ASTM C296-2000(2004)e1 Standard Specification for Asbestos-Cement Pressure Pipe《石棉水泥压力管的标准规范》.pdf

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1、Designation: C 296 00 (Reapproved 2004)e1Standard Specification forAsbestos-Cement Pressure Pipe1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 296; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.

2、A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.e1NOTEAsbestos warning editorially added in February 2005.1. Sc

3、ope1.1 This specification covers asbestos-cement pressure pipefor use in supply lines and distribution systems that carry waterunder pressure. The specification also covers asbestos-cementpressure pipe for use in sewer force mains which carry sewageunder pressure.1.2 The text of this standard refere

4、nces notes and footnoteswhich provide explanatory material. Those notes and footnotes(excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be consideredas requirements of the standard.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard. The values stated in parentheses are for informatio

5、nonly.1.4 WarningBreathing of asbestos dust is hazardous.Asbestos and asbestos products present demonstrated healthrisks for users and for those with whom they come into contact.In addition to other precautions, when working with asbestos-cement products, minimize the dust that results. For informa-

6、tion on the safe use of chrysotile asbestos, refer to “Safe Use ofChrysotile: A Manual on Preventive and Control Measures.”21.5 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appr

7、o-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3C 150 Specification for Portland CementC 458 Test Method for Organic Fiber Content of Asbestos-Cement ProductsC 500 Test Methods for Asbestos-Cement

8、 PipeC 595 Specification for Blended Hydraulic CementsC 618 Specification for Coal Fly Ash and Raw or CalcinedNatural Pozzolan for Use as a Mineral Admixture inConcreteD 1869 Specification for Rubber Rings for Asbestos-Cement PipeD 2946 Terminology for Asbestos and Asbestos-CementProducts2.2 Federal

9、 Standard:Fed. Std. No. 123 Marking for Domestic Shipment (CivilianAgencies)42.3 Military Standard:MIL-STD-129 Marking for Shipment and Storage42.4 Other Documents:AWWA C401 Standard Practice for the Selection ofAsbestos-Cement Water Pipe5Uniform Freight Classification Rules6Motor Freight Classifica

10、tion Rules73. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 couplingsection for joining asbestos-cement pipethat, when properly installed with the proper accessories,develops a joint equivalent in strength and serviceability to thepipe sections.3.1.2 lotfor pipe sizes 525 mm (21 in.) in diameter andsmaller, each

11、 300 lengths of pipe or less, of identical class andsize manufactured on each machine during a 24-h period. Forpipe larger than 525 mm (21 in.) each 300 lengths of pipe orless, of identical class and size manufactured on each machineduring a period of consecutive working days not exceedingseven days

12、.1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C17 onFiber-Cement Products and is the direct responsibility of C17.03 on Asbestos-Cement Sheet Products and Accessories.Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2004. Published January 2005. Originallyapproved in 1952. Last previous edition a

13、pproved in 2000 as C 29600.2Available from The Asbestos Institute, http:/ referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM

14、website.4Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, Bldg. 4 Section D, 700Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094, Attn: NPODS.5Available from American Water Works Association, 6666 West QuinceyAvenue, Denver, CO 80235.6Available from the Uniform Classification Commission, Room 1106, 222

15、 S.Riverside Plaza, Chicago, IL 60606.7Available from National Motor Freight Inc., 1616 “P St. NW, Washington,DC 20036.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.3.2 Definitions for the following terms are presented inTerminolog

16、y D 2946: accessories, crushing strength, cure,flexural strength (in pipes), free lime, hydrostatic strength,organic fiber content, purchaser, silica, supplier, and uncom-bined calcium.4. Classification4.1 Asbestos-cement pipe furnished under this specificationshall conform to Classes 100, 150, and

17、200. These nominaldesignations in psi are equivalent to nominal SI units of 7, 10,and 14 kPa, respectively.NOTE 1The purchaser shall determine the proper class of pipe to beused under the installation and operation conditions anticipated. For thispurpose refer to Standard Practice AWWA C401 83.4.2 T

18、he types of pipe shall be known as Type I and Type IIcorresponding to the chemical requirements in Section 10 ofthis specification.NOTE 2To assist the purchaser in choosing the type of pipe mostsuitable for his use, guidelines for the definition of aggressiveness of waterand of soil environments for

19、 selection of the proper type of asbestos-cement pipe are covered in Test Methods C 500.5. Materials and Manufacture5.1 Asbestos-cement pressure pipe shall be composed of anintimate mixture of portland cement conforming to Specifica-tion C 150, or portland slag cement or pozzolan cementconforming to

