[外语类试卷]2003年中国科学院考博英语真题试卷(精选)及答案与解析.doc
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1、2003年中国科学院考博英语真题试卷(精选)及答案与解析 一、 Structure and Vocabulary 1 The prisoner _ that he had assaulted a policeman. ( A) refused ( B) denied ( C) rejected ( D) declined 2 Human facial expressions differ from those of animals in the degree to which they can be _ controlled and modified. ( A) deliberately (
2、B) consequently ( C) originally ( D) absolutely 3 “Do you like your boss?“ No, he is too _. ( A) in demand ( B) demanded ( C) on demand ( D) demanding 4 If somebody is _, he is given a medal or other honor as an official reward for what he has done. ( A) confirmed ( B) decorated ( C) appreciated ( D
3、) nominated 5 The _ now seems to stand as the primary barrier to a new era of strong economic growth. ( A) defect ( B) descent ( C) deficit ( D) defeat 6 We argued that the sickness or crisis of capitalism was not at heart a technical matter, but a lack of legitimacy with _ to the system itself. ( A
4、) respect ( B) concern ( C) accordance ( D) pertinence 7 When there are not enough volunteers for the armed forces, the government _ additional men. ( A) revises ( B) encourages ( C) suspends ( D) conscripts 8 Ive worked with him now over the course of four years, I know him _. ( A) here and there (
5、 B) back and forth ( C) backwards and forwards ( D) now and then 9 A scientific law is liable at any time to need modifying. This happens when a fact is discovered which seems to _ what the law would lead one to expect. ( A) prove ( B) support ( C) contradict ( D) discourage 10 I said that I could n
6、ot commit myself as my academic time was not yet finished, but I would like to be at their _ later. ( A) disposal ( B) guidance ( C) assistance ( D) supervision 11 Yesterday you were acclaimed; today you are _. Isnt life full of ups and downs? ( A) lauded ( B) censured ( C) savored ( D) appraised 12
7、 The kitchen was small and _ so that the disabled woman could reach everything without difficulty. ( A) complete ( B) complex ( C) composite ( D) compact 13 Nobody at work is very happy, because last weeks sales figures were pretty _. ( A) destroying ( B) depressing ( C) deceasing ( D) declining 14
8、In the morning Bernard was pale and his hand trembled too much even to lift his coffee cup, _ butter his toast. ( A) as well as ( B) rather than ( C) or else ( D) let alone 15 Why not try to follow their carefree example and _ your worries and woes? ( A) take away ( B) leave out ( C) shrug off ( D)
9、break through 16 The amending treaty on European Union can become law only if there is _ agreement to this effect. ( A) overall ( B) unified ( C) overwhelming ( D) unanimous 17 The trouble is that various worldly pressures will make you more, not less, inclined to play it _. ( A) safe ( B) safely (
10、C) to safety ( D) in safety 18 Children who are described as mildly mentally handicapped are often upset to hear themselves described as such, and such terms as “children with learning difficulties“ are now _. ( A) at large ( B) by use ( C) in vogue ( D) for change 19 There are three bodies of writi
11、ng that _ on this question and we will consider each in turn. ( A) bear ( B) live ( C) count ( D) rely 20 The suggested causes of a given phenomenon cannot always be independently observed, and so it is hard to _ the possibility of there being explanations alternative to the one proposed. ( A) accou
12、nt for ( B) rule out ( C) guard against ( D) do with 二、 Cloze 20 Acid rain leads to fish mortality. Many species of fish cannot survive in aquatic environments where the pH is below 5.0. If the water is too acid, the gill systems of many kinds of fish can be damaged.【 21】 , the acid alters the blood
13、 chemistry of all fish. As a result, the fish population in an acidic environment decreases【 22】 becomes extinct. Approximately 20 percent of the lakes in Scandinavia are without fish. Moreover, in Nova Scotia the【 23】 salmon industry may be threatened by the decrease of salmon in rivers and streams
14、. The impact is also【 24】 in the waters of Ontario and Quebec, where fish populations are【 25】 the decline. What potential remedies exist for the acid rain【 26】 ? The experts disagree. Some say new environmental laws should be【 27】 to control the emission of pollutants in the atmosphere. Some say th
15、at if we had known how serious acid rain was, we would have planned【 28】 to prevent it.【 29】 , all agree that if the consumption of fossil fuel were reduced, we would have less of a problem. Another【 30】 is that special scrubbers could be installed in smokestacks to remove a good【 31】 of the polluta
16、nts before they get into the atmosphere. Other ideas even include breeding more【 32】 fish. And research suggests that spreading lime into lakes may be effective in【 33】 acidity. In conclusion, it is clear that if we truly want to reduce the impact of acid rain, a【 34】 of remedies and international c
17、ooperation must be explored. It is a sad fact that acid rain probably could have been avoided if we【 35】 what we know now. ( A) Likewise ( B) Besides ( C) Thus ( D) Otherwise ( A) and ( B) then ( C) hence ( D) or ( A) entire ( B) complete ( C) total ( D) all ( A) imaginable ( B) understandable ( C)
18、considerable ( D) unaccountable ( A) on ( B) to ( C) with ( D) at ( A) matter ( B) issue ( C) affair ( D) question ( A) announced ( B) ordered ( C) imposed ( D) enacted ( A) faster ( B) more ( C) better ( D) harder ( A) Furthermore ( B) Conversely ( C) Accordingly ( D) Nevertheless ( A) possibility
19、( B) perspective ( C) occurrence ( D) opportunity ( A) piece ( B) portion ( C) section ( D) segment ( A) tolerated ( B) tolerant ( C) tolerable ( D) intolerant ( A) descending ( B) declining ( C) reducing ( D) relieving ( A) combination ( B) alliance ( C) mixture ( D) union ( A) know ( B) knew ( C)
20、had known ( D) have known 三、 Reading Comprehension 35 States are considering major changes in prepaid college tuition programs - raising prices, restricting participation of canceling them - as they grapple with financial woes. Nationwide, families will likely have to pay more to participate, or acc
21、ept that they might not cover tuition when children go to college. Colorado has closed its prepaid plan to new investors and told existing ones that it may not cover future tuition increases. Wisconsin stopped selling its plan Dec. 20. Maryland and Illinois are among states hiking prices by 20% or m
22、ore. Prepaid plans let parents lock in tuition by paying for it now, protecting them against rising costs. But the hear market has hurt investment returns, leaving the plans unable to keep up with big increases in tuition. So far, Colorado is the only state that has told participants their investmen
23、ts may not cover tuition, and no plan has missed a payment. Other states have said they will fulfill obligations, even if it requires a legislative bailout. Still, the financial problems have forced thousands to grapple with uncertainty - something prepaid plans were designed to avoid. More than 1 m
24、illion families have an estimated $ 8 billion invested in the plans, says Saving for College. com . Some states, including Colorado, may replace the prepaid plan with a guaranteed investment contract, a CD-like investment thats backed by an insurance company. Investors get a minimum rate of return,
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