ASTM A805 A805M-2009 Standard Specification for Steel Flat Wire Carbon Cold-Rolled《冷轧碳钢扁钢丝用标准规范》.pdf

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1、Designation: A 805/A 805M 09Standard Specification forSteel, Flat Wire, Carbon, Cold-Rolled1This standard is issued under the fixed designationA 805/A 805M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the yearof original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.

2、 A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope*1.1 This specification covers carbon steel flat wire i

3、n coilsor cut lengths. Flat wire is classified as a cold-rolled section,rectangular in shape, 0.500 in. 12.7 mm or less in width andunder 0.250 in. 6.35 mm in thickness.1.2 Low-carbon steel flat wire is produced from steelcompositions with a maximum carbon content of 0.25 % bycast or heat analysis.1

4、.3 Carbon spring steel flat wire is produced to a carbonrange in which the specified or required maximum is over0.25 % by cast or heat analysis.1.3.1 Two types of carbon spring steel flat wire are pro-duced:1.3.1.1 Untempered cold-rolled carbon spring steel flatwire, produced to several desirable co

5、mbinations of propertiesand1.3.1.2 Hardened and tempered carbon spring steel wire.1.4 Definite application flat wire is a product developed fora specific application and may be specified only by size anddescriptive name.1.5 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI unitsare to be regarded a

6、s standard. Within the text, the SI units areshown in brackets. The values stated in each system are notexact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used inde-pendently of the other. Combining values from the two systemsmay result in non-conformance with this specification.2. Referenced Documen

7、ts2.1 ASTM Standards:2A 370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testingof Steel ProductsA 510 Specification for General Requirements for WireRods and Coarse Round Wire, Carbon SteelA 510M Specification for General Requirements for WireRods and Coarse Round Wire, Carbon Steel (Metric)A 751 Te

8、st Methods, Practices, and Terminology forChemical Analysis of Steel ProductsE45 Test Methods for Determining the Inclusion Contentof SteelE112 Test Methods for Determining Average Grain SizeE 140 Hardness Conversion Tables for Metals RelationshipAmong Brinell Hardness, Vickers Hardness, RockwellHar

9、dness, Superficial Hardness, Knoop Hardness, andScleroscope Hardness2.2 Military Standard:3MIL-STD-129 Marking for Shipment and Storage2.3 Federal Standard:3Fed. Std. No. 123 Marking for Shipment (Civil Agencies)2.4 SAE Standard:4Recommended Practice SAE J 419 Methods of MeasuringDecarburization3. T

10、erminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 annealingthe process of heating to and holding at asuitable temperature and then cooling at a suitable rate, forsuch purposes as reducing hardness, facilitating cold working,producing a desired microstructure, or obtaining desired me

11、-chanical, physical, or other properties.3.1.2 batch annealingannealing that is generally per-formed in large cylindrical bell type or large rectangular box orcar-type furnaces. The product is protected from scaling anddecarburization by the use of a controlled atmosphere thatenvelops the charge in

12、an inner chamber sealed to prevent theinflux of air or products of combustion. The coils or bundlesare heated to a temperature in the vicinity of the lower criticaltemperature for the grade of steel, and held at that temperaturefor a definite length of time; after which the steel is allowed tocool s

13、lowly to room temperature. The time of holding at theannealing temperature varies with the grade of the steel and thedesired degree of softness.1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel,Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommi

14、tteeA01.19 on Steel Sheet and Strip.Current edition approved May 1, 2009. Published June 2009. Originallyapproved in 1982. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as A 805 08.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For

15、Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, DODSSP, Bldg. 4,Section D, 700 Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5098, http:/www.dodssp.daps.mil.4Available from Society of Automo

16、tive Engineers (SAE), 400 CommonwealthDr., Warrendale, PA 15096-0001, http:/www.sae.org.1*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.3.1.3 continuous or strand anne

17、alingannealing that con-sists of passing a number of individual strands of flat wirecontinuously through either a muffle furnace or a bath ofmolten lead or salt, thus heating the flat wire to the desiredtemperature for a definite time. The hardness obtained by thistype of annealing, as measured by R

18、ockwell hardness number,is normally somewhat higher than is secured by batch-typeannealing. Other characteristics peculiar to strandannealedsteel require this type of annealing for some flat wire products.3.1.4 salt annealingannealing that is accomplished byimmersing bundles or coils of flat wire in

19、 a molten salt bath ata desired temperature for a definite time. Following theannealing, the coils are permitted to cool slowly, after whichthey are immersed in hot water to remove any adhering salts.3.1.5 spheroidize annealingan operation consisting ofprolonged heating and prolonged cooling cycles

20、to produce aglobular or spheroidal condition of the carbide for maximumsoftness.3.1.6 cold reductionthe process of reducing the thicknessof the strip at room temperature. The amount of reduction isgreater than that used in skin-rolling.3.1.7 finishthe degree of smoothness or lustre of the flatwire.

