[外语类试卷]2009年12月大学英语四级真题试卷及答案与解析.doc

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1、2009年 12月大学英语四级真题试卷及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing (30 minutes) 1 For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to -write a short essay entitled Creating a Green Campus. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below in Chinese. 1. 建设绿 色校园很重要 2. 绿色校园不仅指绿色的环境 3. 为了建设绿色校园，我们应该 二、 Part II R

2、eading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions attached to the passage. For questions 1-7, mark： Y (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage; N (for

3、 NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage; NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage. 2 College taking another look at values of merit-based aid Good grades and high test scores still matter a lot to many colleges as they award financial aid. But

4、with low-income students projected to make up an ever-larger share of the college-bound population in coming years, some schools are re-examining whether that aid, typically known as “merit aid“, is the most effective use of precious institutional dollars. George Washington University in Washington,

5、 D.C., for example, said last week that it would cut the value of its average merit scholarships by about one-third and reduce the number of recipients(接受者 ), pouring the savings, about $2.5 million, into need-based aid. Allegheny College in Meadville, Pa., made a similar decision three years ago. N

6、ow, Hamilton College in Clinton, N.Y., says it will phase out merit scholarships altogether. No current merit-aid recipients will lose their scholarships, but need-based aids alone will be awarded beginning with students entering in fall 2008. Not all colleges offer merit aid; generally, the more se

7、lective a school, the less likely it is to do so. Harvard and Princeton, for example, offer generous need-based packages, but many families who dont meet need eligibility(资格 ) have been willing to pay whatever they must for a big-name school. For small regional colleges that struggle just to fill se

8、ats, merit aid can be an important revenue-builder because many recipients still pay enough tuition dollars over and above the scholarship amount to keep the institution running. But for rankings-conscious schools in between, merit aid has served primarily as a tool to recruit top students and to im

9、prove their academic profile. “Theyre trying to buy students“, says Skidmore College economist Sandy Baum. Studies show merit aid also tends to benefit disproportionately students who could afford to enroll without it. “As we look to the future, we see a more pressing need to invest in need-based ai

10、d“, says Monica Inzer, dean of admission and financial aid at Hamilton, which has offered merit scholarships for 10 years. During that time, it rose in U.S. News N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage; NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the pa

11、ssage. 2 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 【篇章大意】 美国大学通常来说会把奖学金授予那些有特长的学生，本文叙述了美国大学奖学金政 策的一些转变，他们在重新审视这些基于特长而授予的奖学金是否能真的使有限的用于教育的经费用到实处。文章列举了几个大学的做法。乔治 .华盛顿大学从两方面减少奖学金，一是奖学金的总数；二是人数，并将结余出的 250万奖学金用于那些因家庭贫困，而申请助学金的人身上。阿勒格尼大学三年前就有类似的决定。汉密尔顿大学宣称他们会在不减少当前奖学金的基础上，在 2008年秋季新生中开始实施助学金。有的大学，例如哈佛和普林斯顿大学通常不给学生发奖学金，而是颁发非常慷慨的助学金

12、。但是对于一些地方学校，为了吸引生源，奖学金能保障学校的收 支平衡。埃默里大学的做法是将减少发放贷款，而继续扩大奖学金的规模，因为他们认为在当前经济形势下中产阶级也是受害者。文章的最后介绍了奖学金的发放原则。奖学金通常会颁发给那些有学术、艺术或体育特长的学生们。 第一题是判断推理题。根据题干中的关键词 more and more low-income students将目光锁定在文章的第二段 with low-income students projected to make up an ever-larger share of the college-bound population in

13、coming years， some schools are re-examining whether that aid， typically known as “merit aid“， is the most effective use of precious institutional dollars (随着大量低收入家庭的孩子在未来的大学教育中占据越来越大的比例，一些学校在重新审视他们所实施的奖学金制度是否能够使珍贵的教育经费得到充分利用 )。后面又举出若干大学减少奖学金发放的例子 以证明这个观点。本题中的 A和 C与文章的观点和示例相反，因此可以排除； D在文章中没有提及，可排除。只有

14、 B是对于这部分内容的正确归纳。 3 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 本题是判断推理题。根据关键词 Allegheny College in Meadville锁定文章第三段的最后一句 Allegheny College in Meadville， Pa， made a similar decision three years ago (阿勒格尼大学三年前就有类似决定 )。在这里这个类似决定是什么呢 ?从上下文 可以看出，它的决定和乔治 .华盛顿大学一样，即：减少奖学金的获奖人数和总数，并将结余用在那些因家庭贫困而申请助学金的人身上。 4 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 本题是细节题。根据 r

15、ankings-conscious colleges找到文章的第七段But for rankings-conscious schools in between， merit aid has served primarily as a tool to recruit top students and to improve their academic profile (对于很看重排名的学校，奖学金是一种选拔优等生的很好的手段，从而能够提高这些学校的学术面貌 )。答案 C就是对原文 recruit top students的原意引申。因此答案是 C。 5 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 本题是判断

