ASTM C260-2006 Standard Specification for Air-Entraining Admixtures for Concrete《混凝土引气剂的标准规范》.pdf

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1、Designation: C 260 06Standard Specification forAir-Entraining Admixtures for Concrete1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 260; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in

2、 parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope*1.1 This specification covers materials proposed for use asair-en

3、training admixtures to be added to concrete mixtures inthe field.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard. The values given in parentheses are for informationonly.1.3 The text of this specification references notes andfootnotes which provide explanatory material. These not

4、es andfootnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not beconsidered as requirements of the standard.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C 183 Practice for Sampling and the Amount of Testing ofHydraulic CementC 185 Test Method for Air Content of Hydraulic CementMortarC 233 Test Meth

5、od for Air-Entraining Admixtures for Con-crete3. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 air-entraining admixture, nfor the purpose of thisspecification, a material that is used as an ingredient ofconcrete, added to the batch immediately before or during itsmixing, for th

6、e purpose of entraining air.4. General Requirements4.1 At the request of the purchaser, the manufacturer shallstate in writing that the air-entraining admixture supplied foruse in the work is essentially identical in concentration,composition, and performance to the air-entraining admixturetested un

7、der this specification.NOTE 1It is recommended that, whenever practicable, tests with theair-entraining admixture be made using all of the ingredients of theconcrete proposed for the specific work, because the effect produced bythe air-entraining admixture may vary with the properties of the otherin

8、gredients of the concrete.4.2 Requirements for establishing compositional or chemi-cal equivalence of a subsequent lot relative to a previous lotthat was subjected to quality tests and found to comply with therequirements of 5.1 shall be determined if agreed upon by thepurchaser and the manufacturer

9、. At the request of the pur-chaser, the manufacturer shall recommend appropriate testprocedures, such as infrared spectrophotometry (I.R.), pHvalue and solids content, for establishing the equivalence ofmaterials from different lots or different portions of the samelot.NOTE 2Ultraviolet light absorp

10、tion (UV) of solutions and infraredspectroscopy of dried residues have been found to be valuable for thesepurposes. The specific procedures to be employed and the criteria toestablish equivalence should be stipulated with due regard to the compo-sition and properties of the sample.4.3 At the request

11、 of the purchaser, the manufacturer shallstate in writing the chloride content of the air-entrainingadmixture and whether or not chloride was added during itsmanufacture.NOTE 3Admixtures that contain chlorides may accelerate corrosionof embedded metals.5. Optional Uniformity Requirements5.1 A series

12、 of two or more samples from a manufacturinglot will be considered sufficiently uniform to be properlycomposited into a single sample for quality testing providedthey do not differ more than the amounts indicated in 5.4.5.2 A subsequent sample or composite sample shall beconsidered in compliance wit

13、h these requirements, so long asthey differ from the original sample, tested to the requirementsof 6.1, by no more than the amounts listed in 5.4, and providedthat any additional optional, appropriate tests, such as infraredspectroscopy and ultraviolet light absorption, referred to in 4.2,also meet

14、pre-agreed requirements.1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C09 onConcrete and Concrete Aggregates and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeC09.23 on Chemical Admixtures.Current edition approved Aug. 1, 2006. Published August 2006. Originallyapproved in 1950. Last

15、previous edition approved in 2001 as C 260 01.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1*A Summary of

16、Changes section appears at the end of this standard.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.5.3 Determinations of uniformity shall be made in accor-dance with the procedures given in the sections “Check Testsfor Uniformity” an

17、d “Procedure for Residue by Oven Drying”of Test Method C 233.5.4 Allowable differences in results of uniformity determi-nations shall not exceed the following amounts:5.4.1 The manufacturer shall provide an acceptable range ofpH not to exceed a range of 3.0. The pH of samples tested shallfall within

18、 this range.5.4.2 The air content in percent of Test Method C 185mortars prepared from successive lots shall not differ by morethan 2.0 from that for the acceptance sample.5.4.3 The manufacturer shall provide acceptable limits ofresidue content not to exceed 612 % of the midpoint of thelimits. The r

