[外语类试卷]大学英语六级（2013年12月考试改革适用）模拟试卷240及答案与解析.doc

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1、大学英语六级（ 2013年 12月考试改革适用）模拟试卷 240及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing 1 Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay based on the picture below. You should start your essay with a brief account of the picture, give relevant examples, and then explain what you will do to solve the

2、problem. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words. Section A （ A） He cant find his office key. （ B） He has misplaced some exams. （ C） He is unable to speak out. （ D） He doesnt enjoy teaching. （ A） Mark the latest course assignment. （ B） Put a cancellation notice on the classroo

3、m door. （ C） Make an appointment with the doctor. （ D） Return some exam papers to his students. （ A） Teach Dons class while hes absent. （ B） Give Professor Webster the key to Dons office. （ C） Leave the assignment on the board in Dons classroom. （ D） Bring Don the homework that is due today. （ A） Co

4、py all the assignment from the blackboard. （ B） Finish the assignment on a required page. （ C） Go to attend another class in the same building. （ D） Prepare for a group presentation in the next class. （ A） From a special seminar. （ B） From a cultural documentary. （ C） From what she just read. （ D） F

5、rom her Canadian friend. （ A） In New Mexico. （ B） In British Columbia. （ C） In Alberta. （ D） In Arizona. （ A） They prefer cool temperatures. （ B） They can survive extreme conditions. （ C） They are vulnerable to radiation. （ D） They have a very short life span. （ A） Copy the article about scorpions.

6、（ B） Have lunch with him. （ C） Buy books about scorpions. （ D） Go to Canada with him. Section B （ A） Communication actually takes place when the message is received. （ B） There are more means of receiving than of sending communications. （ C） Reception of communication involves use of the senses. （ D

7、） It is hard to organize by typing the means of sending communication. （ A） Clapping hands. （ B） Gesture and imitation. （ C） Handshaking. （ D） Smell and taste. （ A） They dont need conventional signs and symbols. （ B） They only require a receiver in communication. （ C） The distance between communicat

8、ors cant be too long. （ D） They are not restricted in time and space. （ A） Worse than in the past. （ B） As bad as in the past. （ C） Not so dangerous as in the past. （ D） As necessary as in the past. （ A） The adoption of modem ideologies can stop war. （ B） The adoption of any ideology could prevent w

9、ar. （ C） The adoption of some ideologies could prevent war. （ D） The adoption of any ideology cant stop war. （ A） Enhance the contests of force. （ B） Change peoples old mental habits. （ C） Change peoples ideologies. （ D） Persuade mankind to live with war. （ A） War is the only way to solve internatio

10、nal disputes. （ B） War will be less dangerous because of the improvement of weapons. （ C） It is impossible for people to live without war. （ D） War must be abolished if man wants to survive. Section C （ A） He must exploit his talent. （ B） He must improve his performance. （ C） He must defeat his nerv

11、ousness. （ D） He must win the audiences favor. （ A） Admitting his problem of nervousness. （ B） Creating a song to express his fright. （ C） Practicing more on the stage. （ D） Singing with more confidence than before. （ A） His familys support. （ B） His friends praise. （ C） The stage fright song. （ D）

12、Audiences tolerance. （ A） There will be more plastics than fish in oceans. （ B） More and more fish will die from starvation. （ C） People use more and more plastic packaging. （ D） The oceans of the world are over-fished. （ A） The plastic is not easy to collect. （ B） Some plastic can not be recycled.

13、（ C） The plastic needs technical transport. （ D） The plastic doesnt break down. （ A） By forbidding over-fishing. （ B） By recycling plastics in daily life. （ C） By developing available technology. （ D） By exploiting ocean resource. （ A） Plastics take too much ocean space. （ B） Plastics pollute the wa

14、ter in oceans. （ C） Plastics cause their abnormal death. （ D） Plastics warm up the surface of oceans. （ A） Having less contact with themselves. （ B） Having less contact with others. （ C） Working more hours than before. （ D） Pushing themselves to go nowhere. （ A） Its workers write books on the inner

15、search engine. （ B） It makes the wisest use of modern technology. （ C） Its workers enjoy 20% of their paid time free. （ D） It stresses the importance of imagination. （ A） Sitting still. （ B） Contacting people. （ C） Training imagination. （ D） Improving skills. Section A 26 Since 2007, the American Ps

16、ychological Association (APA) has conducted a survey of different aspects of stress in America. This years analysis focused on teens, and on a 10-point scale,【 C1】 _ ranked their stress at 5.8, compared with a score of 5.1 reported by adults. Even more【 C2】 _ , says Norman Anderson, CEO and executiv

