[外语类试卷]大学英语四级（2013年12月考试改革适用）模拟试卷124及答案与解析.doc

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1、大学英语四级（ 2013年 12月考试改革适用）模拟试卷 124及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing 1 Write a short essay based on the picture below. You should start your essay with a brief account of Advertisements. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.Advertisements are mating their way into peoples lives. Sectio

2、n A （ A） Children learn by example. （ B） Children must not tell lies. （ C） Children dont like discipline. （ D） Children must control their temper. （ A） Wait for the sale to start. （ B） Get further information about the sale. （ C） Call the TV station to be sure if the ad is true. （ D） Buy a new suit.

3、 （ A） The woman doesnt think it exciting to travel by air. （ B） Theyll stay at home during the holidays. （ C） They are offered some plane tickets for their holidays. （ D） Theyll be flying somewhere for their vacation. （ A） Near the stairs. （ B） On the platform. （ C） At the ticket office. （ D） At the

4、 information desk. （ A） He doesnt think that John is ill. （ B） He is aware that John is ill. （ C） He thinks that perhaps John is not in very good health. （ D） He doesnt think that John has a very good knowledge of physics. （ A） He could help her with the problems. （ B） He could go out together with

5、her. （ C） She should go out for a while. （ D） She should do the problems herself. （ A） Australian and American. （ B） Guest and host. （ C） Husband and wife. （ D） Professor and student. （ A） Because she cant watch TV. （ B） Because her ears were hurt. （ C） Because she cant hear the words on the telepho

6、ne. （ D） Because her eyes were hurt. （ A） He has difficulties going on with his research. （ B） He doesnt understand the workplace friendship （ C） He hasnt read any literature. （ D） The literature on this content is complicated. （ A） It is positive. （ B） It is negative. （ C） It has two sides. （ D） Th

7、e friendship has nothing to do with the workplace. （ A） There is seldom any friendship in the workplace. （ B） People want to be treated with special privileges. （ C） People are softer with others except their friends. （ D） The workplace isnt pleasant for the friendship. （ A） It is difficult to have

8、friendship in the workplace. （ B） It is difficult to have friendly environment in the organizations. （ C） The organizations are facing the dilemma: creating a friendly workplace and having policies. （ D） It is hard to set policies in organizations. （ A） Leaky roof. （ B） Thin walls. （ C） Parking plac

9、es. （ D） Noisy music. （ A） A housewife. （ B） A nurse. （ C） A teacher. （ D） A student. （ A） Turn down the music. （ B） Talk with Jimmy. （ C） Design rules. （ D） Fight with Jimmy. Section B （ A） The atmosphere they live in is rather unreal. （ B） Their parents put too much pressure on them. （ C） Its hard

10、 for them to get along with other kids. （ D） They have to live in the shadow of their parents. （ A） He always boasts about his rich father. （ B） He will grow up to be good for nothing. （ C） He has too much to know the value of things. （ D） He is too young to manage his inherited property. （ A） She w

11、ants Amanda to get professional care. （ B） She has no experience in raising children. （ C） She wants to show off her wealth. （ D） She has no time to do it herself. （ A） The lifestyle depicted in Hollywood movies. （ B） The worship of money, beauty and pleasure. （ C） The attention the media focuses on

12、 them. （ D） The pursuing of perfection in performance. （ A） She was a tailor. （ B） She was an engineer. （ C） She was an educator. （ D） She was a public speaker. （ A） Basing them on science-fiction movies. （ B） Including interesting examples in them. （ C） Adjusting them to different audiences. （ D） F

13、ocusing on the latest progress in space science. （ A） Whether spacemen carry weapons. （ B） How spacesuits protect spacemen. （ C） How NASA trains its spacemen. （ D） What spacemen eat and drink. （ A） Soil. （ B） Human population. （ C） Forest. （ D） Water. （ A） By using satellite images, maps, etc. （ B）

14、By studying specific farming methods. （ C） By studying the variation of human population. （ D） By analyzing the quality of crops. （ A） By forcing them farming. （ B） By affecting the quality of soils. （ C） By adding chemicals and pollute the waterways. （ D） By affecting the environments they live in.

15、 Section C 26 Half a century ago, most people lived in rural areas. However, according to the most recent【 B1】 _projected by the United Nations, more than half of all people will live in cities by 2012, for the first time in history. City life is not always a bad thing, but many experts worry about

16、this process of【 B2】 _. According to a new report from the Worldwatch Institute, an environmental research group in Washington, it is having a huge【 B3】 _on human health and the【 B4】 _of the environment. Of the three billion people who live in cities now, about one billion live in【 B5】_settlements.