19、esidue content of samples tested shall fall withinthese limits (Note 4).NOTE 4As an example, an admixture may commonly be producedwith residue content ranging from 5.0 to 6.5 %. The manufacturer wouldprovide acceptable limits of 5.06 to 6.44 %, representing 612 % of themidpoint of the limits which i

20、s 5.75 %.6. Performance Requirements6.1 The air-entraining admixture shall conform to the re-quirements in Table 1.6.1.1 Resistance to Freezing and ThawingThe relativedurability factor of concrete containing the admixture undertest shall be not less than 80. The relative durability factor shallbe ca

21、lculated as follows:DF or DF1! 5 PN/300 (1)RDF 5 DF/DF1! 3 100where:DF = durability factor of the concrete containing theadmixture under test,DF1= durability factor of the concrete containing thereference admixture,P = relative dynamic modulus of elasticity in percent-age of the dynamic modulus of e

22、lasticity at zerocycles (values of P will be 60 or greater),N = number of cycles at which P reaches 60 %, or 300if P does not reach 60 % prior to the end of the test(300 cycles), andRDF = relative durability factor.6.1.2 Length ChangeAfter 14 days of drying, the lengthchange of the concrete containi

23、ng the test admixture shall notbe more than 120 % of that of the concrete containing thereference admixture. When, after 14 days of drying, the lengthchange of the reference concrete is less than 0.030 %, thelength change of the concrete containing the test admixtureshall not be more than 0.006 perc

24、entage points greater than thatof the reference concrete.7. Sampling7.1 Opportunity shall be provided the purchaser for carefulsampling and inspection, either at the point of manufacture orat the site of the work, as specified by the purchaser.7.2 Samples shall be either “grab” or “composite” sample

25、s,as specified or required by this specification. A grab sample isone obtained in a single operation. A composite sample is oneobtained by combining three or more grab samples.7.3 For the purpose of this specification, it is recognized thatsamples will be taken for the two following reasons:7.3.1 Qu

26、ality TestsA sample taken for the purpose ofevaluating the quality of a source or lot of admixture will berequired to meet all the applicable requirements of thisspecification. Samples used to determine conformance with therequirements of this specification shall be composites of grabsamples taken f

27、rom sufficient locations to ensure that thecomposite sample will be representative of the lot.7.3.2 Uniformity TestsA sample taken for the purpose ofevaluating the uniformity of a single lot or of different lotsfrom the same source will generally be subjected to a limitednumber of tests as the resul

28、t of agreement between thepurchaser and manufacturer (see Section 4). Such samplesshall be composite samples from individual lots when differentlots from the same source are being compared. When theuniformity of a single lot is being determined, grab samplesshall be used.7.4 Liquid Air-Entraining Ad

29、mixturesLiquid admixturesshall be agitated thoroughly immediately prior to sampling.Grab samples taken for quality or uniformity tests shallrepresent not more than 9500 L (2500 gal) of admixture andshall have a volume of at least 1 L (1 qt). A minimum of threegrab samples shall be taken. Composite s

30、amples shall beprepared by thoroughly mixing the grab samples selected andthe resultant mixture sampled to provide at least 4 L (1 gal) forTABLE 1 Physical RequirementsAAir-Entraining AdmixturesTime of setting, allowable deviation from control,h:min:Initial: not more than 1:15 earliernor 1:15 laterF

31、inal: not more than 1:15 earliernor 1:15 laterCompressive strength, min, % of control:3 days 907 days 9028 days 90Flexural strength, min, % of control:B3 days 907 days 9028 days 90Length change, max shrinkage(alternative requirements):B,CPercent of control 120Increase over control, percentage points

32、D0.006Relative durability factor, min 80Bleeding of the net amount of mixing water, maxpercent over controlE2AThe values in the table include allowance for normal variation in test results.The object of the 90 % compressive strength requirement for air entrainingadmixtures is to require a level of p

