ASTM B22-2002 Standard Specification for Bronze Castings for Bridges and Turntables《桥梁和转车台用青铜铸件的标准规范》.pdf

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1、Designation: B 22 02Standard Specification forBronze Castings for Bridges and Turntables1This standard is issued under the fixed designation B 22; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of originaladoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number

2、in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A superscriptepsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope *1.1 This specification establishes requirements for bronzecast

3、ings for turntables, movable bridges and bridge parts, andbronze castings suitable for use in bridges and other structuresfor fixed and expansion bearings in which motion is slow andintermittent. The following Copper Alloys are specified: UNSNo. C86300, C90500, C91100, C91300, and C93700.NOTE 1Histo

4、rically, the alloys in this specification have been used inthe applications listed in Appendix X1. Actual practice may vary.21.2 UnitsThe values stated in inch/pound or SI units areto be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in eachsystem may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each sy

5、stemshall be used independently of the other. Combining valuesfrom the two systems may result in nonconformance with thespecification.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to esta

6、blish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 The following documents in the current issue of theBook of Standards form a part of this specification to the extentreferenced herein:2.2 ASTM Standards:B

7、 208 Practice for Preparing Tension Test Specimens forCopper-Base Alloys for Sand, Permanent Mold, Centrifu-gal, and Continuous Castings3B 824 Specification for General Requirements for CopperAlloy Castings3B 846 Terminology for Copper and Copper Alloys3E 8 Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metall

8、ic Materials4E 8M Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Mate-rials (Metric)4E 10 Test Method for Brinell Hardness of Metallic Materi-als4E 255 Practice for Sampling of Copper and Copper Alloysfor the Determination of Chemical Compostion5E 527 Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys (UNS)63.

9、Terminology3.1 For definitions of terms related to copper alloys, refer toTerminology B 846.4. General Requirements4.1 The following sections of Specification B 824 form apart of this specification. In the event of a conflict between thisspecification and Specification B 824, the requirements of thi

10、sspecification shall take precedence.4.1.1 Terminology (Section 3),4.1.2 Other Requirements (Section 7),4.1.3 Dimensions, Mass, and Permissible Variations (Sec-tion 8),4.1.4 Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance (Section 9),4.1.5 Sampling (Section 10),4.1.6 Number of Tests and Retests (Section 11),4.1

11、.7 Specimen Preparation (Section 12),4.1.8 Test Methods (Section 13),4.1.9 Significance of Numerical Limits (Section 14),4.1.10 Inspection (Section 15),4.1.11 Rejection and Rehearing (Section 16),4.1.12 Certification (Section 17),4.1.13 Test Report (Section 18),4.1.14 Product Marking (Section 19),4.

12、1.15 Packaging and Package Marking (Section 20),4.1.16 Keywords (Section 21), and1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B05 on Copperand Copper Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B05.05 onCastings and Ingots for Remelting.Current edition approved Oct. 10

13、, 2002. Published November 2002. Originallypublished as B 22 36 T. Last previous edition B 22 95.This specification was prepared in cooperation with representatives of theAmerican Association of State Highway Officials and the American RailwayEngineering Association.2The UNS system for copper and co

14、pper alloys (see Practice E 527) is a simpleexpansion of the former standard designation system accomplished by the additionof a prefix “C” and a suffix “00.” The suffix can be used to accommodatecomposition variations of the base alloy.3Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 02.01.4Annual Book of ASTM

15、Standards, Vol 03.01.5Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.05.6Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.01.1*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.4.1.17 Supplem

16、entary Requirements.5. Ordering Information5.1 Include the following information when placing orderfor castings products under this specification:5.1.1 ASTM designation and year of issue (for example,B 22-95),5.1.2 Number of castings or total weight, for each size andform,5.1.3 Copper Alloy UNS Numb

17、er (see Table 1), and5.1.4 Pattern or drawing number and condition (as-cast,machined, and so forth).5.1.5 When material is purchased for agencies of the U.S.government, the Supplementary Requirements in SpecificationB 824 may be specified.5.2 The following are optional and should be specified inthe

18、purchase order when required:5.2.1 Chemical analysis of residual elements (see 7.6),5.2.2 Soundness requirements (Specification B 824),5.2.3 Certification (Specification B 824),5.2.4 Foundry test report (Specification B 824),5.2.5 Witness inspection (Specification B 824), and5.2.6 Product marking (S

