sums it up as （ C） finds it a reason for （ D） compares it to 24 Soap operas have helped in lowering Bra

38、zils birth rate because _. （ A） they keep people sitting long hours watching TV （ B） they have gradually changed peoples way of life （ C） people are drawn to their attractive package （ D） they popularize birth control measures 25 What is Martines conclusion about Brazils population growth? （ A） The

39、increase in birth rate will promote consumption. （ B） The desire for consumption helps to reduce birth rate. （ C） Consumption patterns and reproduction patterns are contradictory. （ D） A countrys production is limited by its population growth. 26 According to a survey, which was based on the respons

40、es of over 188,000 students, todays traditional-age college freshmen are “more materialistic and less altruistic(利他主义的 )“than at any time in the 17 years of the poll. Not surprising in these hard times, the students major objective “is to be financially well off. Less important than ever is developi

41、ng a meaningful philosophy of life“. It follows then that today the most popular course is not literature or history but accounting. Interest in teaching, social service and the “altruistic“ fields is at a low. On the other hand, enrollment in business programs, engineering and computer science is w

42、ay up. Thats no surprise either. A friend of mine (a sales representative for a chemical company) was making twice the salary of her college instructors her first year on the job even before she completed her two-year associate degree. While its true that we all need a career, it is equally true tha

43、t our civilization has accumulated an incredible amount of knowledge in fields far removed from our own and that we are better for our understanding of these other contributions- be they scientific or artistic. It is equally true that, in studying the diverse wisdom of others, we learn how to think.

44、 More important, perhaps, education teaches us to see the connections between things, as well as to see beyond our immediate needs. Weekly we read of unions who went on strike for higher wages, only to drive their employer out of business. No company; no job. How shortsighted in the long run! But th

45、e most important argument for a broad education is that in studying the accumulated wisdom of the ages, we improve our moral sense. I saw a cartoon recently which shows a group of businessmen looking puzzled as they sit around a conference table; one of them is talking on the intercom(对讲机 ): “Miss B

46、axter“, he says, “could you please send in someone who can distinguish right from wrong?“ From the long-term point of view, thats what education really ought to be about. 26 According to the authors observation, college students _. （ A） have never been so materialistic as today （ B） have never been

47、so interested in the arts （ C） have never been so financially well off as today （ D） have never attached so much importance to mutual sense 27 The students criteria for selecting majors today have much to do with _. （ A） the influences of their instructors （ B） the financial goals they seek in life

48、（ C） their own interpretations of the courses （ D） their understanding of the contributions of others 28 By saying “While its true thatbe they scientific or artistic“ (Lines 1-3, Para. 5), the author means that _. （ A） business management should be included in educational programs （ B） human wisdom

49、has accumulated at an extraordinarily high speed （ C） human intellectual development has reached new heights （ D） the importance of a broad education should not be overlooked 29 Studying the diverse wisdom of others can _. （ A） create varying artistic interests （ B） help people see things in their right perspective （ C） help improve connections among people （ D） regulate the behavior of modern people 30 Which of the follow