33、erformance comparable to that of the referenceconcrete.BApplicable only when required by the purchaser.CAlternative requirements, see 6.1.2, “percent of control” limit applies when thelength change of the control is 0.030 % or greater, “increase over control” limitapplies when the length change of t

34、he control is less than 0.030 %.DApplicable when shrinkage of control concrete is less than 0.030 %.EBleeding is computed as a percentage of the net amount of mixing water ineach concrete. The net mixing water is the water in excess of that present asabsorbed water in the aggregates. For example, a

35、test concrete mixture thatcontains 4.65 kg of net mix water and produces 0.29 kg of bleed water would have6.24 % bleed water by mass of net mixing water. If a control mixture produces7.05 % bleed water, the change in bleeding between the test and control concretemixtures would be 0.81 percentage poi

36、nts.C260062quality tests. Grab samples shall be taken from differentlocations well distributed throughout the quantity to be repre-sented.7.4.1 Admixtures in bulk storage tanks shall be sampledequally from the upper, intermediate, and lower levels bymeans of drain cocks in the sides of the tanks or

37、a weightedsampling bottle fitted with a stopper that can be removed afterthe bottle is lowered to the desired depth.7.4.2 Samples shall be packaged in impermeable, airtightcontainers that are resistant to attack by the admixture.7.5 Nonliquid Air-Entraining AdmixturesGrab samplestaken for quality or

38、 uniformity tests shall represent not morethan 2 metric tons (2 tons) of admixture and shall have a massof at least 1 kg (2 lb). A minimum of four grab samples shallbe taken. Composite samples shall be prepared by thoroughlymixing the grab samples selected and the resultant mixturesampled to provide

39、 at least 2.5 kg (5 lb) for the compositesample. Grab samples shall be taken from different locationswell distributed throughout the quantity to be represented.7.5.1 Samples of packaged admixtures shall be obtained bymeans of a tube sampler as described in Practice C 183.7.5.2 Samples shall be packa

40、ged in moisture-proof, airtightcontainers.7.6 Samples shall be thoroughly mixed before testing toassure uniformity. When recommended by the manufacturer,the entire sample of a nonliquid admixture shall be dissolved inwater prior to testing.8. Test Methods8.1 Determine the properties enumerated in Se

41、ction 6 inaccordance with Test Method C 233. It is recommended that,whenever practicable, tests be made in accordance with thesection on Materials for Tests for Specific Uses in Test MethodC 233, using the cement proposed for the specific work.9. Rejection9.1 The air-entraining admixture shall be re

42、jected if thepurchaser desires when it fails to meet any of the applicablerequirements of this specification.9.2 After completion of tests, an admixture stored at thepoint of manufacture for more than 6 months prior to shipment,or an admixture in local storage in the hands of a seller formore than 6

43、 months, shall be retested before use whenrequested by the purchaser. It shall be rejected, if the purchaserdesires, when it fails to conform to any of the applicablerequirements of this specification.9.3 Packages or containers varying more than 5 % from thespecified weight or volume shall be reject

44、ed if the purchaserdesires. If the average weight or volume of 50 packages orcontainers taken at random is less than that specified, the entireshipment shall be rejected if the purchaser desires.10. Packaging and Marking10.1 The proprietary name of the air-entraining admixtureand the net quantity in

45、 pounds or gallons (kilograms or litres)shall be plainly indicated on the packages or containers inwhich the admixture is delivered. Similar information shall beprovided in the shipping advices accompanying packaged orbulk shipments of admixtures.11. Keywords11.1 air content; air entraining admixtur

46、es; cement; con-crete; pH, residue; specific gravitySUMMARY OF CHANGESCommittee C09 has identified the location of selected changes to this specification since the last issue,C 260 01, that may impact the use of this specification. (Approved August 1, 2006)(1) Revised 5.4.1.ASTM International takes

47、no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own respo

48、nsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed

49、 to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress