ASME B30 6-2003 Derricks (B30 6 - 2003)《桅杆起重机》.pdf

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1、ASME B30.6-2003(Revision of ASME B30.6-1995)DERRICKSAN AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDCopyright ASME International Provided by IHS under license with ASMENot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-AN AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDDERRICKSASME B30.6-2003(Revision of ASME

2、B30.6-1995)SAFETY STANDARD FOR CABLEWAYS, CRANES, DERRICKS, HOISTS, HOOKS, JACKS, AND SLINGSCopyright ASME International Provided by IHS under license with ASMENot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-Date of Issuance: June 10, 2003The next edition of this Sta

3、ndard is scheduled for publication in 2008. There will be no addendaissued to this edition.ASME issues written replies to inquiries concerning interpretations of technical aspects of thisStandard. Interpretations are published on the ASME Web site under Committee Pages at http:/www.asme.org/codes as

4、 they are issued, and will also be published within the next edition of theStandard.ASME is the registered trademark of The American Society of Mechanical Engineers.This code or standard was developed under procedures accredited as meeting the criteria for American NationalStandards. The Consensus C

5、ommittee that approved the code or standard was balanced to assure that individualsfrom competent and concerned interests have had an opportunity to participate. The proposed code or standard wasmade available for public review and comment that provides an opportunity for additional public input fro

6、m industry,academia, regulatory agencies, and the public-at-large.ASME does not approve, rate, or endorse any item, construction, proprietary device, or activity.ASME does not take any position with respect to the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with anyitems mentioned in this d

7、ocument, and does not undertake to insure anyone utilizing a standard against liability forinfringement of any applicable Letters Patent, nor assume any such liability. Users of a code or standard are expresslyadvised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the risk of infr

8、ingement of such rights, isentirely their own responsibility.Participation by federal agency representative(s) or person(s) affiliated with industry is not to be interpreted asgovernment or industry endorsement of this code or standard.ASME accepts responsibility for only those interpretations of th

9、is document issued in accordance with the establishedASME procedures and policies, which precludes the issuance of interpretations by individuals.No part of this document may be reproduced in any form,in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise,without the prior written permission of the publishe

10、r.The American Society of Mechanical EngineersThree Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5990Copyright 2003 byTHE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERSAll rights reservedPrinted in U.S.A.Copyright ASME International Provided by IHS under license with ASMENot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking per

11、mitted without license from IHS-,-CONTENTSForeword ivCommittee Roster . vIntroduction . viSummary of Changes ixChapter 6-0 Scope, Definitions, and ReferencesSection 6-0.1 Scope of B30.6 . 1Section 6-0.2 Definitions 1Section 6-0.3 References . 5Chapter 6-1 Construction and InstallationSection 6-1.1 L

12、oad Ratings 6Section 6-1.2 Construction . 6Section 6-1.3 Ropes and Reeving Accessories 7Section 6-1.4 Anchoring and Guying 8Section 6-1.5 Hoists and Swingers . 8Section 6-1.6 General Requirements 8Chapter 6-2 Inspection, Testing, and MaintenanceSection 6-2.1 Inspection . 9Section 6-2.2 Testing 10Sec

13、tion 6-2.3 Maintenance . 10Section 6-2.4 Rope Inspection, Replacement, and Maintenance 11Chapter 6-3 OperationSection 6-3.1 Qualifications for and Conduct of Director and Operating Practices . 13Section 6-3.2 Operator Qualifications and Operating Practices 13Section 6-3.3 Handling the Load . 14Secti

14、on 6-3.4 Signals 16Section 6-3.5 Miscellaneous . 16Figures1 A-Frame Derrick . 12 Basket Derrick . 23 Breast Derrick . 24 Chicago Boom Derrick . 25 Gin Pole Derrick . 36 Guy Derrick . 37 Shearleg Derrick . 48 Stiffleg Derrick 49 Dead Ending Rope in a Socket . 810 Standard Hand Signals for Controlling

15、 Derricks 1711 Danger Zone for Derricks and Lifted Loads Operating Near ElectricalTransmission Lines 19Table1 Required Clearance for Normal Voltage in Operation Near High VoltagePower Lines . 20iiiCopyright ASME International Provided by IHS under license with ASMENot for ResaleNo reproduction or ne

16、tworking permitted without license from IHS-,-FOREWORDThis American National Standard, Safety Standard for Cableways, Cranes, Derricks, Hoists,Hooks, Jacks, and Slings, has been developed under the procedures accredited by the AmericanNational Standards Institute (formerly the United States of Ameri