16、推理题。根据人名 Monica Inzer锁定答案在文章的第九和十段，根据上下文知道这一部分主要说明奖学金极大地有利于那些不能负担得起大学教育的人。他说 As we look to the future， we see a more pressing need to invest in need-based aid(当我们面向未来时，我们看到一个更紧迫的任务就是多投入一些钱在助学金上面 )，同时他还认为 “to be discounting the price for families that dont need financial aid doesnt feel right any mor

17、e“ (给那些不需要资金资助的家庭奖学金看来是不正确的 )，这和答案 D的意思是统一的。 6 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 本题是判断推理题。文 章在第十二、三段讲到奖学金的迅猛发展，比例之大甚至是助学金的 4倍之多。学校提供奖学金主要就是为了招收优等学生。根据题干中的关键词 In recent years找到文章的第十三段，这一段说明人们对于这种盲目扩大奖学金的看法： a growing chorus of critics has begun pressuring schools to drop the practice Recent decisions by Hamilton and o

18、thers may be “a sign that people are starting to realize that theres this destructive competition going on“ (越来越多的批评者开始给学校施加压力以遏制这种行为。汉密尔顿及其他大学的做法 “表明人们开始意识到这种破坏性的竞争的存在 “)。要抓住对原文destructive competition going on的理解。 7 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 本题是判断推理题。根据题干中的关键词找到文章的第十四段，明尼苏达州私立学校联合会主席 David Laird说到 many of hi

19、s schools would like to reduce their merit aid but fear that in doing so， they would lose top students to their competitors (许多学校愿意减少奖学金的数量，但是担心这样做会将那些优等学生拱手让给他们的竞争对手 )，所以他们对于奖学金这件事情是一种矛盾的心理，即认为有必要减少它，但又有担心。对比四个选项， A只是片面地理解了文章这部分的含义，可排除； C和 D在文章中没有 这样的结论。做这道题要注意题干中限定的范围，即私立学校们对于这件事情的看法。 8 【正确答案】 C 【

20、试题解析】 本题是细节题。虽然题干中有关键词 Allegheny College，但目光要锁定在文章的第十六段 A complicating factor is that merit aid has become so popular with middle-income families， who dont qualify for need-based aid， that many have come to depend on it (一个非常重要的因素是奖学金在中产家庭中是非常普遍的，他们没有资格申请助学金，并且会很依赖奖学金 )。这就是为什么阿勒格尼大学没有完全取消奖学金的原因。 9 【

21、正确答案】 qualified 【试题解析】 根据关键词 academic merit scholarships找到文章的倒数第三段，本题是对原句 These merit scholarships usually help students pay tuition bills， and they can be renewed each year as long as the recipients continue to qualify的原意转述。本题的难度在于题目一句话中出现了三个原文词组的同义转换：第一，原文中的 “each year“被转换成了 “annual“；第二，原文中出现的过去分词

22、“renewed“被转换成了名词 “renewal“；第三，原文中的 “continue“被转换成了“remain“。本题空格处对应文章部分应该是 “continue to qualify“，因此有的同学填写的答案就是 “to qualify“，或者 “qualify“，结果是前功尽弃。题目中的第三个同义转换是 “remain“，其主语是 “recipients“，后面应该出现 “qualify“的被动形式，因此本题答案应该是 “qualified“才准确。 10 【正确答案】 recognizes 【试题解析】 答案在文章的倒数第二段，本题是对原句 Recommendation for th

23、ese scholarships is required， since exceptional athletic performance has to be recognized by a coach or a referee的原意转述。但是本题要填 recognizes，因为这个动词在定语从句中做谓语，而且语态是主动语态，注意动词数的变化。 11 【正确答案】 portfolio 【试题解析】 答案在文章的倒数第一段。 Artistic merit scholarships require that applicants excel in a given artistic area This

24、 generally includes any creative field such as art， design， fashion， music， dance or writing Applying for artistic merit scholarships usually requires that students submit a portfolio of some sort，whether that includes a collection of artwork， a recording of a musical performance or a video of them

25、dancing (艺术类的奖学金要求申请者在某个特定的领域有所特长。它包括：艺术、设计、时装、音乐、舞蹈或写作。申请艺术类奖学金要求学生递交某种艺术形式的选辑，无论是艺术品的锦集，还是一张有关音乐表演的录音或舞蹈的光碟都可以 )。通过对整段话的理解，结合这道题的题干，需要填的词是 portfolio。 Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more qu

26、estions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and decide which is the best answer. 12 【听力原文】 M： Excuse me， do you have chan

27、ge for a ten-dollar note? I need to pay the parking meter W： Im sorry But I think you can get it through the money changer in the shopping center across the street. Q： What is the man trying to do? 12 【正确答案】 A 【 试题解析】 本题为推理判断题。对话开始男士就问女士 Excuse me， do you have change for a ten-dollar note?(请问你能找开 10美元的零钱吗 ?)所以男士是要