20、 Specification C 595, and asbestos fiber, with orwithout finely divided silica or minerals containing such silicaconforming to Specification C 618, that is capable of reactingduring autoclaving to form calcium silicate reaction products inthe ratio of cement:silica equal to 3:2. The mixture shallcon

21、tain no more than 0.2 % of nondeleterious organic additivesas determined by Test Method C 458. The material shall be oflaminar construction formed under pressure to a homogeneousstructure and cured to meet the physical and chemical require-ments of this specification.6. Rubber Rings6.1 The rubber ri

22、ngs used to seal the joints of the asbestos-cement pipe shall conform to the requirements of SpecificationD 1869.7. Hydrostatic Strength7.1 Each standard, random or short length of pipe (Section12) and each coupling sleeve shall be hydrostatically tested bythe manufacturer prior to shipment and shal

23、l have sufficientstrength to withstand the internal hydrostatic pressure pre-scribed in Table 1, when tested in accordance with TestMethods C 500.7.2 From each lot which has passed the routine hydrostaticproof test, one length shall be selected by the inspector. Eachselected length shall be hydrosta

24、tically tested in accordancewith Test Methods C 500 to a pressure of four times the ratedworking pressure for the class of pipe, maintaining suchpressure for not less than 5 s. In case of failure under pressure,refer to 15.5. Each pipe so tested shall be retested in accor-dance with 7.1 of this spec

25、ification.8. Flexural Strength8.1 Each length of pipe in sizes 100, 150, and 200 mm (4,6, and 8 in.) shall have sufficient flexural strength to withstand,without failure, the total load prescribed in Table 2, whentested in accordance with Test Methods C 500. In case offailure under load, refer to 15

26、.4.9. Crushing Strength9.1 When specifically requested by the purchaser in hisorder, crushing tests shall be conducted before shipment at thepurchasers expense. A 30-cm (1-ft) length of pipe for each lotcut from an unmachined portion of the pipe shall havesufficient strength to resist the minimum cr

27、ushing load pre-scribed in Table 3, when tested in accordance with TestMethods C 500.9.2 In case of failure under the crushing load, refer to 15.4.10. Chemical Requirements10.1 When uncombined calcium hydroxide tests are re-quested, one sample shall be taken from each lot of pipe andtested in accord

28、ance with Test Methods C 500. The sample tobe tested shall be taken from one of the specimens selected forthe crushing test. The amount of uncombined calcium hydrox-ide shall not exceed 1.0 % for Type II pipe.NOTE 3There are no chemical requirements for Type I pipe.10.2 In case a specimen fails to m

29、eet the 1 % limit, refer to15.6.11. Sampling11.1 All pipe and couplings tested under this specificationshall be in a normal air-dried condition in equilibrium withatmospheric moisture.12. Sizes and Dimensions12.1 Couplings and coupling areas of pipe shall be ma-chined or otherwise finished to such d

30、imensions as will providetight joints when assembled with proper accessories and putinto service for which the pipe is intended.12.2 Pipe shall be manufactured with nominal inside diam-eters of 102, 152, 203, 254, 304, 356, 406, 457, 508, 610, 762,and 914 mm (4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 24, 30,

31、 and 36 in.)in Classes 100, 150, and 200 as defined in Section 3. Theaverage diameters of standard and random lengths shall be lessTABLE 1 Applied Hydrostatic Proof PressuresClass(nominal psi)Applied PressureMPa (psi)100 2.4 (350)150 3.6 (525)200 4.8 (700)TABLE 2 Applied Flexural Proof LoadsNominal

32、Size Total Applied Load, kN (lbf)mm in. Class 100 Class 150 Class 200100 4 5.3 (1200) 6.6 (1470) 8.4 (1870)150 6 12.5 (2800) 16.5 (3700) 21.8 (4900)200 8 25.9 (5330) 33.8 (7600) 45.1 (10130)C 296 00 (2004)e12than the nominal by not more than 5.0 %, when measuredapproximately 75 mm (3 in.) from the e

33、nd.12.3 The standard length shall be 3960 6 25 mm (13 ft 61 in.). Alternative lengths shall be 3050 6 25 mm (10 ft 6 1in.) for 100 and 200 mm (4 and 6 in.) pipe and 4880 6 25 mm(16 ft 6 1 in.) for 360 mm (14 in.) and larger pipe. At least85 % of the combined total length of pipe of any one class,typ

34、e, and size, excluding short lengths, shall be furnished instandard lengths. The remaining 15 % shall be in randomlengths of not less than2m(7ft). Short lengths, whenspecifically ordered, shall not exceed2m(7ft).13. Workmanship and Finish13.1 Machined ends of the pipe that receive the couplingshall

