[外语类试卷]阅读理解（语义理解题）强化练习试卷1及答案与解析.doc

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1、阅读理解（语义理解题）强化练习试卷 1及答案与解析 一、 Part I Reading Comprehension (30%) Directions: There are three passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corr

2、esponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. 0 The agriculture revolution in the nineteenth century involved two things; the invention of labor-saving machinery and the development of scientific agriculture. Labor-saving machinery naturally appeared first where labor w

3、as scarce. “ In Europe“, said Thomas Jefferson, “the object is to make the most of their land, labor being sufficient; here it is to make the most of our labor, land being abundant. “ It was in America, therefore, that the great advances in nineteenth-century agricultural machinery first came. At th

4、e opening of the century, with the exception of a crude (粗糙的 ) plow, farmers could have carried practically all of the existing agricultural tools on their backs. By 1860, most of the machinery in use today had been designed in an early form. The most important of the early inventions was the iron p

5、low. As early as 1890 Charles Newbolt of New Jersey had been working on the idea of a cast-iron plow and spent his entire fortune in introducing his invention. The farmers, however, would have none of it, claiming that the iron poisoned the soil and made the weeds grow. Nevertheless, many people dev

6、oted their attention to the plow, until in 1896, James Oliver of South Bend, Indiana, turned out the first chilled-steel plow. 1 The word “here“ (Line 4, Para, 1) refers to_. （ A） Europe （ B） America （ C） New Jersey （ D） Indiana 2 Which of the following statements is NOT true? （ A） The need for labo

7、r helped the invention of machinery in America. （ B） The farmer rejected Charles Newbolts plow for fear of ruin of their fields. （ C） Both Europe and America had great need for farm machinery. （ D） It was in Indiana that the first chilled-steel plow was produced. 3 The passage is mainly about_. （ A）

8、 the agriculture revolution （ B） the invention of labor-saving machinery （ C） the development of scientific agriculture （ D） the farming machinery in America 4 At the opening of the nineteenth-century, farmers in America_. （ A） preferred light tools （ B） were extremely self-reliant (自给的 ) （ C） had m

9、any tools; （ D） had very few tools 5 It is implied but not stated in the passage that （ A） there was a shortage of workers on American farms （ B） the most important of the early invention was the iron plow （ C） after 1869, many people devoted their attention to the plow （ D） Charles Newbolt had made

10、 a fortune by his cast-iron plow 5 After a busy day of work and play, the body needs to rest. Sleep is necessary for good health. During this time， the body recovers from the activities of the previous day. The rest that you get while sleeping enables your body to prepare itself for the next day. Th

11、ere are four levels of sleep, each being a little deeper than the one before. As you sleep, your muscles relax little by, little. Your heart beats more slowly, and your brain slows down. After you reach the fourth level, your body shifts back and forth from one level of sleep to the other. Although

12、your mind slows down, from time to time you will dream. Scientists who study sleep state that when dreaming occurs, your eyeballs begin to move more quickly (although your eyelids are closed). This stage of sleep is called REM, which stands for rapid eye movement. If you have trouble falling asleep,

13、 some people recommend breathing very slowly and very deeply. Other people believed that drinking warm milk will help make you drowsy. There is also an old suggestion that counting sheep will put you to sleep! 6 A good title for this passage is_. （ A） Sleep （ B） Good Health （ C） Dreams （ D） Work and

14、 Rest 7 The word “drowsy“ in the last paragraph means_. （ A） sick （ B） stand up （ C） asleep （ D） a little sleepy 8 This passage suggests that not getting enough sleep might make you_. （ A） dream more often （ B） have poor health （ C） nervous （ D） breathe quickly 9 During REM, _. （ A） your eyes move q

15、uickly （ B） you dream （ C） you are restless （ D） both A and B 10 The average number of hours of sleep that an adult needs is_. （ A） approximately six hours （ B） around ten hours （ C） about eight hours （ D） not stated here 10 Too often young people get themselves employed quite by accident, not knowi