17、ca Standards Institute). ThisStandard had its beginning in December 1916 when an eight-page Code of Safety Standards forCranes, prepared by an ASME Committee on the Protection of Industrial Workers, was presentedto the annual meeting of the ASME.Meetings and discussions regarding safety on cranes, d

18、erricks, and hoists were held from 1920to 1925, involving the ASME Safety Code Correlating Committee, the Association of Iron andSteel Electrical Engineers, the American Museum of Safety, the American Engineering StandardsCommittee (later changed to American Standards Association and subsequently to

19、 the USAStandards Institute), Department of Labor State of New Jersey, Department of Labor andIndustry State of Pennsylvania, and the Locomotive Crane Manufacturers Association. OnJune 11, 1925, the American Engineering Standards Committee approved the ASME Safety CodeCorrelating Committees recommen

20、dation and authorized the project with the U.S. Departmentof the Navy, Bureau of Yards and Docks, and ASME as sponsors.In March 1926, invitations were issued to 50 organizations to appoint representatives to aSectional Committee. The call for organization of this Sectional Committee was sent out Oct

21、ober2, 1926, and the committee organized November 4, 1926, with 57 members representing 29 nationalorganizations. The Safety Code for Cranes, Derricks, and Hoists, ASA B30.2-1943, was createdfrom the eight-page document referred to in the first paragraph. This document was reaffirmedin 1952 and wide

22、ly accepted as a safety standard.Due to changes in design, advancement in techniques, and general interest of labor and industryin safety, the Sectional Committee, under the joint sponsorship of ASME and the Naval FacilitiesEngineering Command, U.S. Department of the Navy, was reorganized as an Amer

23、ican NationalStandards Committee on January 31, 1962, with 39 members representing 27 national organiza-tions.The format of the previous code was changed so that separate standards (each complete as toconstruction and installation; inspection, testing, and maintenance; and operation) would coverthe

24、different types of equipment included in the scope of B30.In 1982, the Committee was reorganized as an Accredited Organization Committee, operatingunder procedures developed by the ASME and accredited by the American National StandardsInstitute.This Standard presents a coordinated set of rules that

25、may serve as a guide to governmentand other regulatory bodies and municipal authorities responsible for the guarding and inspectionof the equipment falling within its scope. The suggestions leading to accident prevention aregive both as mandatory and advisory provisions; compliance with both types m

26、ay be requiredby employers of their employees.In case of practical difficulties, new developments, or unnecessary hardship, the administrativeor regulatory authority may grant variances from the literal requirements or permit the use ofother devices or methods, but only when it is clearly evident th

27、at an equivalent degree ofprotection is thereby secured. To secure uniform application and interpretation of this Standard,administrative or regulatory authorities are urged to consult the B30 Committee, in accordancewith the format described in Section III, before rendering decisions on disputed po

28、ints.This volume of the Standard, which was approved by the B30 Standards Committee and byASME, was approved by ANSI and designated as an American National Standard on February19, 2003.Safety codes and standards are intended to enhance public safety. Revisions result from commit-tee consideration of

29、 factors such as technological advances, new data, and changing environmentaland industry needs. Revisions do not imply that previous editions were inadequate.ivCopyright ASME International Provided by IHS under license with ASMENot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license f

30、rom IHS-,-ASME B30 STANDARDS COMMITTEESafety Standards for Cableways, Cranes, Derricks, Hoists,Hooks, Jacks, and Slings(The following is the roster of the Committee at the time of approval of this Standard.)STANDARDS COMMITTEE OFFICERSP. S. Zorich, ChairB. D. Closson, Vice ChairJ. D. Wendler, Secret

31、arySTANDARDS COMMITTEE PERSONNELN. E. Andrew, Sverdrup Technology, Inc.W. T. Hargrove, Alternate, Mantech International Corp.R. E. Bluff, Mingus Constructors, Inc.R. J. Bolen, E. I. DuPontA. D. Brown, Kenney Construction Co.P. L. Rossi, Alternate, U.S. Department of Labor, OSHAS. C. Buck, Internatio

32、nal Union of Operating EngineersL. D. Demark, Alternate, International Union of Operating EngineersT. A. Christensen, Alliance of American Insurers/Liberty MutualInsuranceM. W. Mills, Alternate, Liberty Mutual GroupB. D. Closson, NACB Technical ServicesT. L. Blanton, Alternate, NACB Group, Inc.J. P.

