ASTM B418-2009 Standard Specification for Cast and Wrought Galvanic Zinc Anodes《铸造和锻造镀锌阳极的标准规范》.pdf

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1、Designation: B418 09Standard Specification forCast and Wrought Galvanic Zinc Anodes1This standard is issued under the fixed designation B418; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in pa

2、rentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope*1.1 This specification covers cast and wrought galvanic zincanodes us

3、ed for the cathodic protection of more noble metalsand alloys in sea water, brackish water, other saline electro-lytes, or other corrosive environments.1.2 Type I anodes are most commonly used for suchapplications. The Type I anode composition in this specifica-tion meets the chemical composition re

4、quirements of MIL-A-18001K.1.3 Zinc anodes conforming to this specification may beused in other waters, electrolytes, backfills, and soils whereexperience has shown that the specified composition is efficientand reliable. Type II anodes are most commonly used for suchapplications.1.4 The values stat

5、ed in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information onlyand are not considered standard.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use

6、. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to become familiarwith all hazards including those identified in the appropriateMaterial Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) for this product/materialas provided by the manufacturer, to establish appropriatesafety and health practices, and determine the ap

7、plicability ofregulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2B6 Specification for ZincB899 Terminology Relating to Non-ferrous Metals andAlloysE29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data toDetermine Conformance with SpecificationsE527 Practice for Numbering

8、 Metals and Alloys in theUnified Numbering System (UNS)E536 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Zinc and ZincAlloys2.2 Military Standard:3MIL-A-18001K w/INT. AMENDMENT 3, 24 October2007 Military SpecificationAnodes Sacrificial ZincAlloy2.3 ISO Standards:4ISO 3815-1 Zinc and zinc alloys Part 1:Anal

9、ysis of solidsamples by optical emission spectrometryISO 3815-2 Zinc and zinc alloys Part 2: Analysis byinductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry3. Terminology3.1 Terms shall be defined in accordance with TerminologyB899.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 cathodi

10、c protection, nreduction of corrosion bymaking the protected metal the cathode in a conductingmedium by applying direct current.3.2.2 galvanic anode, na metal electrode that sacrificiallycorrodes when coupled to a more noble metal in a conductingmedium, and thereby supplies a protective electric cur

11、rent tothe noble electrode.3.2.3 ribbon anode, na long, continuous sacrificial anodeshape, with a diamond, square, rectangular, oval, or othercross-section, most commonly made of zinc, magnesium oraluminum, having a core wire normally made of steel, that isusually supplied in coils or reels of 100 t

12、o 3600 ft dependingupon size and cross-section.3.2.4 saline electrolyte, na solution consisting of mainlythe chlorides of the alkali metals.4. Ordering Information4.1 Orders for anodes under this specification shall includethe following information:4.1.1 ASTM designation and year of issue,1This spec

13、ification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B02 onNonferrous Metals and Alloys and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeB02.04 on Zinc and Cadmium.Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2009. Published October 2009. Originallyapproved in 1964. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as B41

14、8 08. DOI:10.1520/B0418-09.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from Standardization Do

15、cuments Order Desk, DODSSP, Bldg. 4,Section D, 700 Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5098, http:/www.dodssp.daps.mil.4Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http:/www.ansi.org.1*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of

16、this standard.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.4.1.2 Type of anode material (see Table 1),4.1.3 Quantity in pounds,4.1.4 Number of anodes,4.1.5 Size of anode and whether contains rod insert and ifso, type of insert and

17、whether contains bolt hole and if so,whether threaded.4.1.6 Whether marking for identification is required includ-ing the marking patterns, if required, and4.1.7 Whether certification is required.5. Chemical Composition5.1 The anode shall be made from Special High Grade zincconforming to Specificati

18、on B6, with suitable alloying addi-tions for Type I anodes. Composition of the anode alloy contentshall conform to the limits prescribed in Table 1.5.2 Evidence from laboratory tests shows that Type Icomposition may suffer intergranular corrosion. Susceptibilityto intergranular corrosion increases w

19、ith increasing tempera-ture and is particularly severe above approximately 120F(50C). Intergranular corrosion can be avoided (at tempera-tures above about 120F) with Type II composition, whichmust be made from special high-grade zinc with an ironcontent well below the 0.003 % maximum given in Specif

20、ica-tion B6.6. Methods of Chemical Analysis6.1 The chemical compositions enumerated in this specifi-cation shall, in case of disagreement, preferably be determinedby methods mutually agreed upon or the methods listed inTable 2 (note: spectrochemical methods may includeISO 3815-1, ISO 3815-2) approve

21、d for referee purposes byASTM. Test Methods E536 shall be used, except for Type II.7. Bolt Holes and Threads7.1 For anodes with integral inserts intended for attachmentby bolting, it is recommended that a bolt-hole spacing of 6 in.(152 mm) or even multiples thereof be used.7.2 Anodes with projecting

