[考研类试卷]GCT工程硕士（英语）模拟试卷18及答案与解析.doc

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1、GCT工程硕士（英语）模拟试卷 18及答案与解析 一、 Part I Vocabulary and Structure Directions: There are ten incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the

2、 center. 1 The car _ halfway for no reason. （ A） broke off （ B） broke down （ C） broke up （ D） broke out 2 We need a chairman _. （ A） for whom everyone has confidence （ B） in whom everyone has confidence （ C） who everyone has confidence of （ D） whom everyone has confidence on 3 A _ to this problem is

3、 expected to be found before long. （ A） result （ B） response （ C） settlement （ D） solution 4 The hopes, goals, fears and desires _ widely between men and women, between the rich and the poor. （ A） alter （ B） shift （ C） transfer （ D） vary 5 We have been told that under no circumstances_ the telephone

4、 in the office for personal affairs. （ A） may we use （ B） we may use （ C） we could use （ D） did we use 6 When he arrived, he found _ the aged and the sick at home. （ A） none but （ B） none other than （ C） nothing but （ D） no other than 7 I suggested he should _ himself to his new conditions. （ A） ada

5、pt （ B） adopt （ C） regulate （ D） suit 8 Remember that customers dont_ about prices in that city. （ A） debate （ B） consult （ C） dispute （ D） bargain 9 Research findings show we spend about two hours dreaming every night, no matter what we_ during the day. （ A） should have done （ B） would have done （

6、C） may have done （ D） must have done 10 Frequently single-parent children _ some of the functions that the absent adult in the house would have served. （ A） take off （ B） take after （ C） take in （ D） take on 二、 Part II Reading Comprehension Directions: In this part there are four passages, each foll

7、owed by five questions or unfinished statements. For each of them, there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the best one and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center. 11 The beat generation mainly referred to the youth who were born and brought up around

8、 the Second World War. They showed their disdain(蔑视，轻视 ) for almost everything traditional, such as government authority, respect for parents, ones duty, moral standards, and traditional customs. They developed a kind of absolute individualism and liberty. They preferred long hair, mini dresses or c

9、lose fitting clothes to show off the figure. They advocated freedom of sex and cohabitation(同居 ). Their influence could be seen from the fact that about one third of the American couples living together were not married by law. And the divorce rate was very high. The endless US wars abroad and sharp

10、 class straggle at home caused many American youths to develop a kind of cynicism. They doubted the existing social system, possibility of harmonious(和谐的 ) human relations, and the long honored standard for correct behavior. They felt society overlooked their needs. Therefore, they refused to do any

11、 duty that was required of them by society. They declared “Dont believe anyone over thirty“. All this came from the sick society. Its wrong to imagine they all fought against capitalism in support of revolutionary things. Some of their ideas were even more decadent(颓废的 ) and impractical. It was an a

12、bnormal phenomenon in an abnormal society. 11 Based on the passage, how many of one hundred and twenty American Couples of the beat generation practiced cohabitation? （ A） about 20 couples. （ B） about 30 couples. （ C） about 60 couples. （ D） about 40 couples. 12 Which of the following is TRUE accordi

13、ng to the passage? （ A） The beat generation refused to do any duty. （ B） The beat generation was in support of almost everything traditional. （ C） The beat generation believes no one except that he is over thirty. （ D） The beat generations ideas were not impractical. 13 Cynicism in this passage most

14、 probably means _. （ A） a state of mind against realism （ B） a state of mind doubting everything in existence （ C） a theory advocating mutual help （ D） a theory advocating individualism 14 The reason why the beat generation refused to cooperate with society was _. （ A） they had no interest （ B） they

15、 found hard to cooperate with it （ C） the laws block their way to do so （ D） they thought their need was neglected 15 This passage is mainly about _. （ A） the young Americans （ B） the generation gap （ C） the education of the young （ D） an American social phenomenon 16 Do you find getting up in the m

16、orning so difficult that its painful? This might be called laziness, but Dr. Kleitman has a new explanation. He has proved that everyone has a daily energy cycle. During the hours when you labor through your work may say that youre “hot“. Thats true. The time of day when you feel most energetic is w

