[外语类试卷]2006年华中科技大学考博英语真题试卷及答案与解析.doc

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1、2006年华中科技大学考博英语真题试卷及答案与解析 一、 Cloze 0 Although most people return from package holidays reasonably satisfied, this is not always the【 C1】 _. Take, for instance, the nightmare experience of a Frenchman who went on【 C2】 _to Colombia The hotel in the small Caribbean port was over-booked. The holidaymake

2、r was【 C3】 _round the streets, looking for a【 C4】_and breakfast place, when he was arrested for vagrancy. He was【 C5】 _, where he told the magistrate that it was the hotels【 C6】 _. The magistrate was the hotel-owners brother, and he charged the tourist【 C7】 _making false accusations and sent him to

3、prison for【 C8】 _had left He had insufficient funds to buy a return ticket, 【 C9】 _he went to the Post Office to send a telegram to his home in Montpellier, asking for money. He was【 C10】 _before he could send it This time he was charged with legal【 C11】 _. It was explained that, having missed his r

4、eturn【 C12】 _, he could no longer be classified as a tourist He now needed a work【 C13】 _, he didnt have one. He was fined $ 500 for this【 C14】_.and a further $ 500 when he again blamed the hotel for overbooking. His【 C15】 _was confiscated because he couldnt pay the fines. He hitch-hiked to Bogota【

5、C16】 _the consulate finally arranged to send him home. All things【 C17】 _, I would prefer to plan my holiday independently. 【 C18】 _my view, its safer to “do it yourself“. And the advantages of planning your holiday yourself are【 C19】 _. If it is well-planned, an independent holiday can usually be g

6、ood【 C20】 _for money. 1 【 C1】 （ A） occurrence （ B） situation （ C） state （ D） case 2 【 C2】 （ A） package （ B） holiday （ C） festival （ D） celebration 3 【 C3】 （ A） strolling （ B） sauntering （ C） wandering （ D） patrolling 4 【 C4】 （ A） accommodation （ B） hotel （ C） bed （ D） lodging 5 【 C5】 （ A） taken to c

7、ourt （ B） brought to the police station （ C） taken to the reform school （ D） sent to prison 6 【 C6】 （ A） fault （ B） blame （ C） duty （ D） responsibility 7 【 C7】 （ A） of （ B） with （ C） for （ D） to 8 【 C8】 （ A） freedom （ B） discharge （ C） release （ D） liberty 9 【 C9】 （ A） and （ B） though （ C） but （ D）

8、so 10 【 C10】 （ A） fined （ B） re-arrested （ C） arrested （ D） punished 11 【 C11】 （ A） citizenship （ B） naturalization （ C） migration （ D） immigration 12 【 C12】 （ A） trip （ B） ticket （ C） flight （ D） journey 13 【 C13】 （ A） license （ B） allowance （ C） permission （ D） permit 14 【 C14】 （ A） crime （ B） off

9、ence （ C） fault （ D） error 15 【 C15】 （ A） luggage （ B） belonging （ C） thing （ D） luggages 16 【 C16】 （ A） when （ B） after （ C） where （ D） while 17 【 C17】 （ A） considered （ B） being considered （ C） were considered （ D） considering 18 【 C18】 （ A） To （ B） In （ C） By （ D） With 19 【 C19】 （ A） considerable

10、 （ B） thinkable （ C） considerate （ D） imaginable 20 【 C20】 （ A） bargain （ B） buy （ C） sale （ D） value 二、 Reading Comprehension 20 An anesthetic is anything that produces a temporary loss of feeling in all or part of the body. Anesthetics are given to those about to undergo surgery or other painful m

11、edical procedures so that they will feel no pain. This also helps the doctors do their job. The patient remains still during the operation. Imagine the horror of having to go through an operation wide awake, with nothing to stop the pain! This is what faced people before the discovery of modem anest

12、hetics in the nineteenth century. Until then doctors and others had tried to anesthetize patients by every means from drugging them or making them drunk to hitting them on the head. Then in the 1940s two American doctors, Crawford Long and William Morton proved that patients who breathed a certain a

13、mount of a gas called ether would remain unconscious, unmoving, and unfeeling for the length of an operation. They would not be subject to agony. Today medical specialists called anesthesiologists employ gases such as nitrous oxide(“laughing gas“), or injected drugs. Sometimes both are administered.