21、The production of specific finishes requires specialpreparation and control of the roll surfaces employed.3.1.8 hardening and temperinga heat treatment for steelover 0.25 % carbon by cast or heat analysis involving continu-ous strand heating at finish size to an appropriate temperatureabove the crit

22、ical temperature range, followed by quenching inoil and finally passing the strands through a tempering bath.This heat treatment is used in the production of such commodi-ties as oil-tempered spring wire for use in certain types ofmechanical springs that are not subjected to a final heattreatment af

23、ter forming. Oil-tempered wire is intended prima-rily for the manufacture of products that are required towithstand high stresses. The mechanical properties and resil-iency of oil-tempered wire provide resistance to permanent setunder repeated and continuous stress applications.3.1.9 patentinga ther

24、mal treatment usually confined tosteel over 0.25 % carbon. In this process individual strands ofrods or wire are heated well above the upper critical tempera-ture followed by comparatively rapid cooling in air, moltensalt, or molten lead. This treatment is generally employed toprepare the material f

25、or subsequent processing.3.1.10 skin-rolleda term denoting a relatively light cold-rolling operation following annealing. It serves to reduce thetendency of the steel to flute or stretcher strain during fabrica-tion. It is also used to impart surface finish, or affect hardnessor other mechanical pro

26、perties.3.1.11 tempera designation by number to indicate thehardness as a minimum, as a maximum, or as a range. Thetempers are obtained by the selection and control of chemicalcomposition, by amounts of cold reduction, and by thermaltreatment.4. Ordering Information4.1 Orders for material to this sp

27、ecification shall include thefollowing information, as necessary, to describe adequately thedesired product:4.1.1 Quantity,4.1.2 Name of material (flat wire identified by type),4.1.3 Analysis or grade, if required (Section 6),4.1.4 Temper of low carbon or type of spring steel (Sections9, 10, and 11)

28、,4.1.5 Edge (Section 7),4.1.6 Finish or coating (Sections 14 and 12),4.1.7 Dimensions,4.1.8 Coil type and size requirements (Section 17),4.1.9 Packaging (17.1),4.1.10 Condition (oiled or not oiled) (14.4),4.1.11 ASTM designation and date of issue,4.1.12 Copper-bearing steel, if required,4.1.13 Appli

29、cation (part identification or description),4.1.14 Case or heat analysis (request, if desired), and4.1.15 Exceptions to the specification, if required.NOTE 1A typical ordering description is as follows: 18 000 lb 8000kg Low-Carbon Cold-Rolled Carbon Steel Flat Wire, Temper 4, Edge 4,Finish 2, 0.125

30、by 0.450-in. 3.18 by 11.4 mm vibrated coils, 2000 lb900 kg max, coil weight, 16 to 20 in. 410 to 510 mm ID, 36 in. 915mm max OD, Face dimension 6 to 10 in. 150 to 250 mm, ASTMA 805/A 805M 09, for Stove Frames.5. Materials and Manufacture5.1 Low-carbon steel flat wire is normally produced fromrimmed,

31、 capped, or semi-killed steel. When required, killedsteel may be specified, with silicon or aluminum as thedeoxidizer.5.2 Untempered-carbon spring steel flat wire is commonlyproduced from killed steel, although semi-killed steel is some-times used.5.3 Hardened and tempered carbon spring steel flat w

32、irecustomarily has a carbon content over 0.60 %.5.4 Flat wire is generally produced from hot-rolled rods orround wire, by one or more cold-rolling operations, primarilyfor the purpose of obtaining the size and section desired and forimproving surface finish, dimensional accuracy, and varyingmechanic

33、al properties. Flat wire can also be produced fromslitting hot- or cold-rolled flat steel to the desired width. Thehot-rolled slit flat steel is subsequently cold reduced. The widthto thickness ratio and the specified type of edge generallydetermine the process that is necessary to produce a specifi

34、cflat-wire item.5.5 The production of good surface quality flat wire isdependent upon scale-free and clean wire, rod, or hot-rolledsteel prior to cold-rolling. Scale removal can be accomplishedby chemical or mechanical cleaning.5.6 Edge rolls, machined with contour grooves, may be usedin conjunction

35、 with flat-rolling passes to produce the desirededge shape.5.7 Straightness in flat wire may be controlled by the use ofroll straighteners alone or in conjunction with cold-rollingpasses.5.8 Edges of flat wire produced by slitting wider flat-rolledsteel can be dressed, depending upon requirements by

36、:5.8.1 DeburringAprocess by which burrs are removed byrolling or filing to obtain an approximate square edge;5.8.2 RollingA process by which the slit edge is dressedby edge rolling to the desired contour; andA 805/A 805M 0925.8.3 FilingA process by which the slit edge is filed to aspecific contour a