17、These are areas of poverty, slums, that generally lack basic services like clean water, or even【 B6】 _housing. More than 60 million people are added to cities and their【 B7】 _areas each year, mostly in slums in developing countries. Molly OMeara Sheehan,【 B8】 _of the Worldwatch report, believes that

18、 the international community has been too slow to recognize the growth of urban poverty. Policymakers, she says, need to increase investments in education, health care and other areas. The report talks about some successful efforts by local governments and【 B9】_groups. For example, Freetown in Sierr

19、a Leone has established farming within the city limits to meet much of its growing food demands. In Bogota, the capital of Colombia, engineers have created a bus system that has helped reduce【 B10】 _and improve quality of life. 27 【 B1】 28 【 B2】 29 【 B3】 30 【 B4】 31 【 B5】 32 【 B6】 33 【 B7】 34 【 B8】

20、35 【 B9】 36 【 B10】 Section A 36 Britain is not just one country and one people; even if some of its inhabitants think so. Britain is, in fact, a nation which can be divided into several【 C1】 _parts, each part being an individual country with its own language, character and cultural【 C2】_. Thus Scotl

21、and, Northern Ireland and Wales do not claim to【 C3】 _to “England“ because their inhabitants are not【 C4】 _“English“. They are Scottish, Irish or Welsh and many of them prefer to speak their own native tongue, which in turn is【 C5】 _to the others. These cultural minorities(少数民族 )have been Britains o

22、riginal inhabitants. In varying degrees they have managed to【 C6】 _their national characteristics, and their particular customs and way of life. This is probably even more true of the【 C7】_areas where traditional life has not been so affected by the【 C8】 _of industrialism as the border areas have be

23、en. The Celtic races are said to be more emotional by nature than the English. An Irish temper is legendary. The Scots would rather【 C9】 _about their reputation for excessive thrift and prefer to be remembered for their folk songs and dances, while the Welsh are famous for their singing. The Celtic【

24、 C10】 _as a whole produces humorous writers and artists, such as the Irish Bernard Shaw, the Scottish Robert Burns, and the Welsh Dylan Thomas, to mention but a few. A)incomprehensible B)temper C)remote D)separate E)understandable F)forget G)generally H)temperament I)preserve J)strictly K)traditions

25、 L)reserve M)growth N)apply O)belong 37 【 C1】 38 【 C2】 39 【 C3】 40 【 C4】 41 【 C5】 42 【 C6】 43 【 C7】 44 【 C8】 45 【 C9】 46 【 C10】 Section B 46 Attacked Online? How to React to Web Attacks A)Nasty breakups are bad enough. But what if your ex broadcast your dirty laundry to millions? Thats what British

26、actress Tricia Walsh-Smith did immorally on April 10, when she posted the first of three YouTube videos in which she slammed her soon-to-be-ex-husband for everything from his questionable character to his extended family, whom she disliked. Walsh-Smiths videos, which were collectively viewed more th

27、an 4 million times, reflect more than just the despair of a deserted woman. Theyre part of a larger and fast-growing problem: reputation wrecking online. B)Offensive comments spread easily online and off, but in the real world, they are often easily forgotten. The same kind of cruel statement posted

28、 online can spread farther and last forever. “Now we have this giant megaphone(扩音器 )of the Internet, where every little whisper about someone shows up in Google,“ says Matt Zimmerman, senior staff lawyer for the Electronic Frontier Foundation. C)These days, as more and more people join social-networ

29、king sites, comment on opinion-sharing sites like TripA or otherwise participate in life online, personal attacks against individuals and business on the Web are being taken more seriously than ever. Barb-trading has escalated(升级 ) sometimes in front of thousands of witness and so too have the ways

30、in which the attacked are fighting back. Many try to fight back their attackers by posting an argument against the offending post or by asking website managers to remove disagreeable material. Some folks accuse their critics of insulting. Still others take the final step, hiring online-reputation-ma

31、nagement firms to help re-deal with their Web image from ruin. D)If you had the resources, you could always take your own measure: Barack Obama, upset with the false rumors being spread about his background and religious history, created a website in June called Fight The Smears to expose them. But

32、taking matters into ones own hands can be burdened. Wikipedia founder Jimmy Wales was fired in 2005 for attempting to hide his own entry on the site(Wiki contributors noted that he deleted references to his Wikipedia cofounder, Larry Sanger, as well as to a search site he founded that included adult