14、 These anesthetics keep patients unconscious for the many hours some complex operations require. For major operations, a general anesthetic is usual. The patient is given a gas or drug that is absorbed by the blood, which then circulates it to the nervous system. As the anesthetic numbs the central

15、nervous system, the body of the person undergoing surgery relaxes and ceases to feel. Some operations, however, require only a local anesthetic. This consists of a drug injected into the area to be operated on, to deaden the local nerves. Only that particular part of the body is affected. If your de

16、ntist has ever given you novocaine before pulling or filling a tooth, you have experienced local anesthesia. A third type of anesthetic is the spinal. An injection of a drug into the spinal cord, which runs along the backbone, completely desensitizes nerves and relaxes muscles in all parts of the bo

17、dy below the point of injection. The patient doesnt feel anything. He or she is spared severe pain. 21 The main purpose of anesthetics is to_. （ A） help people stop thinking during an operation （ B） produce a loss of feeling in all or part of the body （ C） undergo surgery or other painful medical pr

18、ocedures （ D） remain still during the operation 22 It can be inferred from the passage that_. （ A） people in the past did nothing to stop the pain during the operation （ B） drunken people didnt feel pain at all （ C） patients who breathed ether almost died （ D） before the discovery of modern anesthet

19、ics, doctors also tried hard to reduce the pain 23 The word “numbs “(para. 3) probably means_. （ A） deadens （ B） moves （ C） loses （ D） feels 24 Some operations require only a local anesthetic in which_. （ A） you have your teeth pulled or filled （ B） a drug is injected only into the area to be operat

20、ed on （ C） you will receive novocaine （ D） both gases and drugs are to be used 25 When a person is given the third type of anesthetic, _. （ A） he will completely lose consciousness （ B） he will remain still for a longer time （ C） all parts of the body below the point of inject will cease to feel （ D

21、） all parts of the body will not feel anything 25 Naturally the young are more inclined to novelty than their elders and it is in their speech, as it always was, that most of the verbal changes originate. But listening critically to their talk I hear hardly any new words. It is all a matter of using

22、 old words in a new way and then copying each other, for much as they wish to speak differently from their parents, they want even more to speak like people of their own age. A new usage once took time to spread, but now a pop star can falsify it across the world in hours. Of course.it is not only t

23、he young who like to use the latest in-word. While they are describing their idols as smashing, great, lab or cosmic, their parents and the more discriminating of the younger set are also groping for words of praise that are at once apt and fashionable. However, their choice of splendid, brilliant,

24、fantastic and so on will in turn be slightly dimmed by over-use and need replacement Magic is a theme that has regularly supplied words of praise (and the choice must betray something in our nature). Charming, entrancing and enchanting are all based on it So also is marvelous, which has been used so

25、 much that some of its magic has faded while among teenagers wizard had a great run. Another of this group, though you might not think it, is glamorous, which was all the rage in the great days of Hollywood. Glamour was a Scottish dialect form of “grammar“ or “grammarye“ .which itself was an old wor

26、d for enchantment (Grammar means the study of words have always been at the heart of magic.) The change from “r“to“l“may have come about through the association with words like gleaming and glittering. On the whole, when a new word takes over the old ones remain, weakened but still in use, so that t

27、he total stock increases all the time. But Some that start only as slang and never rise above the class can disappear completely. “Did you really say ripping when you were young?“ my granddaughter asked ine, rather like asking if I ever wore a suit of armour. Of course, I did and it was no sillier t

28、han smashing, which some of her contemporaries are still saying. 26 Which of the following is NOT true about young people in their speech? （ A） They use words invented by pop stars. （ B） They copy the speech of their contemporaries. （ C） They give words new meanings. （ D） They invent words that olde

29、r people cannot understand 27 According to the passage, words of praise keep changing because _. （ A） they lose their freshness （ B） there ale more words available in this area （ C） young people are becoming more discriminating （ D） older people try to avoid the in-words of the young 28 The fact tha

30、t magic is a frequent source of words of praise suggests that people_. （ A） lack linguistic originality （ B） have always been interested in magic （ C） arc becoming more superstitious （ D） are interested in magic when young 29 To the authors granddaughter the word“ripping“_. （ A） seems strange and ol

31、d-fashioned （ B） has a clearer meaning than it does for the author （ C） is unacceptable because it is slang （ D） means much the same as“ smashing“ 30 The passage is mainly discussing_. （ A） the difference between the old and the young in using words （ B） the replacement of some words because their o

32、ld fashion （ C） the development of language （ D） the cause of language change 30 I remember meeting him one evening with his pushcart. I had managed to sell all my papers and was coming home in the snow. It was that strange hour in down-town New York when the workers were pouring homeward in the twi

