[外语类试卷]大学英语六级模拟试卷452及答案与解析.doc
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1、大学英语六级模拟试卷 452及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing (30 minutes) 1 Direction: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled The Phenomenon of Empty Nest. You should write at least 150 words following the outline given below. “空巢老人 ”指那些到了退 休年龄,身边却无子女与之共同生活的老人。 1如今的空巢老人逐渐增多 2这种现象出现的原因 3
2、如何解决由此带来的问题 The Phenomenon of Empty Nest 二、 Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions attached to the passage. For questions 1-4, mark: Y (for YES) if the statement agr
3、ees with the information given in the passage; N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage; NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage. 1 Part Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) Directions: In this part you will have 15 minutes to go
4、 over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage. How Sled Dogs Work Theyre physical wonders-able to end
5、ure extreme conditions for extensive periods of time while running fast and pulling more than their own weight. Sled (雪橇 ) dogs have been around for generations, and today they remain a large part of a dog drivers life. In Arctic (北极的 ) regions, some 35 000 years ago, Eskimos dogs bred with wolves a
6、nd other dogs. Their offspring were well-adapted to the cold and snow. Theres no saying exactly when someone thought to have dogs pull sleds ,but it was well before 1000 B. C. that dog sleds provided a means of transportation and a way to haul goods. In recent years, people looking for unique outing
7、s have gone on recreational trips with sled dogs. A number of companies market tourist treks via dog sled for adventure travelers. Dogsled racing in Alaska formally began in 1908, when sled dog owners in Nome, Alaska, held the first All-Alaska Sweepstakes, a 408-mile race from Nome to Candle and bac
8、k. And in 1973, the inaugural Iditarod Trail Sled Dog Race took place on a route covering more than 1 000 miles in Alaska. There are more competitions in many of the continental United States, and some take place on dry land. In addition to endurance races, sled-dog events include sprint races, weig
9、ht pulls (in which dogs try to pull the most weight) and freight races ( in which dogs try to pull a weighted sled the fastest). Stamina (耐力 ) and Strength Many breeds of dogs are used to pull sleds, including official American Kennel Club breeds such as the Siberian husky, Malamute and Samoyed. How
10、ever, many sled dogs are of mixed breed and are called Alaska husky or Eskimo dogs. While some sled dogs may have wolf bloodlines, its generally not desirable to have a mixture of blood between the two. Sled dogs are bred for their speed and endurance as well as leadership qualities. They are big do
11、gs with thick coats and wide, fiat feet. They sleep with their tails covering their noses to keep warm. Dogs that weigh around 40 to 45 pounds are the ideal size to pull sleds, but some may weigh as much as 85 pounds. Young dogs that are enthusiastic runners, easy-going and mentally tough are good c
12、hoices for sled dogs. A dogs gender matters little and both male and female dogs are considered equally. For racing, the most intelligent and fastest dogs are picked to be lead dogs and run in the front of the pack. Behind them run swing dogs, whose job is to direct the team around turns and curves.
13、 At the back of the dog team are the wheel dogs or wheelers, who are right in front of the sled and are usually the largest and strongest of the team. The rest of the dogs are known simply as team dogs. Dogs are typically from 2 to 10 years old when they pull sleds. After they retire, they might rem
14、ain with their owner at a kennel or be adopted as pets by others. Rescue groups for sled dogs take in unwanted dogs and care for them, trying to place them in loving homes. While snowmobiles (also called snow machines), helicopters and airplanes are now often used in place of sled dogs, there are st
15、ill times when dog transportation is preferred. Harsh weather conditions can make flying hazardous, and certain terrain can be more difficult for snow machines to cross than for dogs. Dogs can be more reliable than man-made machines, theyre good companions to have on long treks and they can be cheap
16、er to own than other forms of transportation. Becoming a Sled Dog The number of sled dogs at a typical kennel(养狗场 ) is around 75, though some might house as few as 20 or as many as 150. Many kennel owners are greedy mushers (赶狗拉雪 ) and compete in dog sled races. They also train other mushers and sel
17、l and lease dogs. The training for each team of racing dogs varies by musher ( or whomever is preparing the dogs to race). Conditioning the dogs to nm long distances is vital, and teams may cover 2 000 to 3 000 miles in the course of training leading up to an endurance race. Since training may take
18、place year-round, the dogs sometimes nm on dry land, and sometimes pull all-terrain vehicles. Dog owners start training their dogs to pull sleds at a very young age. When they are a couple of months old, they may be fitted with a harness and collar, just so they get used to wearing them. As they get
19、 older, a small object may be attached to the harness to practice pulling weight. Mushers also start teaching the dogs verbal commands. When dogs are ready to train alongside a team, at around 6 to 8 months old, they start by pulling light loads for short distances. Over time, they build up their st
20、rength and stamina and are able to go farther and pull more. Sled dogs that are well cared for and loved by their owners are quite friendly and gentle. While they may fight with other dogs, it is rare that a sled dog would be aggressive toward people. Mushers have been quoted as saying that they tak
21、e better care of their dogs than themselves, and that the dogs eat better than they do. Relationships between dog and musher vary, but most mushers consider their dogs family. Mushers generally follow the reasoning that a dog thats not properly cared for will not perform, so it wouldnt make sense to
22、 mistreat dogs. For races such as the Iditarod, veterinarians are on hand to examine dogs, and race rules require proof of certain vaccines and check-ups. Dogs are implanted with microchips to help keep track of them. The International Sled Dog Veterinary Medical Association is a group of veterinari
23、ans who are dedicated to the welfare of sled dogs. Getting Ready for the Race Racing sled dogs need to eat around 10 000 calories per day. During the Iditarod race, that translates to about 2 000 pounds of food for one team for the entire race. Meat is the main ingredient, but they also consume othe
24、r fats, oils, dry dog foods and vitamin supplements. Dogs eat at each of the more than two dozen checkpoints on the Iditarod route, but they also get snacks every few hours. Gear for dogs includes fabric booties to protect their feet from the elements, and a sled team may go through 2 000 booties du
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