17、hen your cycle of body temperature is at its peak. For some people the peak comes during the forenoon. For others it comes in the afternoon or evening. No one has discovered why this is so, but it leads to such familiar monologues(独白 ) as: “Get up, John! Youll be late for work again!“ The possible e

18、xplanation to the trouble is that John is at his temperature-and-energy peak in the evening. Much family quarreling ends when husbands and wives realize what these energy cycles mean, and which cycle each member of the family has. You cant change your energy cycle, but you can learn to make your lif

19、e fit it better. Habit can help, Dr. Kleitman believes. Maybe youre sleepy in the evening but feel you must stay up late anyway. Counteract(阻碍 ) your cycle to some extent by habitually staying up later than you want to. If your energy is low in the morning but you have an important job to do early i

20、n the day, rise before your usual hour. This wont change your cycle, but youll get up steam and work better at your low point. Get off to a slow start which saves your energy. Get up with a leisurely yawn(哈欠 ) and stretch. Sit on the edge of the bed a minute before putting your feet on the floor. Av

21、oid the troublesome search for clean clothes by laying them out the night before. Whenever possible, do routine work in the afternoon and save tasks requiring more energy or concentration for your sharper hours. 16 If a person finds getting up early a problem, most probably _. （ A） he is a lazy pers

22、on （ B） he is not sure why his energy is low （ C） he refuses to follow his own energy cycle （ D） he is at his peak in the afternoon or evening 17 Which of the following may lead to family quarrels according to the passage? （ A） Familiar monologues. （ B） Unawareness of energy cycles. （ C） A change in

23、 a family members energy cycle. （ D） Attempts to control the energy cycle of other family members. 18 If one wants to work more efficiently at his low point in the morning, he should _. （ A） go to bed earlier （ B） overcome his laziness （ C） change his energy cycle （ D） get up earlier than usual 19 Y

24、ou are advised to rise with a yawn and stretch because it will _. （ A） help to keep your energy for the days work （ B） keep your energy cycle under control all day （ C） help you to control your temper early in the day （ D） enable you to concentrate on your routine work 20 All the following statement

25、s are true EXCEPT that _. （ A） getting off to work with a minimum effort helps save ones energy （ B） many couples quarrel because they dont understand the energy cycle （ C） people cant change the energy cycle, but they can adapt themselves to it （ D） Dr. Kleitman can explain why people feel most ene

26、rgetic at different time in a day 21 Within fifteen years Britain and other nations should be well on with the building of huge industrial complexes for the recycling of waste. The word rubbish could lose its meaning because everything that goes into the dumps would be made into something useful. Ev

27、en the most dangerous and unpleasant wastes would provide energy if nothing else. The latest project is to take a city of around half a million inhabitants and discover exactly what raw materials go into it and what go out. The aim is to find out how much of these raw materials could be provided if

28、a plant for recycling waste were built just outside the city. This plant would recycle not only metal such as steel, lead and copper, but also paper and rubber as well. Another new project is being set up to discover the best ways of sorting and separating the rubbish. When this project is complete,

29、 the rubbish will be processed like this: first, it will pass through sharp metal bars which will tear open the plastic bags in which rubbish is usually packed; then it will pass through a powerful fan to separate the lightest elements from the heavy solids; after that grounders and rollers break up

30、 everything that can be broken. Finally the rubbish will pass under magnets, which will remove the bits of iron and steel; the rubber and plastic will then be sorted out in the final stage. The first full scale giant recycling plants are, perhaps, fifteen years away. Indeed, with the growing cost of

31、 transporting rubbish to more distant dumps, some big cities will-be forced to build their own recycling plants before long. 21 The main purpose of the passage is _. （ A） to show us a future way of recycling wastes （ B） to tell the importance of recycling wastes （ C） to warn people the danger of som

32、e wastes （ D） to introduce a new recycling plant 22 How many stages are there in the recycling process? （ A） 3. （ B） 4. （ C） 5. （ D） 6. 23 What is the main mason for big cities to build their own recycling plants? （ A） To deal with wastes in a better way. （ B） Its a good way to gain profits. （ C） It