33、light I marched among thousands of tired men and women who the factory whistles had unyoked. They flowed in rivers through the clothing factory districts, then down along the avenues to the East Side. I met my father near Cooper Union. I recognized him, a hunched, frozen figure in an old overcoat st

34、anding by a banana cart. He looked so lonely; the tears came to my eyes. Then he saw me, and his face lit with his sad, beautiful smileCharlie Chaplins smile. “Arch, its Mikey, “ he said. “So you have sold your papers! Come and eat a banana. “ He offered me one. I refused it I felt it crucial that m

35、y father sell his bananas, not give them away. He thought I was shy, and coaxed and joked with me, and made me eat the banana It smelled of wet straw and snow. “You havent sold many bananas today, pop, “ I said anxiously. He shrugged his shoulders. “What can I do? No one seems to want them. “ It was

36、 true. The work crowds pushed homo morosely over the pavements. The rusty sky darkened over New York buildings, the tall street lamps were lit, innumerable trucks, streetcars and elevated trains clattered by. Nobody and nothing in the great city stopped for my fathers bananas. “I ought to yell, “ sa

37、id my father dolefully. “I ought to make a big noise like other peddlers, but it makes my throat sore. Anyway, Im ashamed of yelling.it makes me feel like a fool“ I had eaten one of his bananas. My sick conscience told me that I ought to pay for it somehow. I must remain here and help my father. “Il

38、l yell for you, pop. “I volunteered. “Arch.no, “ he said, “go home, you have worked enough today. Just tell momma Ill be late. “ But I yelled and yelled. My father, standing by, spoke occasional words of praise, and said I was a wonderful yeller. Nobody else paid attention. The workers drifted past

39、us wearily, endlessly; a defeated army wrapped in dreams of home. Elevated trains crashed;the Cooper Union clock burned above us;the sky grew black, the wind poured, the slush burned through our shoes. There were thousands of strange, silent figures pouring over the sidewalks in snow. None of them s

40、topped to buy bananas. I yelled and yelled, nobody listened. My father tried to stop me at last “Nu, “he said smiling to console me, “that was wonderful yelling, Mikey. But it is plain we are unlucky today! Lets go home. “ I was frantic, and almost in tears. I insisted on keeping up my desperate yel

41、ls. But at last my father persuaded me to leave with him. 31 “Unyoked“ in the first paragraph is closest in meaning to_. （ A） sent out （ B） released （ C） dispatched （ D） removed 32 Which of the following in the first paragraph does NOT indicate crowds of people? （ A） Thousands of. （ B） Flowed. （ C）

42、Pouring. （ D） Unyoked. 33 Which of the following is intended to be a pair of contrast in the passage? （ A） Huge crowds and lonely individuals. （ B） Weather conditions and street lamps. （ C） Clattering trains and peddlersyells. （ D） Moving crowds and street tragic. 34 Which of the following words is

43、NOT suitable to describe the character of the son? （ A） Compassionate. （ B） Responsible. （ C） Shy. （ D） Determined. 35 What is the theme of the story? （ A） The misery of the factory workers. （ B） How to survive in a harsh environment （ C） Generation gap between the father and the son. （ D） Love betw

44、een the father and the son. 35 Americans are people obsessed with child-rearing. In their books, magazines, talk shows, parent training courses, White House conferences, and chats over the back fence, they endlessly debate the best ways to raise children. Moreover, Americans do more than debate thei

45、r theories;they translate them into action. They erect playgrounds for the youngsterspleasure, equip large schools for their education, and train skilled specialists for their welfare. Whole industries in America are devoted to making children happy, healthy and wise. But this interest in childhood

46、is relatively new. In fact, until very recently people considered childhood just a brief, unimportant prelude to adulthood and the real business of living. By and large they either ignored children, beat them, or fondled them carelessly, much as we would amuse ourselves with a litter of puppies. Whe

47、n they gave serious thought to children at all, people either conceived of them as miniature adults or as peculiar, unformed animals. Down through the ages the experiences of childhood have been as varied as its duration. Actions that would have provoked a beating in one era elicit extra loving care

48、 in another. Babies who have been nurtured exclusively by their mothers in one epoch are left with day-care workers in another. In some places children have been trained to straddle unsteady canoes, negotiate treacherous mountain passes, and carry heavy bundles on their heads. In other places they h

49、ave bean taught complicated piano concerti and long multiplication tables. But diverse as it has been, childhood has one common experience at its core and that is the social aspect of nurture. All children need adults to bring them up. Because human beings take so long to become independent, we think that civilization may have grown up around the need to feed and protect them. Certainly, from the earliest days of ma