[外语类试卷]考博英语模拟试卷13及答案与解析.doc
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1、考博英语模拟试卷 13及答案与解析 一、 Reading Comprehension 0 From the health point of view we are living in a marvelous age. We are immunized from birth against many of the most dangerous disease. A large number of once fatal illness can now be found for the most stubborn remaining disease. The expectation of life
2、Ms increased enormously. But though the possibility of living a long and happy life is greater than ever before, every day we witness the incredible slaughter of them, women and children on the roads Man versus the motor-car! It is a never-ending battle which man is losing Thousand of people the wor
3、ld over are killed or horribly killed each year and we are quietly sitting back and letting it happen. It has been rightly said that when a man is sitting behind a steering wheel, his car becomes the extension of his personality. There is no doubt that the motorcar often brings out a mans very worst
4、 qualities. People who are normally quiet and pleasant may become unrecognizable when they are behind steering wheel. They swear, they are ill-mannered and aggressive, willful as two-year-olds and utterly selfish. All their hidden frustrations, disappointments and jealousies seem to be brought to th
5、e surface by the act of driving. The surprising thing is that the society smiles so gently on the motorist and seems to forgive his convenience. Cities are allowed to become almost uninhabitable because of heavy traffic; towns are made ugly by huge car parks; the countryside is desecrated by road ne
6、tworks;, and the mass annual slaughter becomes nothing mere than a statistic, to be conveniently forgotten It is high time a world code were created to reduce this senseless waste of human life. With regard to driving, the laws of some countries are notoriously lax and even the strictest are not str
7、ict enough. A code which was universally accepted could only have a dramatically beneficial effect on the accident rate. Here are a few examples of some of the things that might be done. The driving test should be standardized and made for more difficult than it is; all the drivers should be made to
8、 take a test every three YEARS or so; the age at which young people are allowed to drive any vehicle should be raised to at least 21; all vehicles should be put through strict annual tests for safety. Even the smallest amount of alcohol in the blood can impair a persons driving ability. Present drin
9、king and driving laws (where they exist ) should be made much stricter. Maximum and minimum speed limits should be imposed on all roads. Governments should lay down safety specifications for manufacturers, as has been done in the USA. All advertising stressing power and performance should be banned.
10、 These measures may sound inordinately harsh. But surely nothing should be considered as too severe ff it results in reducing the annual ton of human life. After all, the world is for human beings not for motorcars. 1 The main idea, of this passage is _. ( A) traffic accidents are mainly caused by m
11、otorists ( B) thousands of people the world over are killed each year ( C) the laws of some countries about driving are too lax ( D) only stricter traffic laws, can prevent accidents 2 What does the author think of society toward motorists? ( A) Society criticizes the motorists severely. ( B) Huge c
12、ar parks are built in the cities and towns. ( C) Society overlooks their rude driving. ( D) Victims of accidents are nothing. 3 Why does the author say: “his car becomes the extension of his personality”? ( A) Driving can show his real self. ( B) Driving can show the other part of his personality. (
13、 C) Driving can bring out his character. ( D) His car embodies his temper. 4 Which of the followings is NOT mentioned as a way against traffic accidents? ( A) Build more highways. ( B) Stricter driving tests. ( C) Test drivers every three years. ( D) Raise age limit and lay down safety specification
14、s. 5 The attitude of the author is _. ( A) ironical ( B) critical ( C) appealing ( D) militant 5 Climatic conditions are delicately adjusted to the composition of the Earths atmosphere. If there were a change in the atmosphere for example, in the relative proportions of atmosphere gases the climate
15、would probably change also. A slight increase in water vapor, for instance, would increase the hem-retaining capacity of the atmosphere and would lead to a rise in global temperatures. In contrast, a large increase, in water vapor would increase the thickness and extent of the cloud layer, reducing
16、the mount of solar energy reaching the Earth surface. level of carbon dioxide, CO2, in the atmosphere has important effect on climatic change. Most of the Earth s incoming energy is short-wavelength radiation, which tends to pass through atmospheric CO2 easily. The Earth, however, reradiates much of
17、 the received energy as a long-wavelength radiation, which CO2 absorbs and then remits toward the Earth. This phenomenon, known as the greenhouse effect, can result in an increase in the surface temperature of a planet. An extreme example of the effect is shown by the Venus, a planet covered by heav
18、y clouds composed mostly of CO2, whose surface temperatures have been measured at 430 . If the CO2 content of the atmosphere is reduced, the temperature falls. According to one respectable theory, if the atmospheric CO2 concentration were halved, the Earth would become completely covered with ice. A
19、nother equally respectable theory, however, states that a halving of the C02 concentration would lead only to a reduction in global temperatures of 3 . If, because of au increase in forest fires or volcanic activity, the CO2 content of the atmosphere increased, a warmer climate would be produced. Pl
20、ant growth, which relies on both the warmth and the availability of CO2, would probably increase. As a consequence, plants would use more and more CO2. Eventually CO2 levels would diminish and the climate, in turn, would become cooler. With reduced temperatures many plants would die; CO2 would there
21、by be returned to the atmosphere and gradually the temperatures would rise again. Thus, if this process occurred, there might be a long-term oscillation in the amount of CO2 present in the atmosphere, with regular temperature increases and decreases of a set magnitude. Some climatologists argue that
22、 the burning of fossil fuels has raised the level of CO2 in the atmosphere and has caused a global temperature rise of at least 1 . But a supposed global temperature rise of 1 may in reality be only several regional temperature increases, restricted to areas where there are many meteorological stati
23、ons and caused simply by shifts in the pattern of atmospheric circulation. Other areas, for example the Southern Hemisphere oceanic zone, may be experiencing an equivalent temperature decreases that is unrecognized because of the shortage of meteorological recording stations. 6 The passage supplies
24、information for answering which of the following questions? ( A) Why are projections of the effects of changes in water vapor levels on the climate so inaccurate? ( B) What are the steps in the process that takes place as CO2 absorbs long-wavelength radiation? ( C) How might our understanding of the
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