19、pecification B 824).6. Materials and Manufacture6.1 Material(s):6.1.1 The material of manufacture shall be a casting ofCopper Alloy UNS No.(s) C86300, C90500, C91100, C91300,or C93700 of such purity and soundness as to be suitable forprocessing in to the products prescribed herein.6.1.2 In the event

20、 heat identification or traceability isrequired, the purchaser shall specify the details desired.6.2 Manufacture:6.2.1 The product shall be manufactured by such castingmethods to produce a uniform finished product.7. Chemical Composition7.1 The castings shall conform to the compositional require-men

21、ts for named elements as shown in Table 1 for the CopperAlloy UNS Numbers specified in the purchase order.7.2 These specification limits do not preclude the presenceof other elements. Limits may be established and analysisrequired for unnamed elements agreed upon between themanufacturer or supplier

22、and the purchaser.7.3 Copper or zinc may be taken as the difference betweenthe sum of all elements determined and 100 % for CopperAlloy UNS No. C86300.7.4 Copper may be taken as the difference between the sumof all elements determined and 100 % for Copper Alloy UNSNos. C90500, C91100, C91300, and C9

23、3700.7.5 When all named elements listed in Table 1 are deter-mined their sum shall be as given in Table 2.7.6 It is recognized that residual elements may be present incast copper-base alloys. Analysis shall be made for residualelements only when specified in the inquiry or purchase order.8. Mechanic

24、al Property Requirements8.1 Mechanical properties shall be determined from sepa-rately cast test bars and shall meet the requirements shown inTable 3.8.2 The deformation limit in compression shall be deter-mined as that load which produces a permanent set of 0.001 in.(0.025 mm) in the compression te

25、st specimen described in 9.3.8.3 The yield strength in tension shall be determined as thestress producing an elongation under load of 0.5 %, that is,0.01 in. (0.254 mm) in a gage length of 2 in. (50.8 mm).8.4 Finished castings in Copper Alloy UNS No. C86300shall be tested for Brinell hardness.8.5 On

26、e compression test shall be made from each lot forCopper Alloy UNS Nos. C91100 and C91300 castings and onetension test from each lot for Copper Alloy UNS No. C90500castings. For Copper Alloy UNS No. C86300 castings, onetension test, one compression test, and two hardness tests shallbe made for each

27、four castings from the same lot and the samepattern. For castings of any grade weighing over 100 lb (45 kg)finished, the specified tests shall be made for each casting.9. Sampling9.1 Sampling shall be accordance with the requirements ofPractice E 255.9.2 Copper Alloy UNS No. C86300 test bar castings

28、 shall becast to the form and dimensions shown in Fig. 1 or Fig. 2 ofPractice B 208. For all other alloys listed in this specification,TABLE 1 Chemical RequirementsCopperAlloyUNSNo.Composition, % max, except as indicatedMajor Elements Residual ElementsCopper Tin Lead Zinc IronNickelIncludingCobaltAl

29、umi-numMan-ganeseIronAnti-monyNickelIncl.CobaltSulfurPhos-pho-rusAlu-mi-numSili-conC86300 60.066.0 0.20 0.20 22.028.0 2.04.0 . 5.07.5 2.55.0 . . 1.0 . . . .C90500 86.089.0 9.011.0 0.30 1.03.0 . 1.0A. . 0.20 0.20 . 0.05 0.05B0.005 0.005C91100 82.085.0 15.017.0 0.25 0.25 . 0.50A. . 0.25 0.20 . 0.05 1.

30、0B0.005 0.005C91300 79.082.0 18.020.0 0.25 0.25 . 0.50A. . 0.25 0.20 . 0.05 1.0B0.005 0.005C93700 78.082.0 9.011.0 8.011.0 0.8 . 0.50 . . 0.15 0.50 . 0.08 0.10B0.005 0.005AIn determining copper minimum, copper may be calculated as copper plus nickel.BFor continuous castings, phosphorus shall be 1.5

31、% max.TABLE 2 Sum of All Named Elements AnalyzedElements, % minCopper Alloy UNS No.Copper Plus NamedC86300 99.0C90500 99.7C91100 99.4C91300 99.4C93700 99.0B22022test bars shall be cast to the form and dimensions shown in Fig.2, Fig. 3, or Fig. 4 of Practice B 208.9.3 Compression test specimens for C

32、opper Alloy UNS No.C86300, C91100, and C91300 shall be cylinders 1 in.2(506.7mm2) in cross-sectional area, and 1 in. (25.4 mm) in height andshall be cast as an integral part of the casting and shall be fedand cooled under the same conditions as the casting.10. Test Methods10.1 Analytical chemical me