22、 rod inserts threaded for attach-ment by means of a bolted connection shall have UnifiedNational Coarse threads.8. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance8.1 The zinc anodes shall be free of flash, burrs, cracks,blow holes, and surface slag, consistent with good commercialpractice. Cast anodes shall not

23、 have shrinkage cavities exceed-ing14 the depth of the anode or 1 in. (25.4 mm), whichever issmaller when measured from a straightedge placed diagonallyacross opposite edges of the anode. Drill holes and saw cuts forsampling shall not be cause for rejection unless they are severeenough to cause prem

24、ature failure of the anode.9. Sampling9.1 The sample for chemical analysis shall be taken asfollows:9.1.1 Selection of PortionA number of anodes shall beselected at random to give a representative sample of the lot. Alot shall consist of not more than 20 000 lb (9070 kg) of zincanodes cast from a si

25、ngle melt or not more than 5000 lb (2268kg) of anodes cast in a single 24-h period from more than onemelt. The minimum number of anodes to be sampled shall beas specified in Table 3.9.1.2 Taking Sample for Chemical AnalysisEach selectedanode shall be sampled by drilling or machining with anonferrous

26、 tool. The use of a drill with a tungsten carbide tipis recommended. The tool bit or drill shall not penetrate intothe core material or a cored anode. The cuttings from all anodesin a lot shall be thoroughly mixed to form a uniform sample ofnot less than 50 g total.10. Claims10.1 Claims to be consid

27、ered shall be made in writing to themanufacturer within 30 days of receipt of anodes at thepurchasers plant and the results of the purchasers tests shallbe given. The manufacturer shall be given one week from dateof receipt of such claim to investigate his records and then shallagree either to satis

28、fy the claim or send a representative to theplant of the purchaser.11. Investigation of Claims11.1 The inspector representing the manufacturer shall ex-amine all pieces where physical defects are claimed. If agree-ment is not reached, the question of fact shall be submitted toa mutually agreeable um

29、pire, whose decision shall be final.11.2 On a question of chemical analysis, a sample shall betaken by the representatives of both the manufacturer and thepurchaser as described in Section 4. The properly mixed andquartered sample shall be separated into three parts, each ofwhich shall be placed in

30、a sealed envelope, one for themanufacturer, one for the purchaser, and one for the umpire ifTABLE 1 Chemical RequirementsAType (UNS)BAluminum, % Cadmium, %Iron,max,%Lead,max,%Copper,max,%Others,Total,%ZincC,%Type I (Z32120) 0.10.5 0.0250.07 0.005 0.006 0.005 0.1 remainderType II (Z13000) 0.005 max 0

31、.003 max 0.0014 0.003 0.002 . remainderAThe following applies to all specified limits in this table: For purposes of determining conformance with this specification, the observed value or calculated valueobtained from analysis shall be rounded off to the nearest unit in the last right hand place of

32、figures used in expressing the specified limit, in accordance with the roundingmethod of Practice E29.BUNS designations were established in accordance with Practice E527.CDetermined arithmetically by difference.TABLE 2 Methods of AnalysisMethodASTMDesignationSpectrochemical AnalysisChemical Analysis

33、Chemical Analysis Test Methods E536B418 092necessary. The manufacturer and the purchaser shall each makean analysis, and if the results do not establish or dismiss theclaim to the satisfaction of both parties, the third sample shallbe submitted to a mutually agreeable umpire, who shalldetermine the

34、question of quality, and whose determinationshall be final.12. Rejection and Rehearing12.1 The expenses of the manufacturers representative andof the umpire shall be paid by the loser or divided in proportionto the concession in case of compromise. In case of rejectionbeing established, damages shal

35、l be limited to the payment bythe manufacturer of freight both ways for replacement of therejected anodes with anodes conforming to this specification.13. Product Marking13.1 A manufacturers identifying brand shall be cast,stamped, or displayed on at least one surface of each anode orpackage of anod

36、es.14. Keywords14.1 cathodic protection; galvanic anodes; zinc; zinc anodesSUMMARY OF CHANGESCommittee B02 has identified the location of selected changes to this standard since the last issue (B418 - 08)that may impact the use of this standard. (Approved October 1, 2009.)(1) Updated MIL specificati

37、on revision J to revision K andrevised title.Committee B02 has identified the location of selected changes to this standard since the last issue (B418 - 06)that may impact the use of this standard. (Approved November 1, 2008.)(1) Revisions have been made to Sections 2.3 and 6.1 to addanalytical spec

38、trochemical methods ISO 3815-1 andISO 3815-2.ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, an

39、d the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revisi

40、on of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you sh

41、ouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obt

42、ained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).TABLE 3 Minimum Number of Anodes in SampleNumber of Anodes in LotMinimum Number ofAnodes in Sample1to500 2500 to 1000 3Each additional 1000 or part thereof 1B418 093