33、 Colletti, John P. Colletti the loads; the acceleration or speed of the ropes,chains, sheaves, sprockets, or drums; the type of attach-ments; the number, size, and arrangement of sheaves orother parts; environmental conditions causing corrosionor wear; and many variables that must be consideredin ea

34、ch individual case. The rules given in the Standardmust be interpreted accordingly, and judgment must beused in determining their application.The Standards Committee will be glad to receive criti-cisms of this Standards requirements and suggestions1B30.24, B30.26, B30.27, and B30.28 are in the devel

35、opmentalstage.Copyright ASME International Provided by IHS under license with ASMENot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-(03)for its improvement, especially those based on actualexperience in application of the rules.Suggestions for changes to the Standard s

36、hould besubmitted to the Secretary of the B30 Committee, ASME,Three Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5990, andshould be in accordance with the following format:(a) Cite the specific paragraph designation of the per-tinent volume.(b) Indicate the suggested change (addition, deletion,revision, etc.).(c

37、) Briefly state the reason and/or evidence for thesuggested change.(d) Submit suggested changes to more than one para-graph in the order that the paragraphs appear in thevolume.The B30 Committee will consider each suggestedchange in a timely manner in accordance with its proce-dures.SECTION I: SCOPE

38、This Standard applies to the construction, installation,operation, inspection, maintenance, and safe use of lift-ing equipment used in construction and industrial set-tings. This includes, but is not limited to: articulating-boom, container, gantry, mobile, pedestal, portal, tower,and stacker cranes

39、; balance-lifting units; below-the-hooklifting devices; cableways; derricks; jacks; hoists; hooks;loads suspended from rotorcraft; material placementsystems; monorails; rigging hardware; slings; and scrapmaterial handlers.This Standard does not apply to track and automotivejacks, railway or automobi

40、le wrecking cranes, shipboardcranes, shipboard cargo-handling equipment, well-drilling derricks, skip hoists, mine hoists, truck bodyhoists, car or barge pullers, conveyors, excavating equip-ment, or equipment falling within the scope of the fol-lowing Committees: A10, A17, A90, A92, A120, B20, B56,

41、and B77.SECTION II: PURPOSEThis Standard is designed to(a) guard against and minimize injury to workers,and otherwise provide for the protection of life, limb,and property by prescribing safety requirements(b) provide direction to owners, employers, supervi-sors, and others concerned with, or respon

42、sible for, itsapplication(c) guide governments and other regulatory bodiesin the development, promulgation, and enforcement ofappropriate safety directivesSECTION III: INTERPRETATIONSUpon request, the B30 Committee will render an inter-pretation of any requirement of the Standard.viiInterpretations

43、can only be rendered in response to awritten request sent to the Secretary of the B30 Commit-tee, ASME, Three Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5990.The request for interpretation should be clear andunambiguous. It is further recommended that theinquirer submit his request utilizing the followingforma

44、t.Subject: Cite the applicable paragraph number(s)and provide a concise description.Edition: Cite the applicable edition of the pertinentvolume for which the interpretation is beingrequested.Question: Phrase the question as a request for aninterpretation of a specific requirementsuitable for general

45、 understanding and use,not as a request for approval of aproprietary design or situation. Theinquirer may also include any plans ordrawings that are necessary to explain thequestion; however, they should not containany proprietary names or information.Requests that are not in this format will be rew

46、rittenin this format by the Committee prior to being answered,which could change the intent of the original request.ASME procedures provide for reconsideration of anyinterpretation when or if additional information thatmight affect an interpretation is available. Further, per-sons aggrieved by an in

47、terpretation may appeal to thecognizant ASME Committee or Subcommittee. ASMEdoes not “approve,”“certify,”“rate,” or “endorse” anyitem, construction, proprietary device, or activity.SECTION IV: NEW AND EXISTING INSTALLATIONS(a) Effective Date. The effective date of this volume forthe purpose of defin

48、ing new and existing installationsshall be 1 year after its date of issuance.(b) New Installations. Construction, installation,inspection, testing, maintenance, and operation ofequipment manufactured and facilities constructed afterthe effective date of this volume shall conform to themandatory requ

49、irements of this volume.(c) Existing Installations. Inspection, testing, mainte-nance, and operation of equipment manufactured andfacilities constructed prior to the effective date of thisvolume shall be done, as applicable, in accordance withthe requirements of this volume.It is not the intent of this volume to require retrofittingof existing equipment. However, when an item is beingmodified, its performance requirement shall be reviewe