16、ng what lies in the way of opportunity for promotion, happiness and security. As a result, they are employed doing jobs that afford them little or no satisfaction. Our school leavers face so much competition that they seldom care what they do as long as they can earn a living. Some stay long at a jo

17、b and learn to like it; others quit from one to another looking for something to suit them. The young graduates who leave the university look for jobs that offer a salary up to their expectation. Very few go out into the world knowing exactly what they want and realizing their own abilities. The rea

18、son behind all this confusion is that there never has been a proper vocational guidance in our educational institution. Nearly all grope (摸索 ) in the dark and their chief concern when they look for a job is to ask what salary is like. They never bother to think whether they are suited for the job or

19、, even more important, whether the job suits them. Having a job is more than merely providing yourself and your dependants with daily bread and some money for leisure and entertainment. It sets a pattern of life and, in many ways, determines social status in life, selection of friends, leisure and i

20、nterest. In choosing a career you should first consider the type of work which will suit your interest. Nothing is more pathetic than taking on a job in which you have no interest, for it will not only discourage your desire to succeed in life but also ruin your talents and ultimately make you an em

21、otional wreck (受到严重伤害的人 ) and a bitter person. 11 The reason why some people are unlikely to succeed in life is that they_. （ A） have ruined their talents （ B） have taken on an unsuitable job （ C） think of nothing but their salary （ D） are not aware of their own potential 12 The difficulty in choosi

22、ng a suitable job lies mainly in that_. （ A） much competition has to be faced （ B） many employees have no working experience （ C） the young people only care about how much they can earn （ D） schools fail to offer students appropriate vocational guidance 13 Which of the following statements is most i

23、mportant according to the passage? （ A） Your job must suit your interest. （ B） Your job must set a pattern of life. （ C） Your job must offer you a high salary. （ D） Your job must not ruin your talents. 14 The best title for this passage would be_. （ A） What Can a Good Job Offer （ B） Earning a Living

24、 （ C） Correct Attitude on Job-hunting （ D） How to Choose a Job 15 The word “pathetic“ in Paragraph 3 most probably means_. （ A） splendid （ B） miserable （ C） disgusted （ D） touching 阅读理解（语义理解题）强化练习试卷 1答案与解析 一、 Part I Reading Comprehension (30%) Directions: There are three passages in this part. Each

25、passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. 【知识模块】 语义理解题 1 【正 确答案】 B 【试题解析】 本题考查考生对细节的把握

26、。根据上文 Thomas Jefferson(美国人 )和下文的 in America，这里的 “here”指的是美国。 【知识模块】 语义理解题 2 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 本题考查考生对细节的把握。文章中有这样的句子： In Europe the object is to make the most of their land， labor being sufficient；here it is to make the most of our labor， land being abundant “在欧洲 劳动力充足，目标是要充分利用土地；在美国土地充足，要充分使用劳动力。 ”因此

27、说欧洲和美国都亟须农业机械化是错误的。 C是正确答案。 【知识模块】 语义理解题 3 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 本题考查考生对整篇短文主要内容的理解。由第一部分开始，文章总体结构围绕节省劳动力的机械发明展开，文章的中心思想应当是节省劳动力的机器发明。 【知识模块】 语义理解题 4 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 本题考查考 生对细节的把握。文章中有这样的句子： At the opening of the century， with the exception of a crude plow， farmers could have carried practically all of th

28、e existing agricultural tools on their backs “在本世纪初，除了一个粗糙的耕犁之外。农民可以把其余所有的农具放在背上。 ”说明当时的农具很少。 D为正确答案。 【知识模块】 语义理解题 5 【正确答案 】 A 【试题解析】 本题是推断题，也是对文章细节的考查。根据 In Europethe object is to make the most of their land， labor being sufficient； here it is to make the most of our labor， land being abundant“在欧洲

29、劳动力充足，目标是要充分利用土地；在美国土地充足，要充分使用劳动力 ”可推知 “美国缺乏劳动力 ”。 B在文章中 The most important of the early inventions was the iron plow有说明；根据 many people devoted their attention to the plow， until in 1869， James Oliver of South Bend， Indiana， turned out the first chilled-steel plow可知 C与此句意思相反，为错误项。根据 spent his entire