35、be free of dents and gouges that will affect the tightnessof the joint.13.2 Each pipe shall be free of bulges, dents, and tears in theinside surface that result in a variation in diameter of more than5 mm (0.2 in.) from that obtained on adjacent unaffectedportions of the surface.13.3 Each length of

36、pipe shall not vary in straightness bymore than 0.04 mm/m (0.05 in./ft) of length when the variationis measured in accordance with Test Methods C 500.14. Marking and Shipping14.1 Each standard and random length of pipe shall bemarked by the manufacturer with the trade name, nominal size,class, hydro

37、static proof pressure, and date of manufacture.Each coupling sleeve, if made of the same material as the pipe,shall be marked by the manufacturer with the nominal size,class, and the letter “T to indicate that it has been hydrostati-cally tested.14.2 Pipe and couplings shall be prepared for commerci

38、alshipment so as to ensure acceptance by common or othercarriers.15. Inspection and Rejection15.1 All material furnished under this specification shallconform to the requirements stated herein and shall be sub-jected to the factory inspection and tests prescribed in thisspecification. When requested

39、 by the purchaser in his order, thesupplier shall notify the purchaser of the time that the inspec-tion and testing will take place so that the purchaser shallarrange for witnessing such tests and inspections at his ownexpense. Instead of such inspection, when requested, thesupplier shall certify th

40、at his product conforms to the require-ments of this specification.15.2 Each pipe and coupling shall be inspected by thesupplier, before shipment, for compliance with the standardsfor dimensions, tolerances, and workmanship and finish (seealso Section 11).15.3 Failure of any specimen tested for crus

41、hing strength towithstand 75 % of the load specified in Section 8 shall be causefor rejection of the lot from which the test specimen was taken.15.4 When any specimen tested for crushing strength with-stands over 75 % but under 100 % of the load specified inSection 9, one specimen shall be cut from

42、each of twoadditional pipes of the same lot and be tested. Failure of eitherof these additional specimens to meet the strength requirementsof Section 9 shall be cause for rejection of the entire lot fromwhich the original sample was taken.15.5 If any pipe subjected to the hydrostatic test describedi

43、n Test Methods C 500 fails to withstand the higher pressurespecified in 7.2, two additional lengths of the same size andclass shall be selected from the pipe manufactured during thesame shift and shall be subjected to the higher hydrostatic test.The failure of one of these additional lengths to with

44、stand thespecified pressure shall be cause for rejection of the entire lotof that size and class manufactured during the same shift as thetest lengths.15.6 If the results of the uncombined calcium hydroxide testshow that the sample failed to meet the specification require-ments, two additional speci

45、mens shall be selected and sampledfor test. The failure of one of these two additional samples tomeet the specification requirements of Section 8 shall be causefor rejection of the lot.16. Keywords16.1 asbestos-cement; pipe; pressure pipeTABLE 3 Minimum Crushing Loads per Unit LengthNominal Size Cru

46、shing Strength, kN/m (lbf/ft)Class 100 Class 150 Class 200mm in. kN/m (lbf/ft) kN/m (lbf/ft) kN/m (lbf/ft)00 4 60 (4100) 79 (5400) 127 (8700)150 6 58 (4000) 79 (5400) 131 (9000)200 8 58 (4000) 80 (5500) 136 (9300)250 10 64 (4400) 102 (7000) 161 (11000)300 12 76 (5200) 111 (7600) 172 (11800)360 14 76

47、 (5200) 126 (8600) 197 (13500)410 16 85 (5800) 134 (9200) 225 (15400)460 18 95 (6500) 147 (10100) 254 (17400)C 296 00 (2004)e13SUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTSThe following supplementary requirements shall apply when material is supplied under thisspecification for U.S. Government procurement.S1. Packagin

48、gS1.1 Unless otherwise specified in the contract, the materialshall be packaged in accordance with the producers standardpractice which will be acceptable to the carrier at lowest rates.Containers and packing shall comply with Uniform FreightClassification Rules6or National Motor Freight Classificat

49、ionRules.7Marking for shipment of such material shall be inaccordance with Fed. Std. No. 123 for civil agencies andMIL-STD-129 for military agencies.S2. Responsibility for InspectionS2.1 Unless otherwise specified in the contract or purchaseorder, the supplier is responsible for the testing of all materialto assure compliance with the requirements specified herein.Except as otherwise specified in the contract or order, thesupplier shall use his own or any other suitable facilities for theperformance of the inspection and te