[外语类试卷]专业英语八级英译汉(评论类)强化练习试卷1及答案与解析.doc
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1、专业英语八级英译汉(评论类)强化练习试卷 1及答案与解析 SECTION B ENGLISH TO CHINESE Directions: Translate the following text into Chinese. 1 It is often said that, provided we are not of the unfortunate minority of people who have pathological language defects, our language mechanism automatically equips us to say anything w
2、e need to say. This does not mean that I can talk about all the technicalities of company law or of central heating with the glibness of a solicitor or a plumber. What it does mean is that if my job or my hobby entailed knowledge of these activities, my language would rise to the occasion. We thus h
3、ave the general truth that any normal person has the language tools to handle anything he needs to handle. But there are odd little exceptions. Let us consider, for instance, forms of address to strangers. Quite often we need to draw a persons attention to something that has just dropped out of pock
4、et or handbag, or to the fact that he is just going to walk into a plate glass door. Not merely does English lack anything corresponding to the French attention, but we do not have the equivalent of Msieur or Madame or even Mademoiselle. 2 Mr. Starr is too good a historian to offer any pat explanati
5、on; instead, he concentrates on the extraordinary array of people and events that have led from the mythical land of Queen Calafia, through the rule of Spain and Mexico, and on to the governorship of Arnold Schwarzenegger. What other state in America would have elected an iron-pumping film star with
6、 an Austrian accent? Moreover, he does so with such elegance and humor that his book is a joy to read. What emerges is not all Californian sunshine and light. Think back to the savage violence that accompanied the 1849 Gold Rush; or to the exclusion orders against the Chinese; or to the riots that r
7、egularly marked industrial and social relations in San Francisco. California, it should be remembered, was very much the wild west, having to wait until 1850 before it could force its way to statehood. So what tamed it? Mr. Starrs answer is a combination of great men, great ideas and great projects.
8、 He emphasizes the development of Californias infrastructure; the extraordinary system of aqueducts and canals that transferred water from the north of the state to the arid south; the development of agriculture; the spread of the railroads and freeways; and, perhaps the most important factor for to
9、days hi-tech California, the creation of a superb set of public universities. 3 One virtue of this book is its structure. Mr. Starr is never trapped by his chronological framework. Instead, when the subject demands it, he manages deftly to flit back and forth among the decades. Less satisfying is hi
10、s account of Californias cultural progress in the 19th and 20th centuries; does he really need to invoke so many long-forgotten writers to accompany such names as Jack London, Frank Norris, Mark Twain or Raymond Chandler? But that is a minor criticism for a book that will become a California classic
11、. The regret is that Mr. Starr, doubtless pressed for space, leaves so little room just a brief final chapterfor the implications of the past for Californias future. He poses the question that most Americans prefer to gloss over; is California governable? “ For all its impressive growth, there remai
12、ns a volatility in the politics and governance of California, which became perfectly clear to the rest of the nation in the fall of 2003 when the voters of California recalled one governor and elected another. 4 As writers, we are inclined by sensibility to look beneath the surface, to analyze and m
13、ake distinctions. And even as we insist on preserving our liberties, wherever they are threatened, we need to be conscious of, and hold on to, the freedom to make crucial distinctions, to see clearly, to think intelligently and logically, to avoid the siren songs of prejudice, ideology, nationalism,
14、 and sectarianism, of simplistic and reductive rhetoric and propaganda, regardless of their source. As writers, as citizens of the world, we need to rememberas Samuel Beckett said, echoing Chekhov, a century before“ in the particular is contained the universal. “ This seems especially important as p
15、olitical extremists encourage us to think about one other not as human beings but in categories that grow, daily, at once broader and more narrow, coarser, more ignorant, heartless and brutal. As writers, trained to observe, we need to stay exquisitely attuned to the chasm between our own observatio
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