17、e vice president of the APA, is the fact that most teens knew their stress levels werent healthythey said 3.9 was probably more【 C3】 _ but did little about it. In fact, the survey【 C4】_ that 42% of teens arent doing enough to manage their stress. Thats concerning, since unaddressed stress can lead t

18、o both short-term mental-health issues such as depression, as well as lay the seeds for【 C5】 _ conditions such as heart disease and high blood pressure in adulthood. Whats causing teens to feel so anxious? Eighty three percent【 C6】 _ school as a source of stress, including concerns about their futur

19、e after high school and worries about college. For some, family financial issues also caused anxiety, which wasnt【 C7】 _ since previous studies found that parental stress can trickle (滴流 ) down to children, even at very young ages. “This population is underserved, and not taken seriously sometimes,“

20、 said Katherine Nordal, of the APA. “We wanted to【 C8】 _ light on some of the problems we know teens are having and whether they are successful at coping with them or not.“ Clearly, said Anderson, “We have work to do to manage stress overall. Stress levels among Americans continue to be high, but co

21、ping【 C9】 _ remain ineffective.“ Teens reported doing everything that they probably shouldnt in order to relieve stressthey arent getting enough sleep and theyre less【 C10】 _ active. A) revealed E) physically I) chronic M) mechanisms B) surprising F) practicable J) desirable N) revenged C) disperse

22、G) cited K) mentally O) disturbing D) adolescents H) seniors L) shine 27 【 C1】 28 【 C2】 29 【 C3】 30 【 C4】 31 【 C5】 32 【 C6】 33 【 C7】 34 【 C8】 35 【 C9】 36 【 C10】 Section B 36 Wikipedias Trembling A Wikipedia is dying! Wikipedia is dying! Thats the line repeated by the media every six months or so sin

23、ce 2009, when Spanish researcher Felipe Ortega first noticed that unprecedented numbers of volunteer editors were abandoning the sixth most popular website in the world. As the now familiar story goes, the byzantine (极其复杂的 ) infrastructure behind the free, crowdsourced encyclopedia30 million article

24、s in 287 languages, including more than 4.3 million in Englishis choking to death. Wikipedia pessimists say the site is fatally blocked by white American men who would rather describe the extreme details of a new breed of Pokemnon or fervently debate the politicization of an Arabic food than guide a

25、 diverse group of new editors around the world. B The other corrosive element is the pervasive fighting by editors that sometimes supersedes (替代 ) the facts. “You have to realize that there are two very different sides to Wikipedia,“ Tare, a 40-year-old IT worker from New England, told Newsweek in a

26、n email. One is “the public face of Jimbo Wales and the sum of human knowledge, represented in tens of hundreds of thousands of articles, i.e. the encyclopedia proper.“ The other is “harsh and ugly,“ like “taking the red pill and waking up in the Matrix.“ C In many ways, Wikipedia is a victim of its

27、 success, and the Wiki spirit upon which it was founded. The site grew quickly: more than 20,000 articles in 18 languages just one year after Jimmy Wales and Larry Sanger founded it in January 2001. Two years later, Wales launched the Wikimedia Foundation to finance and run the site; the nonprofit n

28、ow has a staff of 187 people who develop and maintain open-content, Wild-based products. After the site, saw gigantic growth from 2004 to 2007the English-language Wikipedia had around 750,000 entries by late 2005the community created some tools to preserve quality and accuracy. Things didnt go as pl

29、anned D A study published in the American Behavioral Science Journal by former Wikimedia fellows earlier this year found that the new automated quality-control tools and bureaucratic editing guidelines “crippled the very growth they were designed to manage“ by scaring off new editors: The proportion

30、 of “desirable newcomers“defined in the study as both “good-faith“ editors who try but fail to be productive and “golden“ (successful) contributorsentering Wikipedia has not changed since 2006, and they are significantly more likely than their predecessors to have their first contributions rejected.