33、 content). Now a monitoring program called Wiki Watcher aims to reveal similar violations on other Wiki entries such as when ExxonMobil tried to ignore the environmental impact of the Valdez oil spill and when the FBI deleted aerial images of the Guant namo Bay prison from its entry. E)If you cant m

34、ute your critics on your own, charging them with insulting might seem like the most effective way to stop the problem. But to win a case, youd have to prove that intended false statements have damaged a lot more than just your feelings. You would also have to know whom exactly to sue, which can be v

35、irtually impossible since so many Web posts especially on gossip sites like Juicy Campus, Faceliss and The Dirtyare nameless. Whats more, the 1996 Communications Decency Act frees site operators from any duty for posts made by visitors to their sites. “It is ridiculous how you can post something on

36、the Internet and not be accountable for it,“ says Chris Martin, founder of the online-reputation management firm Reputation Hawk. F)The primary goal of online-reputation-management firms like Martins is to cross out the first page of a clients Google search results of all negative links. “We call th

37、e top five search results the danger zone, because you dont even have to move down to see them,“ says Martin. For $1,500 a month, Reputation Hawk will actually create new Web pages that cast you in a positive light(usually with your name in the URI), post links to positive Web mentions of you on soc

38、ial-book marking sites like Digg and Del. icio. us and start positive blogs on Blogger or WordPress.(Keeping the blogs up-to-date is your responsibility, however.) G)“You take all this new information we create and put so much pressure on the top 10 results in Google that the false negative stuff ge

39、ts pushed down,“ says Martin, who says it can take months to repair an online image. “Once its pushed out of the top 10, theyre pretty much OK.“(Of course, its not a perfect solution reader who click to the second page of your search results will uncover your cyber skeletons.) H)If you dont have a f

40、ew thousand dollars to spare, a more reasonable approach is to confront your attackers directly. “The answer to bad speech is more speech,“ says Googles Matt Cutts, whos in charge of ranking search results. To start, he suggests setting up a free Google Alert, which e-mail you every time your name a

41、ppears in a blog post or on a website; this at least lets you know if you have a problem and, often, with whom. I)Once youve found your critics, you have to figure out what to say. The right response will get you everywhere: Selena Kellinger, owner of the party-goods store Razzberry Lips in San Jose

42、, Calif., apologized to a customer who had posted a critical review of her store on Yelp. Her critic, Jumoke Jones, was so impressed with Kellinger that she replaced her negative review with a positive one. Karl Idsvoog, a journalism professor at Kent Sate University in Ohio, took a more challenging

43、 strategy. He responded to students charges that he was a “rude, selfish, vain snob“ on Rate My Professors by posting a Web video on Professors Strike Back that said, “Were not there to baby-sit. Were there to train professionals. Grow up.“ J)The good point of the ever disordered online rumor mill i

44、s that it does justice to those subjects who have come by their bad reputations legally. “Every liar in the world thinks that were here to help them out, but were not,“ says Robert Russo, CEO of Defend My Name. For bad guys, the megaphone of the Web can be a very useful thing. For everybody else, it

45、s nice to know that when the virtual community starts to whisper, you can now shout back. 47 Some people take the final step to fight back the attacks is to employ some online companies to help repair their Web images. 48 The American president took his own measure to defend his reputation by creati

46、ng a website to expose the false rumors. 49 Compared to that in the real world, cruel statements posted online can be wide-spreading and long-lasting. 50 After youve found the person who posted the comments, you have to work out what to say. 51 The problem the Walsh-Smiths videos reflected is online

47、 reputation destruction. 52 The most effective way to stop the problem if one cant silence the critics is to accuse them of insulting. 53 The good news is that when the Internet begins to whisper, you can now shout back. 54 A very famous website founder was fired because he tried to hide his own ent

48、ry on the site. 55 The major goal of the online-reputation-management firms is to wipe out all negative search results of the customers in the first page. 56 If you dont want to spend too much money, a more practicable way is to confront your attackers directly. Section C 56 Because of satellite lin

49、ks which now enable broadcast news organizations to originate live programming from any part of the globe, the entire world is becoming one giant sound stage for television news. As a result, Shakespeares famous line, “all the world is a stage,“ has taken on an interesting new twist in meaning. Even before todays worldwide satellite links were possible, the growing effect of broadcast news technology on national and in