ASTM B830-1997(2003) Standard Specification for Uniform Test Methods and Frequency《均匀试验方法和频率标准规范》.pdf

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1、Designation: B 830 97 (Reapproved 2003)Standard Specification forUniform Test Methods and Frequency1This standard is issued under the fixed designation B 830; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revisio

2、n. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers a standard basis for uniformtesting and frequency to determine physical and electricalcompliance for al

3、uminum and copper drawing stock, andaluminum and copper conductors.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are standard, withthe exception of resistivity. The SI equivalents of inch-poundunits may be approximate.2. Referenced Documents2.1 The following documents of the issue in effect on dateof ma

4、terial purchase form a part of this specification to theextent referenced herein.2.2 ASTM Standards:E 29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data toDetermine Conformance with Specifications22.3 Other Documents:National Bureau of Standards Handbook 100,Copper WireTables3Canadian Standards A

5、ssociation CAN/CSA-ISO 9000-1-94Quality Management Quality Assurance Standards Part 1:Guidelines for Selection and Use42.4 ANSI Standards:ANSI/ISO/ASQC A3534-1-1993 Statistics-Vocabulary andSymbols-Probability and General Statistical Terms5ANSI/ISO/ASQC A3534-2-1993 Statistics-Vocabulary andSymbols-

6、Statistical Quality Control5ANSI/ISO/ASQC Q9004-1-1994 Quality Management andQuality System Elements-Guidelines5ANSI/ASQC C1-1996 Specification of General Require-ments for a Quality Program5ANSI/ASQC Z1.4-1993 Sampling Procedures and Tablesfor Inspection by Attributes53. Terminology3.1 Definitions

7、of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 acceptable quality level (AQL)the maximum per-cent nonconforming (or the maximum number of nonconfor-mities per hundred units) that, for purposes of samplinginspection, can be considered as a process average.3.1.2 average outgoing quality (AOQ)the average qua

8、lityof outgoing product, including all accepted lots or batches, plusall lots or batches not accepted after such lots or batches havebeen effectively 100 % inspected and all nonconforming unitsreplaced by conforming units.CPKProcess Performance Index.3.1.3.1 DiscussionCapability in Relation to Spec

9、Mean:USL = 5.0LSL = 1.0MEAN = 2.0Standard deviation (s) = 0.5CPK tells the capability of a process based upon the worst case view of thedata.The equation is:CPK = the lesser of:USL 2 MEAN!3sorMEAN 2 LSL!3s(1)For example:CPK 55.02.0!1.5or2.01.0!1.5(2)5 2.0 or 0.675 0.67A negative value for CPK indica

10、tes that the mean is outsidethe specification limits. A CPK of zero indicates that the meanis equal to one of the specification limits. A CPK between 0 and1.0 means that part of the 6 sigma limits falls outside thespecification limits. A CPK of 1.0 means that one end of the 6sigma limits falls on a

11、specification limit. A CPK larger than1.0 means that the 6 sigma limits fall completely within thespecification limits.1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B01 onElectrical Conductors and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B01.02 onMethods of Test and Sampling Pr

12、ocedure.Current edition approved October 1, 2003. Published October 2003. Originallyapproved in 1993. Last previous edition approved in 1997 as B 830 97.2Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.02.3Available from National Technical Information Service (NTIS), U.S. Depart-ment of Commerce, 5285 Port Ro

13、yal Rd., Springfield, VA 22161.4Available from Canadian Standards Association (CSA), 178 Rexdale Blvd.,Toronto, ON Canada M9W1R3.5Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,4th Floor, New York, NY 10036.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C70

14、0, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.Capability indices are useful tools in the analysis of capa-bility data. The most useful index is CPK, since it formulatescapability in a manner that relates to shifts in the mean of thedistribution away from the midpoint.3.1.4 lota group of product

15、ion units of one type and sizeof wire, which were produced during the same time periodunder similar production conditions, and are presented foracceptance at the same time. The mass will be defined in theASTM document for the specific product to be tested.3.1.5 process averagethe average percent non

16、conformingor average number of nonconformities per hundred units(whichever is applicable) of product submitted by the supplierfor original inspection. Original inspection is the first inspec-tion of a particular quantity of product as distinguished fromthe inspection of product that has been resubmi

17、tted after priorrejection. When double or multiple sampling is used, only thefirst sample results shall be included in the process averagecalculation.3.1.6 production unita coil, reel, spool, or other packageof drawing stock/wire that represents a single usable length.3.1.7 samplethe production unit

18、 or units from which a testspecimen or specimens have been removed and which areconsidered to have properties representative of the lot.3.1.8 specimena length of drawing stock/wire removedfor test purposes.4. Methods for Ensuring Product Compliance4.1 Acceptance Sampling:4.1.1 When acceptance sampli

19、ng is used, statistical sam-pling of each lot shall be presented for inspection in accordancewith ANSI/ASQC Z1.4-1993. Sampling of each lot shall bepresented for normal inspection in accordance with the sam-pling system described by ANSI/ASQC Z1.4-1993.4.1.2 Diameter and tensile shall be tested usin

20、g GeneralInspection Level 1 with an AQL (acceptable quality level) of4.0 %. (See Table 1.)4.1.3 Resistivity shall be tested using Special InspectionLevel S-4 with an AQL of 4.0 %. (See Table 2.)4.1.4 All other material properties shall be tested per thespecific level and AQL in ANSI/ASQC Z1.4-1993 a