31、 The number of editors peaked in 2007 and has been falling ever since, and its now next-to-impossible to become a high-ranking “administrator,“ editors who check entries for accuracy and fairness. E The Wikimedia foundation disclosed in its 2011-2012 annual report that “declining participation is by

32、 far the most serious problem facing the Wikimedia projects.“ The Wikimedia fellows behind a comprehensive study led by computer scientist and University of Minnesota Ph.D. candidate Aaron Halfaker were more blunt: They suggested Wikipedia change its motto from “the encyclopedia that anyone can edit

33、“ to “the encyclopedia that anyone who understands the norms, socializes him or herself, dodges the impersonal wall of semiautomated rejection and still wants to voluntarily contribute his or her time and energy can edit.“ F Wikimedia has been working hard on this problem, but the site is still “alm

34、ost entirely written by techno-Libertarian white guys in their 30s,“ said Kevin Gorman, a longtime Wikipedia editor who has done work for the Wikimedia Foundation. According to a 2011 worldwide Wikipedia Editor Survey, the typical editor is college-educated, 30 years old, and intimidatingly tech-saw

35、y (懂行的人 ); 91 percent of them are men. G Headlines proclaiming Wikipedias decline are “exaggerated and wrong,“ said Andrew Lih, a journalism professor at American University and author of The Wikipedia Revolution. Even Halfaker thinks theres hope. “Im inspired by what Wikipedia has done for the acce

36、ssibility and access of knowledge generally,“ he told Newsweek. “But that doesnt mean that we cant do better.“ H Wikimedia Executive Director Sue Gardner told Newsweek that Wikimedia is primarily focused on fixing the infrastructure, streamlining Wikipedias weak and inscrutable (高深莫测的 ) text-based e

37、diting tool so that its as accessible to undergraduates and grandmas as it is to geeks (极客 ). She believes Visual Editor, currently in buggy Beta (测试 ), will do just thatas soon as it stops crashing. I She also pointed to another pet cause: modifying the sites interface in small ways most users prob

38、ably wont notice. For example, when Wikimedia realized that successful editors got their sea legs by fixing typing errors, the foundation started directing new registrants toward articles full of them. “The idea is to handhold people so theyre getting positive feedback,“ she said. According to Wikim

39、edia, that quick fix has led to 3,000 new Wikipedians a month making their first edits. J Wikimedia has also hired diversity advocates like Sarah Stierch, a longtime Wikipedia editor and gender issues campaigner. Before joining Wikimedia as a program evaluation community coordinator, Stierch held a

40、paid Wikimedia fellowship during which she focused on gender work and taught women around the country how to edit Wikipedia. She also founded Teahouse, described on its Wikipedia page as “a friendly place to help new editors become accustomed to Wikipedia culture, ask questions, and develop communit

41、y relationships.“ K Additionally, Wikimedia helps organize domestic and global education programs in which volunteer “ambassadors“ work with college professors to assign Wikipedia entries. Gardner extolled (赞扬 ) the virtues of the program in Egypt, launched in spring 2012 to tackle the gender gap on

42、 the Arabic Wikipedia It reached out to arts and languages departments, where there is a higher percentage of female students. According to Wikimedia, 87 percent of the Egyptian student-editors in the program are women, and theyve added more than 1,000 articles to the Arabic Wikipedia and have made

43、needed edits on many existing articles. L Gorman, the regional ambassador for the U.S. Education Program for California and Hawaii, spoke passionately of his work with professors and undergraduates. But he said the program lacks oversight (监督 ), particularly when it comes to targeting underrepresent

44、ed topics, and wishes Wikimedia would consider paying ambassadors. “A lot of Wikipedians have a strong irrational fear of money,“ he said, which he believes holds back widespread progress. M Gardners response: “I dont think we would ever consider paying ambassadors, because we really dont have to. W

45、ikipedians naturally want to share. They like coaching new people.“ Gardner believes Wiki-medias initiatives will start paying off in the next few yearsand they mightbut the data arent impressive. Stierch said her grassroots groups havent attracted new women to editing and that Wikimedia still strug

46、gles to find women for leadership positions. N Even if Wikimedia fails to draw a diverse group of users who want to edit, not just battle one another, it seems unlikely that Wikipedia will self-destruct What it offers the world is imperfect, but so much better than no Wikipedia at alleven if, as Sti

47、erch said, the site “epitomizes (成为 的缩影 ) a project started by good-faith white males,“ like so much written history and cultural research in the Western world, that may take years to change, “I cant even imagine a world without Wikipedia at this point,“ Stierch said. “Can you?“ 37 Wiki may suffer b

48、oth from its success and the spirit its built upon. 38 Wikimedia is currently working on improving its editing tool. 39 The battle among editors may have negative effects on Wikipedia. 40 Media has repeatedly said that Wikipedia is dying for some years. 41 A majority of the student editors in Egypt

49、in the Wikimedia program are female. 42 Its indicated in a report that the biggest threat to Wikimedia has been the decreasing participation. 43 Gardner believes its unnecessary for Wikipedia to pay the ambassadors. 44 The number of editors reached the highest level in 2007. 45 According to a worldwide survey, Wikipedia editors are overwhehningly made up of male. 46 Stierch who has been hired by Wikimedia advocates diversity and concentrates on