[考研类试卷]2010年管理类专业学位联考（英语）真题试卷及答案与解析.doc

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1、2010年管理类专业学位联考（英语）真题试卷及答案与解析 一、 Section II Cloze Directions: Read the following passage. For each numbered blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. choices the best one and mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. 0 The outbreak of swine flu that was first detected in Mexico was declared a glo

2、bal epidemic on June 11,2009 It is the first worldwide epidemic【 1】 by the World Health Organization in 41 years. The heightened alert【 2】 an emergency meeting with flu experts in Geneva that assembled after a sharp rise in cases in Australia, and rising【 3】 in Britain, Japan, Chile and elsewhere. B

3、ut the epidemic is “【 4】 “ in severity, according to Margaret Chan, the organizations director general,【 5】 the overwhelming majority of patients experiencing only mild symptoms and a full recovery, often in the【 6】 of any medical treatment. The outbreak came to global【 7】 in late April 2009, when M

4、exican authorities noted an unusually large number of hospitalizations and deaths【 8】 healthy adults. As much of Mexico City shut down at the height of a panic, cases began to【 9】 in New York City, the southwestern United States and around the world. In the United States, new cases seemed to fade【 1

5、0】 warmer weather arrived. But in late September 2009, officials reported there was【 11】 flu activity in almost every state and that virtually all the【 12】 tested are the new swine flu, also known as (A) H1N1, not seasonal flu. In the U. S. , it has【 13】 more than one million people, and caused more

6、 than 600 deaths and more than 6,000 hospitalizations. Federal health officials【 14】 Tamiflu for children from the national stockpile and began【 15】 orders from the states for the new swine flu vaccine. The new vaccine, which is different from the annual flu vaccine, is【 16】 ahead of expectations. M

7、ore than three million doses were to be made available in early October 2009, though most of those【 17】 dose were of the FluMist nasal spray type, which is not【 18】 for pregnant women, people over 50 or those with breathing difficulties, heart disease or several other【 19】 . But it was still possibl

8、e to vaccinate people in other high-risk groups: health care workers, people【 20】 infants and healthy young people. （ A） criticized （ B） appointed （ C） commented （ D） designated （ A） proceeded （ B） activated （ C） followed （ D） prompted （ A） digits （ B） numbers （ C） amounts （ D） sums （ A） moderate （

9、B） normal （ C） unusual （ D） extreme （ A） with （ B） in （ C） from （ D） by （ A） progress （ B） absence （ C） presence （ D） favor （ A） reality （ B） phenomenon （ C） concept （ D） notice （ A） over （ B） for （ C） among （ D） to （ A） stay up （ B） crop up （ C） fill up （ D） cover up （ A） as （ B） if （ C） unless （ D

10、） until （ A） excessive （ B） enormous （ C） significant （ D） magnificent （ A） categories （ B） examples （ C） patterns （ D） samples （ A） imparted （ B） immersed （ C） injected （ D） infected （ A） released （ B） relayed （ C） relieved （ D） remained （ A） placing （ B） delivering （ C） taking （ D） giving （ A） fea

11、sible （ B） available （ C） reliable （ D） applicable （ A） prevalent （ B） principal （ C） innovative （ D） initial （ A） presented （ B） restricted （ C） recommended （ D） introduced （ A） problems （ B） issues （ C） agonies （ D） sufferings （ A） involved in （ B） caring for （ C） concerned with （ D） warding off 二

12、、 Section III Reading Comprehension Directions: Read the following four passages. Answer the questions below each passage by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. 20 The longest bull run in a century of art-market history ended on a dramatic note with a sale of 56 works by Dami

13、en Hirst, Beautiful Inside My Head Forever, at Sothebys in London on September 15th, 2008 All but two pieces sold, fetching more than 70m, a record for a sale by a single artist. It was a last victory. As the auctioneer called out bids, in New York one of the oldest banks on Wall Street, Lehman Brot

14、her, filed for bankruptcy. The world art market had already been losing momentum for a while after rising bewilderingly since 2003 At its peak in 2007 it was worth some $ 65 billion, reckons Clare McAndrew, founder of art Economics, a research firm-double the figure five year earlier. Since then it

15、may have come down to $ 50 billion. But the market generates interest far beyond its size because it brings together great wealth, enormous egos, greed, passion and controversy in a way matched by few other industries. In the weeks and months that followed Mr Hirsts sale, spending of any sort became