37、nd dimension by passing one or more timesagainst a series of files mounted at various angles.6. Chemical Composition6.1 Limits:6.1.1 When carbon steel flat wire is specified to chemicalcomposition, the compositions are commonly prepared usingthe ranges and limits shown in Table 1. The elements compr

38、is-ing the desired chemical composition are specified in one ofthree ways:6.1.1.1 By a maximum limit, Tables 2-56.1.1.2 By a minimum limit, or6.1.1.3 By minimum and maximum limits, termed the“range.” By common usage, the range is the arithmeticaldifference between the two limits (for example, 0.60 t

39、o 0.71 is0.11 range).6.1.2 When carbon steel flat wire is produced from roundrods or wire it may be designated by grade number. In suchcases the chemical ranges and limits of Table 6, Table 7, Table8, and Table 9 of Specification A 510 shall apply.6.2 Cast or Heat Analysis:6.2.1 An analysis of each

40、cast or heat of steel shall be madeby the manufacturer to determine the percentage of elementsspecified or restricted by the applicable specification.6.2.2 When requested, cast or heat analysis for elementslisted or required shall be reported to the purchaser or hisrepresentative.6.3 Product Analysi

41、s may be made by the purchaser on thefinished material.6.3.1 Capped or rimmed steels are not technologicallysuited to product analysis due to the nonuniform character oftheir chemical composition and, therefore, the tolerances inTable 2 do not apply. Product analysis is appropriate on thesetypes of

42、steel only when misapplication is apparent, or forcopper when copper steel is specified.6.3.2 For steels other than rimmed or capped, when productanalysis is made by the purchaser, the chemical analysis shallnot vary from the limits specified by more than the amounts inTable 2. The several determina

43、tions of any element shall notvary both above and below the specified range.6.3.3 When flat wire is produced from round rods or wire,and when a grade number is used to specify the chemicalcomposition, the values obtained on a product analysis shallnot vary from the limits specified by more than the

44、amounts inTable 7 of Specification A 510 or A 510M.6.4 For referee purposes, if required, Test Methods, Prac-tices and Terminology A 751 shall be used.7. Edge7.1 The desired edge shall be specified as follows:7.1.1 Number 1 Edge is a prepared edge of a specifiedcontour (round or square) which is pro

45、duced when a veryaccurate width is required or when the finish of the edgesuitable for electroplating is required, or both.7.1.2 Number 2 Edge is not applicable to flat wire products.TABLE 1 Cast or Heat AnalysisElementStandard Chemical Ranges and Limits, %When Maximum of SpecifiedElement isRangeCar

46、bonAto 0.15 incl 0.05over 0.15 to 0.30 incl 0.06over 0.30 to 0.40 incl 0.07over 0.40 to 0.60 incl 0.08over 0.60 to 0.80 incl 0.11over 0.80 to 1.35 incl 0.14Manganeseto 0.50 incl 0.20over 0.50 to 1.15 incl 0.30over 1.15 to 1.65 incl 0.35PhosphorusBto 0.08 incl 0.03over 0.08 to 0.15 incl 0.05SulfurBto

47、 0.08 incl 0.03over 0.08 to 0.15 incl 0.05over 0.15 to 0.23 incl 0.07over 0.23 to 0.33 incl 0.10SiliconCto 0.15 incl 0.08over 0.15 to 0.30 incl 0.15over 0.30 to 0.60 incl 0.30CopperWhen copper is required 0.20 mini-mum is commonly specified.ACarbonThe carbon ranges shown in the column headed “Range

48、applywhen the specified maximum limit for manganese does not exceed 1.00 %. Whenthe maximum manganese limit exceeds 1.00 %, add 0.01 to the carbon rangesshown above.BPhosphorus and SulfurThe standard lowest maximum limits for phosphorusand sulfur are 0.030 % and 0.035 % respectively. Certain qualiti

49、es, descriptions, orspecifications are furnished to lower standard maximum limits.CSiliconThe standard lowest maximum for silicon is 0.10 %.TABLE 2 Tolerances for Product AnalysisAElementLimit, or Maxi-mum of Speci-fied Element, %Tolerance, %UnderMinimumLimitOver Maxi-mum LimitCarbon to 0.15 incl 0.02 0.03over 0.15 to 0.40 incl 0.03 0.04over 0.40 to 0.80 incl 0.03 0.05over 0.80 0.03 0.06Manganese to 0.60 incl 0.03 0.03over 0.60 to 1.15 incl 0.04 0.04over 1.15 to 1.65 incl 0.05 0.05Phosphorus . . . . . . 0.01Sulfur . . 0.01Silicon to 0.30 inc