30、 fortune in introducing his invention The farmers， however， would have none of it可推知 Charles Newbolt并没有因此而发财， D项也错误。 【知识模块】 语义理解题 【知识模块】 语义理解题 6 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 本题考查考生对全文意思的整体把握。文章的第一段谈到睡眠能使身体健康，第二段、第三段谈到睡眠的几种状态，最后一段谈到很快入睡的几种方法。因此整篇文章都围绕睡眠而谈，因此 A为正确答案。 【知识模块】 语义理解题 7 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 本题是词 义题，考查考生根据上下

31、文对具体词语的理解。因为上一句的意思是： “如果你睡觉有困难的话，有人建议慢慢深呼吸。 ”紧接着作者说：“另外一些人认为喝热牛奶能使你 ” ，根据上下文应该选 “瞌睡的 ”， sick有病的； stand up起立； asleep睡着的； a little sleepy想睡觉。因此只有 D最符合题意。 【知识模块】 语义理解题 8 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 本题考查考生对细节的把握。答案在文章的第一段第二句话：Sleep is necessary for good health “睡眠有利于身体健康。 ”本题是正话反说，即睡眠不足是有损健康的， A项文章中没有提及； C、 D项凭经验判断

32、貌似正确但与本句话内容没有联系，只有 B最符合题意。 【知识模块】 语义理解题 9 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 本题考查考生对细节的把握。答案在第三段第二、三句话：Scientists who study sleep state that when dreaming occurs， your eyeballs begin to move more quickly “研究睡眠的科学家指出一个人做 梦的时候眼球移动速度加快。 ”而第三句中 “This stage of sleep is called REM”， this stage指代的是第二句中所表现出的状态。 A项 “做梦 ”以及 B项

33、“眼球快速转动 ”；而 C项 “你是得不到休息的 ”跟原文意思相反，因此正确答案为 D。 【知识模块】 语义理解题 10 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 本题考查考生对全文意思的整体把握。整篇文章中没有谈到成年人的平均睡眠时间。因此正确答案为 D。 【知识模块】 语义理解题 【知识模块】 语义理解题 11 【 正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 本题考查考生对细节的把握。答案可以在最后一段找到： Nothing is more pathetic than taking on a job in which you have no interest， for it will not only disco

34、urage your desire to succeed in life but also ruin your talents因此有些人事业不成功的原因是选择了不合适的工作。因此 B是正确答案。 【知识模块】 语义理 解题 12 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 本题考查考生对细节的把握。答案在第二段第二句话： The reason behind all this confusion is that there never has been a proper vocational guidance in our educational institution “所有这些迷惑背后的原因是在我们的教

35、育机构中从来没有过合适的职业指导。 ”可以看出 D“学校不能够为学生提供合适的职业指导 ”为正确答案。 A、 B、 C仅仅是年轻人在找 工作种存在的问题及现状，并不是深层次原因，可排除。 【知识模块】 语义理解题 13 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 本题考查考生对细节的把握。答案在第三段第一句话： In choosing a career you should first consider the type of work which will suit your interest “选择职业的时候首先要考虑的是这个工作你是否有兴趣。 ”因此 A是正确答案。 B、 C、 D在文中均有涉及，但

36、跟 A相比不是 most important，所 以 A最符合题意。 【知识模块】 语义理解题 14 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 本题考查考生对全文意思的整体把握。文章第一段介绍了年轻人找工作的现状，第二段分析了产生这种现象的原因，第三段作者提出自己的主张，并给出建议。因此文章的标题应当是纠正找工作的态度。 【知识模块】 语义理解题 15 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 本题是词义题，考查考生根据上下文对具体词语的理解。miserable痛苦的； splendid辉煌的； disgusted厌恶的； touching感人的。根据 句意可判断该词应表示不太好的状态，可排除 A、 D； C在逻辑上讲不通，因为如果选择的工作使人厌恶，一般人也不会去做；因此只有 B项最符合题意。 【知识模块】 语义理解题