16、 deeply unfashionable. In the art world that meant collectors stayed away from galleries and salerooms. Sales of contemporary art fell by two-thirds, and in the most overheated sector, they were down by nearly 90% in the year to November 2008 Within weeks the worlds two biggest auction houses, Sothe

17、bys and Christies, had to pay out nearly $ 200m in guarantees to clients who had placed works for sale with them. The current downturn in the art market is the worst since the Japanese stopped buying Impressionist at the end of 1989 This time experts reckon that prices are about 40% down on their pe

18、ak on average, though some have been far more fluctuant. But Edward Dolman, Christies chief executive, says: “Im pretty confident were at the bottom. “ What makes this slump different from the last, he says, is that there are still buyers in the market. Almost everyone who was interviewed for this s

19、pecial report said that the biggest problem at the moment is not a lack of demand but a lack of good work to sell. The three Ds-death, debt and divorce-still deliver works of art to the market. But anyone who does not have to sell is keeping away, waiting for confidence to return. 21 In the first pa

20、ragraph, Damien Hirsts sale was referred to as “a last victory“ because_. （ A） the art marker had witnessed a succession of victories （ B） the auctioneer finally got the two pieces at the highest bids （ C） Beautiful inside My Head Forever won over all masterpieces （ D） it was successfully made just

21、before the world financial crisis 22 By saying “spending of any sort became deeply unfashionable“ (Lines 1-2, Para. 3), the author suggests that_. （ A） collectors were no longer actively involved in art-market auctions （ B） people stopped every kind of spending and stayed away from galleries （ C） ar

22、t collection as a fashion had lost its appeal to a great extent （ D） works of art in general had gone out of fashion so they were not worth buying 23 Which of the following statements is NOT true? （ A） Sales of contemporary art fell dramatically from 2007 to 2008 （ B） The art market surpassed many o

23、ther industries in momentum. （ C） The art market generally went downward in various ways. （ D） Some art dealers were awaiting better chances to come. 24 The three Ds mentioned in the last paragraph are_. （ A） auction houses favorites （ B） contemporary trends （ C） factors promoting artwork circulatio

24、n （ D） styXes representing Impressionists 25 The most appropriate title for this text could be_. （ A） Fluctuation of Art prices （ B） Up-to-date Art Auctions （ C） Art Market in Decline （ D） Shifted Interest in Arts 25 I was addressing a small gathering in a suburban Virginia living room-a womens grou

25、p that had invited men to join them. Throughout the evening, one man had been particularly talkative, frequently offering ideas and anecdotes, while his wife sat silently beside him on the couch. Toward the end of the evening, I commented that women frequently complain that their husbands dont talk

26、to them. This man quickly nodded in agreement. He gestured toward his wife and said, “Shes the talker in our family. “ The room burst into laughter; the man looked puzzled and hurt. “Its true,“ he explained. “ When I come home from work I have nothing to say. If she didnt keep the conversation going

27、, wed spend the whole evening in silence. “ This episode crystallizes the irony that although American men tend to taXk more than women in public situations, they often talk less at home. And this pattern is wreaking havoc with marriage. The pattern was observed by political scientist Andrew Hacker

28、in the late 1970s. Sociologist Catherine Kohler Riessman reports in her new book Divorce Talk that most of the women she interviewed-but only a few of the men-gave lack of communication as the reason for their divorces. Given the current divorce rate of nearly 50 percent, that amounts to millions of

29、 cases in the United States every year-a virtual epidemic of failed conversation. In my own research, complaints from women about their husbands most often focused not on tangible inequities such as having given up the chance for a career to accompany a husband to his, or doing far more than their s

30、hare of daily life-support work like cleaning, cooking and social arrangements. Instead, they focused on communication: “He doesnt listen to me. “ “He doesnt talk to me. “ I found, as Hacker observed years before, that most wives want their husbands to be, first and foremost, conversational partners

31、, but few husbands share this expectation of their wives. In short, the image that best represents the current crisis is the stereotypical cartoon scene of a man sitting at the breakfast table with a newspaper held up in front of his face, while a woman glares at the back of it, wanting to talk. 26

32、What is most wives main expectation of their husbands? （ A） Talking to them. （ B） Trusting them. （ C） Supporting their careers. （ D） Sharing housework. 27 Judging from the context the phrase “wreaking havoc“ (Line 3, Para. 2) most probably means_. （ A） generating motivation （ B） exerting influence （

33、 C） causing damage （ D） creating pressure 28 All of the following are true EXCEPT_. （ A） men tend to talk more in public than women （ B） nearly 50 percent of recent divorces are caused by failed conversation （ C） women attach much importance to communication between couples （ D） a female tends to be

34、 more talkative at home than her spouse 29 Which of the following can best summarize the main idea of this text? （ A） The moral decaying deserves more research by sociologists. （ B） Marriage break-up stems from sex inequalities. （ C） Husband and wife have different expectations from their marriage.

35、（ D） Conversational patterns between man and wife are different. 30 In the following part immediately after this text, the author will most probably focus on_. （ A） a vivid account of the new book Divorce Talk （ B） a detailed description of the stereotypical cartoon （ C） other possible reasons for a

36、 high divorce rate in the US （ D） a brief introduction to the political scientist Andrew Hacker 30 Over the past decade, many companies had perfected the art of creating automatic behaviors-habits-among consumers. These habits have helped companies earn billions of dollars when customers eat snacks

37、or wipe counters almost without thinking, often in response to a carefully designed set of daily cues. “There are fundamental public health problems, like dirty hands instead of a soap habit, that remain killers only because we cant figure out how to change peoples habit,“ said Dr. Curtis, the direc

38、tor the Hygiene Center at the London School of Hygiene Tropical Medicine. “ We wanted to learn from private industry how to create new behaviors that happen automatically. “ The companies that Dr. Curtis turned to-Procter Gamble, Colgate-Palmolive and Unilever-had invested hundreds of millions of do

39、llars finding the subtle cues in consumers lives that corporations could use to introduce new routines. If you look hard enough, youll find that many of the products we use every day-chewing gums, skin moisturizers, disinfecting wipes, air fresheners, water purifiers, health snacks, teeth whiteners,

40、 fabric softeners, vitamins are results of manufactured habits. A century ago, few people regularly brushed their teeth multiple times a day. Today, because of shrewd advertising and public health campaigns, many Americans habitually give their pearly whites a cavity- preventing scrub twice a day, o

41、ften with Colgate, Crest or one of the other brands. A few decades ago, many people didnt drink water outside of a meal. Then beverage companies started bottling the production of far-off springs, and now office workers unthinkingly sip bottled water all day long. Chewing gum, once bought primarily

42、by adolescent boys, is now featured in commercials as a breath freshener and teeth cleanser for use after a meal. Skin moisturizers are advertised as part of morning beauty rituals, slipped in between hair brushing and putting on makeup. “Our products succeed when they become part of daily or weekly

43、 patterns“, said Carol Berning, a consumer psychologist who recently retired from Procter Gamble, the company that sold $76 billion of Tide, Crest and other products last year. “Creating positive habit is a huge part of improving our consumers lives, and its essential to making new products commerci

44、ally viable. “ Through experiments and observation, social scientists like Dr. Berning have learned that there is power in tying certain behaviors to habitual cues through ruthless advertising. As this new science of habit has emerged, controversies have erupted when the tactics have been used to se

45、ll questionable beauty creams or unhealthy foods. 31 According to Dr. Curtis, habits like hand washing with soap_. （ A） should be further cultivated （ B） should be changed gradually （ C） are deeply rooted in history （ D） arc basically private concern 32 Bottled water, chewing gum and skin moisturize

46、rs are mentioned in Paragraph 5 so as to_. （ A） reveal their impact on peoples habits （ B） show the urgent need of daily necessities （ C） indicate their effect on peoples buying power （ D） manifest the significant role of good habits 33 Which of the following does NOT belong to products that help cr

47、eate peoples habits? （ A） Tide （ B） Crest （ C） Colgate （ D） Unilever 34 From the text we know that some of consumers habits are developed due to_. （ A） perfected art of products （ B） automatic behavior creation （ C） commercial promotions （ D） scientific experiments 35 The authors attitude toward the

48、 influence of advertisement on peoples habits is_. （ A） indifferent （ B） negative （ C） positive （ D） biased 35 Many Americans regard the jury system as a concrete expression of crucial democratic values, including the principles that all citizens who meet minimal qualifications of age and literacy a

49、re equally competent to serve on juries; that jurors should be selected randomly from a representative cross section of the community; that no citizen should be denied the right to serve on a jury on account of race, religion, sex, or national origin ; that defendants are entitled to trial by their peers; and that verdicts should represent the conscience of the community and not just the letter of the law. The jury is also said to be the best surviving example of direct