33、thods are given in SpecificationB 824.10.2 Brinell hardness testing of Copper Alloy UNS No.C86300 castings shall be performed in accordance with TestMethod E 10 with the exception that the load shall be 3000 kgand shall be applied for 30 s to a finished plane surface.10.3 Test methods to be followed

34、 for the determination ofelements resulting from contractual or purchase order agree-ment shall be as agreed upon between the manufacturer orsupplier and the purchaser.11. Casting Repair11.1 The castings shall not be repaired without approval ofthe purchaser.12. Keywords12.1 bridge plates; bronze ca

35、stings; copper-alloy castings;copper-base alloy castings; expansion bearingsAPPENDIXES(Nonmandatory Information)X1. APPLICATIONS FOR ALLOYS IN THIS STANDARDX1.1 The alloys in this specification have historically beenused in the following applications. This information is pro-vided for “information o

36、nly” and should not be considered asrecommendations.X1.1.1 Copper Alloy UNS No. C91300 (Formerly AlloyA)For contact with hardened steel disks at low speeds underpressures not over 3 ksi (20 MPa), for example, disk-bearingmetals used in center-bearing swing bridges.X1.1.2 Copper Alloy UNS No. C91100

37、(Formerly AlloyB)For contact with hardened steel disks at low speeds underpressures not over 2.5 ksi (17 MPa), for example, disk-bearingmetals used in turntable and center-bearing swing bridges; forcontact with steel (tensile strength 60 ksi (415 MPa), min) atlow speeds under pressures not over 1.5

38、ksi (10 MPa), forexample, trunnions of movable bridges; and for bearing andexpansion plates under pressures not to exceed 2.5 ksi.X1.1.3 Copper Alloy UNS No. C90500 (Formerly AlloyD)For gears, worm wheels, nuts, and similar parts that aresubjected to other than compressive stresses.X1.1.4 Copper All

39、oy UNS No. C86300 (Formerly AlloyE)For bushings for bridge pins and similar applications inwhich angular movement is slight and compressive stressesmay attain 8 ksi (55 MPa).X1.1.5 Copper Alloy UNS No. C93700 (Formerly AlloyC)For ordinary machinery bearings and for bearing andexpansion plates under

40、pressures not to exceed 1 ksi (6.9 MPa).X2. METRIC EQUIVALENTSX2.1 The SI unit for strength properties now shown is inaccordance with the International System of Units (SI). Thederived SI unit for force is the newton (N), which is defined asthat force which, when applied to a body having a mass of 1

41、 kg,gives it an acceleration of 1 m/s2(N = kgm/s2). The derivedSI unit for pressure or stress is the newton per square metre(N/m2), which has been named the pascal (Pa) by the GeneralConference on Weights and Measures. Since 1 ksi = 6 894 757Pa, the metric equivalents are expressed as megapascal (MP

42、a),which is the same as MN/m2and N/mm2.TABLE 3 Mechanical RequirementsCopper AlloyUNS No.Tensile Strength, mmYield Strength, at 0.05 % ExtensionUnder Load, minElongation in2 in. (50 mm), %Brinell Hardness,minCompression DeformationLimit, minksiA(MPa)BksiA(MPa)BksiA(MPa)BC86300 110 (760) 60 (415) 12

43、223 (3000 kg) 55 (380)C90500 40 (275) 18 (125) 20 . . .C91100 . . . . . . 18 (125)C91300 . . . . . . 24 (165)C93700 30 (207) 12 (83) 15 . . .A1 ksi = 1000 psi.BSee Appendix X1.B22023SUMMARY OF CHANGESCommittee B05 has identified the location of selected changes to this standard since the last issue

44、(B 22 - 95)that may impact the use of this standard.(1) Comprehensive 5-year review completed. Some sectionswere renumbered, and in some cases, reworded to conform tothe new Form and Style for ASTM Standards (Blue Book).(2) The safety caveat was added.(3) Table 1, Chemical Requirements has been chan

45、ged toreflect the current CDA Standard Designations. Some requiredchemical compositions have been changed.(4) Practice E 255 has been added to Section 2, ReferencedDocuments and Section 9, Sampling.(5) Material(s) and Manufacture, Section 6, has been addedper the requirements Outline of Form C9.ASTM

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48、d should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee o

49、n Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).B22024