33、s more economical than to dump wastes in some distant places. （ D） Energy can be got at a lower price. 24 The first full-scale huge recycling plants _. （ A） have been in existence for 15 years （ B） takes 15 years to build （ C） cant be built until 15 years later （ D） will remain functioning for 15 ye

34、ars 25 Which of the following statements is TRUE? （ A） The word “rubbish“ will soon disappear from dictionaries. （ B） Dangerous wastes can be recycled into nothing but energy. （ C） To recycle paper and rubber will still be impossible even with the new recycling methods. （ D） Big cities will soon hav

35、e their own recycling plants. 26 The comprehension passages on this course are designed to help you increase your speed. A higher reading rate, with no loss of comprehension, will help you in other subjects as well as English, and the general principles apply to any language. Naturally, you will rea

36、d every book at the same speed. You would expect to read a newspaper, fox example, much more rapidly than a physics or economics textbook but you can raise your average reading speed over the whole range of materials you wish to cover so that the percentage gain will be the same whatever kind of rea

37、ding you are concerned with. The reading passages which follow are all of an average level of difficulty for your stage of instruction. If you get to the point where you can read books of average difficulty at between 40 and 50 w.p.m. with 70% or more comprehension, you will be doing quite well, tho

38、ugh of course any further improvement of speed with comprehension will be a good thing. When you practise reading with passages shorter than book length, do not try to take in each word separately, one after the other. It is much more difficult to grasp the broad theme of the passage this way, and y

39、ou will also get stuck on individual words which may not be absolutely essential to a general understanding of the passage. It is a good idea to skim through the passage very quickly first (say 500 words in a minute or so) to get the general idea of each paragraph. Titles, paragraph headings and emp

40、hasized words (underlined or in italics) can be a great help in getting this skeleton outline of the passage. 26 Provided there is no loss understanding, a higher reading speed will help in _. （ A） English （ B） physics （ C） other subjects as well as English （ D） economics 27 You would expect to read

41、 a physics textbook _. （ A） at the same speed as you read a funny story （ B） much more rapidly than a newspaper （ C） as slowly as you read Austens novel Pride and Prejudice （ D） much more slowly than a newspaper 28 To do the most effective reading, you should _. （ A） try every possible means to incr

42、ease your reading rate （ B） above all improve your comprehension of the text （ C） hunt for whatever is implied in the reading material （ D） increase your reading speed and improve your understanding 29 The author suggests that you should not read passages word by word because _. （ A） it is not neces

43、sary to do so （ B） it might simply slow down your reading speed （ C） it might be more difficult to catch the general idea of the passages （ D） it will result in misunderstanding 30 Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage? （ A） You are expected to read various kinds of mate

44、rials at the same rate. （ B） A great deal of specialized knowledge is required to read books of general interest. （ C） Titles, introduction and paragraph heading are of great help for grasping the overview of the text. （ D） It is less likely that you can raise your average reading rate over the whol

45、e range of materials you wish to cover within a short time. 三、 Part III Cloze Directions: There are ten blanks in the following passage. For each numbered blank, there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the c

46、enter. 31 It is difficult to imagine what life would be like without memory. The meanings of thousands of everyday perceptions, the bases【 B1】 the decisions we make, and the roots of our habits and skills are to be【 B2】 in our past experiences, which are brought into the present【 B3】 memory. Memory

47、can be defined as the capacity to keep【 B4】 available for later use. It includes not only “remembering“ thing like arithmetic or historical facts, but also any change in the way an animal typically behaves. Memory is【 B5】 when a rat gives up eating grain because he has sniffed something suspicious i

48、n the grain pile. Memory is also involved when a six year old child learns to swing a baseball bat. Memory【 B6】 not only in humans and animals but also in some physical objects and machines. Computers, for example, contain devices for storing data for later use. It is interesting to compare the memo

49、ry storage capacity of a computer【 B7】 that of a human being. The instant access memory of a large computer may hold up to 100 000 “words“ ready for【 B8】 use. An average American teenager probably recognizes the meanings of about 100 000 words of English. However, this is but a fraction of the total【 B9】 of information which the teenager has stored. Consider, for example, the number of facts and places that the teenager can recognize on sight. The u