[外语类试卷]大学英语六级模拟试卷507及答案与解析.doc
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1、大学英语六级模拟试卷 507及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing (30 minutes) 1 For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Starting Career in a Big City or Small Town?. You should write at least 150 words following the outline given below. 1.很多大学生毕业后去大城市工作 2.也有人选择去小城镇工作 3.结合实际情况谈谈自己的想法 Starting
2、 Career in a Big City or Small Town? 二、 Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions attached to the passage. For questions 1-4, mark: Y (for YES) if the statement agrees
3、with the information given in the passage; N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage; NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage. 1 A Responsibility Revolution “We have always known that heedless self-interest was bad morals,“ FDR said in 193
4、7, in the midst of the Great Depression. “We know now that it is bad economies.“ We have learned this all. But even amid the Great Recession of 2009, people have been trading in their SUVs for Priuses, buying record amounts of fair-trade coffee and investing in socially responsible funds at higher r
5、ates than ever before. What we are discovering now, in the most uncertain economy since FDRs time, is that enlightened self-interestcall it a shared sense of responsibilityis good economics. America has always been a great laboratory of social innovation, from Ben Franklins creation of the volunteer
6、 fire department and the lending library to the rise of online collectives like Wikipedia and Facebook. Usually it has been an invention, some innovation in commercethe car, the light bulb, the televisionthat has changed how we interact with one another as well as how we think of ourselves. We are a
7、gain entering a period of social change as Americans are recalibrating(重新校准 )our sense of what it means to be a citizen, not just through voting or volunteering but also through commerce: by what we buy. There is a new dimension to civic duty that is growing in Americaits the idea that we can serve
8、not only by spending time in our communities and classrooms but by spending more responsibly. We are starting to put our money where our ideals are. According to a new TIME poll, more than 6 in 10 Americans have bought organic products since January. Lots of us have bought an energy-efficient light
9、bulb too. And its not just the nature of the product but also its source thats prompting us to buy. Of the 1,003 adults we polled this summer, 82% said they have consciously supported local or neighborhood businesses this year. Nearly 40% said they purchased a product in 2009 because they liked the
10、social or political values of the company that produced it. Thats evidence of a changing mind-set, a new kind of social contract among consumers, business and government. We are seeing the rise of the citizen consumerand the beginnings of a responsibility revolution. Corporate America has discovered
11、 that social responsibility attracts investment capital as well as customer loyalty, creating a virtuous circle. With global warming on the minds of many consumers, lots of companies are racing to “outgreen“ one another, a competition that is good for their bottom lines as well as the environments.
12、The most progressive companies are talking about a triple bottom lineprofit, planet and peoplethat focuses on how to run a business while trying to improve environmental and worker conditions. Many corporations discovered that business was about a lot more than a profit-and-loss statement. At first,
13、 the corporate stance was defensive: companies were punished by consumers for unethical behavior. In the 1990s, companies like Nike and Walmart were attacked for discriminatory and unfair labor practices. Companies also began to realize that just as some consumers boycotted products they considered
14、unethical, others would purchase products in part because their manufacturers were responsible. Some companies embraced the new ethos early on. In 1992, Gap developed sourcing guidelines for its suppliers, and in 1996 the company put in effect a code of conduct for them. Since 2004, Gap has been pub
15、lishing information about the factories it uses and those it has stopped doing business with. Last year HP followed suit, becoming one of the first computer manufacturers to apply similar transparency to its global supply chain. Timberland now prints a detailed label for its shoes, noting on each pa
16、ir the companys material and energy usage None of this would have happened without consumer demand. Nearly half of Americans in our poll said protecting the environment should be given priority over economic growthand this comes in the midst of a recession and historic unemployment. And 78% of those
17、 polled said they would be willing to pay $ 2,000 more for a car that gets 35 m. p. g. than for a similar one that gets only 25 m. p. g, Of course, consumers are doing their own doing-well-by-doing-good calculation: a more expensive ear that gets better gas mileage will save them money in the long r
18、unand make them feel good about it in the process. Many companies are trying to reconfigure their DNA as profit seekers. Take Walmart. Once the poster child of corporate ruthlessness, a retailer whose business model of undercutting(廉价销售 )all of its competitors would have been applauded by Friedman,
19、Walmart has resolved to change its way of doing business for the sake of the future of the planet. The company has required its suppliers to reduce packaging to protect the environment and is trying to boost sales of energy-efficient light bulbs by giving them more shelf space and better placement i
20、n stores. In July it announced it is developing a sustainability index that will one day show consumers at a glance how green its products are. Other companies are improving their responsibility commitments. Intel, the worlds largest chipmaker, says it plans to increase investment this year in energ
21、y efficiency that will help the environment and cut costs. Mars and Cadbury have unveiled plans to increase the amount of cacao (可可豆 )they harvest from sustainable sources because it is good for the environment and will also relieve potential shortages in the future. The high-end stroller company Bu
22、gaboo just announced it will start contributing 1% of its total revenues to the Global Fund that helps AIDS programs in Africa. Thats 1% of Bugaboos revenues, not profits. One question is: How much of all this is just shrewd marketing to give companies a halo (光环 )effect? Participants in these high-
23、profile efforts have been criticized for spending a bundle on marketing. Meanwhile, a New York environmentalist named Jay Westerveld coined the term greenwashing for companies that spin their products as being more environmentally friendly than they really are. Thats one reason why Walmarts plan to
24、standardize a sustainability index is so important. If companies are really improving their carbon footprintand, one hopes, the way they treat their workersin order to improve their image and engender consumer loyalty, isnt that a net good thing? And if they are doing it exclusively to help their bo
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