21、s requiredin the ASTM specification for the specific product.4.1.5 Test records shall meet the requirements of ANSI/ASQC Q9001-1994, Section 4.16.4.2 Conformance Criteria:4.2.1 Failure of a specimen to conform to the applicablerequirements of ASTM shall constitute failure of the produc-tion unit fro

22、m which the specimen was taken. Sampling of eachlot shall be switched according to the rules described inANSI/ASQC Z1.4-1993. (See Fig. 1.)4.2.2 Any lot of drawing stock/wire that has been sampledin accordance with 4.1.2, 4.1.3, or 4.1.4, and from which thenumber of specimens failing to comply with

23、the requirementsdoes not equal or exceed the appropriate reject number of thesampling Table 1 used, shall be considered as complying withthe requirements of ASTM.4.2.3 Rejected lots may be screened to remove nonconform-ing production units by testing one specimen from eachproduction unit in the lot

24、for the failing characteristic.4.2.4 Sample SizeThe sample size shall be the number ofproduction units selected.4.3 Provisions for Skip-lot Inspection:4.3.1 When reduced inspection is in effect (see 4.2), skip-lotinspection shall be allowed when the preceding ten lots havebeen accepted in accordance

25、 with ANSI/ASQC Z1.4-1993.Skip-lot testing shall be in accordance with ANSI/ASQCS1-1987.4.3.2 When skip-lot inspection is in effect, normal inspec-tion (see 4.1) shall be instituted if any lot is found unaccept-able.4.4 When skip-lot inspection (see 4.3) is in effect, and thepreceding ten inspected

26、lots have been accepted, audit inspec-tion shall be instituted by the manufacturer in accordance withthe following statistical process control (SPC) program re-quirements.4.4.1 CPK 1.0 for 10 lots in control with less than 2out-of-control indications.5. Statistical Process Control5.1 When statistica

27、l process control (SPC) is used, themanufacturer shall comply with CSA Standard Z299.3, Section3.5, ANSI/ASQC Q9004-1-1994, Sections 10 and 20.5.1.1 Basic inspection and testing system requirements shallconform to ANSI/ASQC Q9001-1994, Section 4.10.5.2 Statistical Techniques:5.2.1 Identify and class

28、ify product, process, and servicecharacteristics for which statistical techniques will be used asbasis for the assurance and control of quality and acceptance orrejection of lots.TABLE 1 Sampling for Diameter and Tensile Properties Except JointsNOTEThis sampling plan was taken from ANSI/ASQC Z1.4-19

29、93. General Inspection Level I, normal sampling was used, with an AQL (AcceptanceQuality Level) of 4.0 %.Number of Units in Lot Sample Sample SizeCumulativeSample SizeAcceptanceNumberRejectNumber1 to 3 firstAall all 0 14 to 90 firstA3391 to 280 first 8 8 0 2second 8 16 1 2281 to 500 firstsecond13131

30、3260334501 to 1200 first 20 20 1 4second 20 40 4 5ASingle sampling onlyB 830 97 (2003)25.2.2 When statistical techniques are used, the propertybeing evaluated shall comply with the requirements of theapplicable ASTM standard. The process performance index(CPK) shall not be less than 1.0. A process p

31、erformance index(CPK) of 1.3 should be considered a goal.5.2.3 Other physical or electrical properties shall havestatistical techniques applied at the suppliers option or ifspecified in the applicable ASTM standard.5.2.4 Select appropriate statistical techniques and confi-dence levels for process co

32、ntrol and product acceptance andindicate the basis for selection. Control charts and statisticaldata shall follow ASTM Manual 76for form, style, and datapresentation.5.2.5 Apply the statistical techniques selected, review themfor adequacy, and monitor their application to ensure thespecified ASTM re

33、quirements are met.5.2.6 Include or reference the selected statistical techniquesused for product or service acceptance or special processmonitoring specified in the inspection and test plan(s), ANSI/ASQC Q9001-1994, Sections 4.10 and 4.20.5.3 Quality Audits:5.3.1 Control charts following the form a

34、nd style of ASTMManual 76shall be provided, if requested, to the customer witheach order that is representative of the processes used in themanufacture of the product.5.3.2 Records shall be kept in accordance with ANSI/ASQCQ9001-1994, Section 4.16.6. Keywords6.1 acceptable quality level (AQL); avera

35、ge outgoing qual-ity (AOQ); control chart; lot; lower specification limit (LSL);process average; process control ratio (CPK); skip-lot inspec-tion; statistical process control (SPC); upper specification limit(USL)6Manual on Presentation of Data and Control Chart Analysis, ASTM Manual 7,ASTM, 1992.TA

36、BLE 2 Sampling for Resistivity PropertiesNOTEThis sampling plan was taken from ANSI/ASQC Z1.4-1993. Special Inspection Level S-4, normal sampling was used, with an AQL(Acceptance Quality Level) of 4.0 %.Number of Units in Lot Sample Sample SizeCumulativeSample SizeAcceptanceNumberRejectNumber1 to 3

37、firstAall all 0 14 to 90 firstA3391 to 500 first 8 8 0 2second 8 16 1 2501 to 1200 first 13 13 0 3second 13 26 3 4ASingle sampling onlyFIG. 1 Switching Rules for ANSI/ASQC Z1.4-1993 SystemB 830 97 (2003)3ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in co

38、nnection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the respo

39、nsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful

40、 consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International,

41、100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).B 830 97 (2003)4