[考研类试卷]2009年对外经济贸易大学英语专业（基础英语）真题试卷及答案与解析.doc

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1、2009年对外经济贸易大学英语专业（基础英语）真题试卷及答案与解析 一、选择题 1 Scarcely had they settled themselves in their seats in the theatre_the curtain went up. （ A） then （ B） when （ C） than （ D） before 2 Maria hasnt begun working on her Ph.D. _working on her masters. （ A） still because she is yet （ B） yet as a result she is stil

2、l （ C） yet because she is still （ D） still while she is already 3 The tall fellow over there is_the great mathematician, Bill Williams, himself. （ A） no other but （ B） no one than （ C） no other than （ D） none other than 4 Some historians believe that John Jay could have played_in Americas history as

3、 James Madison. （ A） as an important role （ B） as important a role （ C） an important role as （ D） a role as important 5 He is_a basketball player. （ A） as good as if no better than his brother as （ B） as good as, not better than his brother like （ C） as good as if not better than his brother as for

4、（ D） as good as if not better than his brother as 6 _, the white mountain goat is an extremely sure-footed animal that escapes from its predators by living in the most rugged, rocky landscapes. （ A） Having been rarely seen （ B） Rarely to be seen （ C） Rarely seen （ D） Being rarely seen 7 _drinking an

5、d singing all night kept the neighbors from going to sleep. （ A） Bill and his friends （ B） Bill and his friends （ C） Bill and his friends （ D） Bills and his friends 8 He has just finished fixing the door, and it looks as though_a very hard job （ A） it must have been （ B） it was （ C） to be （ D） it mu

6、st be 9 I would have come to see you_, but I was so busy then. （ A） had it been possible （ B） were it possible （ C） if it were to be possible （ D） if it should have been possible 10 He put all the reference books in the cupboard_he borrowed from the library. （ A） where （ B） in that （ C） which （ D） i

7、n which 11 There is no point in setting objectives if you dont_them to your staff. （ A） pass （ B） perform （ C） communicate （ D） allocate 12 Advantages that come with a job, apart from wages or salary, are called_. （ A） profits （ B） supplements （ C） earnings （ D） benefits or perks 13 A_is one stock i

8、n a large company or corporation that is considered to be a secure investment. （ A） growth stock （ B） blue chip （ C） defensive stock （ D） mutual fund 14 A good reputation is a(n)_asset for a company. （ A） tangible （ B） intangible （ C） visible （ D） invisible 15 An expansionary and comprehensive polic

9、y package is needed to enable the U.S. economy to escape from its present_trap. （ A） inflationary （ B） brisk （ C） deflationary （ D） stagflationary 16 The economic_that hit Southeast Asia in 1997 was blamed by some on the quick retreat of Western investors. （ A） boom （ B） slump （ C） situation （ D） cy

10、cle 17 A rational consumer tends to_his or her total utility. （ A） enlarge （ B） control （ C） maximize （ D） accumulate 18 We agreed to pay for the car in five_. （ A） installments （ B） down-payments （ C） payments （ D） times 19 The_market is a little depressed now. （ A） consuming （ B） consumption （ C）

11、consumptive （ D） consumer 20 A premier brand means a(n)_brand. （ A） quality （ B） poor （ C） unknown （ D） new 二、选词填空 20 Choose the correct headings(15 points).The following passage has six paragraphs ivi. Choose the correct heading for each paragraph from the list of headings in the box. Write the cor

12、rect number a-f in the underlined blanks below.i. Once distribution to unsecured creditors occurs, the court discharges the debtor. In order to limit or deny the discharge, the creditor must prove that debtor has obtained credit by cheating practices or engaged in other prohibited behavior. Creditor

13、s can file an involuntary bankruptcy petition against a debtor, claiming that the debtor is “generally not paying“ debts, but this type of proceeding rarely occurs.ii. Secured creditors suffer no Joss because they have taken collateral security(such as a home mortgage)to ensure repayment of debts.ii

14、i. It is legal for a debtor to declare his or her inability to pay debts as they become due. Debtors may seek discharge from continuing personal liability for unsecured debts or they may attempt to reorganize financially by seeking an extended period of time in which to pay all or a proportion of th

15、eir indebtedness.iv. More than 90 percent of bankruptcy proceedings are initiated by the debtor, who files a petition with the appropriate federal court. A bankruptcy trustee then collects and liquidates the debtors nonexempt property for the benefit of the unsecured creditors.v. During one period i

16、n ancient Rome, creditors were entitled literally to divide a debtors body or to enslave debtors and their families. Under the laws of England in the reign of King James I, debtors who were unable to explain their inability to pay were placed in the public pillory. Debtors might be put to death if t

17、heir failure to pay their creditors was due to cheating practices.vi. Since the late 19th century, bankruptcy legislation in the U.S. has evolved to permit persons who are unable to pay their unsecured debts to be discharged from that responsibility if they were willing to liquidate their nonexempt

18、property for ratable distribution among unsecured creditors. 21 Paragraph i_ 22 Paragraph ii_ 23 Paragraph iii_ 24 Paragraph iv_ 25 Paragraph v _ 26 Paragraph vi_ 三、阅读理解 26 By far the most important challenge to a humanist philosophy, however, is that coming from the field of ethics. For the belief

19、in an afterlife, in which a persons moral performance in this life is infallibly judged and brought to justice, provides impressive supernatural backing for a societys conventional morality. The decline of this belief exposes the merely conventional character of such a morality. Its various restrict

20、ions are then no longer accepted as inescapable and the question why they shouldnt be evaded when this is advantageous begins to loom large. And since it seems impossible to distinguish the eliminable flaws of a given conventional morality from the essential flaws of any morality whatever, it is dif

21、ficult to resist the conclusion that now the devil is dead, we can do what we like. In the absence of adequate reasons for accepting such a conventional morality, and of an indubitable method for arriving at moral precepts which everyone can see to be compelling, the natural response is skepticism,

22、cynicism, hypocrisy, and the unbridled pursuit of what makes a life worth living. If humanism is to meet this challenge, it must show whether and why moralities are necessary, what benefits they confer on us and what harm they prevent, how their content must be determined, and why a person should be

23、 moral even when that runs counter to his best interest. Our first problem is this. If, in the absence of supernatural beliefs, the voices of conscience, of the moral sense, and of intuition are only the impressively dressed-up demands of our society, then these voices cannot tell us what is right a

24、nd what is wrong in a sense which provides an adequate reason for doing what is right and refraining from doing what is wrong. How then can we find out what is really right and what is merely supposed so by our society? The only alternative to theories based on intuition, it seems, are theories whic

25、h base our knowledge of right and wrong on some form of calculation. The two most popular candidates are egoism and utilitarianism. The former maintains that each individual can tell what it would be right for him to do by calculating what would be in his best interest. This is, at first sight, an a

26、ttractive view. It is internally consistent, rational, and brutally honest. It does not enmesh us in the problems of why a person should be moral when being so is contrary to his best interest. Questions 1-5: Read Passage 1 and fill in the five blanks according to the word limit given if there is an

27、y. 27 A societys conventional morality is supported by_. 28 When a different supernatural moral supervisor disappears, then it is tempting for people to evade the different_.(2 words) 29 A host of evils will arise if one cannot find convincing_.(2 words) 30 The author of this passage seems to doubt

28、the sufficiency of the_for guiding us in the task of distinguishing between_.(3 words) 31 _examines moral options by considering their relevance to ones_. 31 For decades, people had continued to pay down mortgages until their last cent was spent. Now, increasing numbers were giving up their homes ev

29、en as they continued to service other debts. Faced with a plunge in house prices across the US something that has not happened since the Great Depression of the 1930s the mortgage industry is already dealing with a surge in the numbers of people defaulting on their payments. The concern is that the

30、losses on risky subprime mortgages could soon swell further as people with good credit histories decide it is not Worth continuing to make payments on houses now worth less than the loan. House prices in the US are already 20 percent from the 2006 highs and are forecast to keep falling. For many, es

31、pecially those who have put little of their own money into a house, sending back the keys could be perfectly rational. The practice has been given a name in the industry “jingle mail“ and there are even companies specializing in helping people with the decision. Y, one such service, almost makes it

32、sound an alluring prospect: “What if you could live payment-free for up to eight months or more and walk away without owing a periny?“ the website asks. Larry Rosenberger, arguably one of the most experienced crunchers of consumer debt statistics around, was meeting the consortium of mortgage lender

33、s to talk about analyzing their data for clues about which peoples negative equity could be expected to keep paying down their mortgages. “They said: Were getting killed with losses, can we figure out more accurately who will do what, so we can be more accommodating with some borrowers but not with

34、others,“ Mr. Rosenberger says. The accuracy of the models used by the likes of Mr. Rosenberger to flag good and bad customers could make a huge difference to the losses that lenders eventually have to absorb losses that will, in turn, determine the availability of fresh funds for new loans. His appr

35、oach was to seek clues to peoples future actions in their past behavior. For example, people with children at local schools may be less likely to walk away than people without school-age children. People with mortgages on second homes may be more likely to give up the investment. Questions 6-10: Rea

36、d Passage 2 and choose the correct answers. 32 Which of the following is NOT true according to Paragraph 1? （ A） The pattern that people pay down mortgages has changed recently. （ B） The last time that house prices dropped so rapidly was the Great Depression. （ C） People stop paying mortgages for no

37、t only houses but also everything else. （ D） The mortgage industry is facing a big challenge because people can no longer pay their debts. 33 People stop paying house mortgages because_. （ A） they find that their houses are worth less than the loan （ B） their credit cards are closed and they have go

38、ne bankruptcy （ C） they do not have a good credit history and fail to get the loan （ D） they can live in the house without paying anything 34 The worrying situation m mortgage industry_. （ A） is accompanied by a new mailing service called “jingle mail“ （ B） is worsened by the new business such as Y

39、（ C） is caused by those people who have invested little in housing （ D） can be changed if people become more rational and law-abiding 35 What do you think Larry Rosenberger does? （ A） He crunches consumers so that they will pay their debts. （ B） He provides borrowers financial information to mortgag

40、e lenders. （ C） He analyses the lenders data to predict what customers will do. （ D） He uses his experience to help the lenders avoid risks. 36 What does the underlined word “flag“ mean in Paragraph 4? （ A） A symbol （ B） A signal （ C） To identify （ D） To attract 36 Writing as a Native American My wr

41、iting in my late teens and early adulthood was fashioned after the U.S. short stories and poetry taught in the high schools of the 1940s and 1950s, but by the 1960s, after I had gone to college and dropped out and served in the military, I began to develop topics and themes from my Native American b

42、ackground. The experience in my village of Deetziyarnah and Acoma Pueblo was readily accessible. I had grown up within the oral tradition of speech, social and religious ritual, elders counsel and advice, countless and endless stories, everyday events, and the visual art that was symbolically repres

43、entative of life all around. My mother was a potter of the well-known Acoma clayware, a traditional art form that had been passed to her from her mother and the generations of mothers before. My father carved figures from wood and did beadwork. This was not unusual, as Native American people know; t

44、here was always some kind of artistic endeavor that people set themselves to, although they did not necessarily articulate it as “Art“ in the sense of Western civilization. One lived and expressed an artful life, whether it was in ceremonial singing and dancing, architecture, painting, speaking, or

45、in the way ones social-cultural life was structured. When I turned my attention to my own heritage, I did so because this was my identity, the substance of who I was, and I wanted to write about what that meant. My desire was to write about the integrity and dignity of a Native American identity, an

46、d at the same time I wanted to look at what this was within the context of an America that had too often denied its Native American heritage. To a great extent my writing has a natural political-cultural bent simply because I was nurtured intellectually and emotionally within an atmosphere of Native

47、 American resistance. The Acoma Pueblo, despite losing much of their land and surrounded by a foreign civilization, have not lost sight of their native heritage. This is the factual case with most other Native American peoples, and the clear explanation for this has been the fight-back we have found

48、 it necessary to wage. At times, in the past, it was outright armed struggle; currently, it is often in the legal arena, and it is in the field of literature: In 1981, when I was invited to the White House for an event celebrating American poets and poetry, I did not immediately accept the invitatio

49、n. I questioned myself about the possibility that 1 was merely being exploited as an Indian, and I hedged against accepting. But then I recalled the elders going among our people in the poor days of the 1950s, asking for donations a dollar here and there, a sheep, perhaps a piece of pottery in order to finance a trip to the nations capital. They