ASME B30 19-2016 Cableways《索道》.pdf

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1、ASME B30.19-2016(Revision of ASME B30.19-2011)CablewaysSafety Standard for Cableways,Cranes, Derricks, Hoists, Hooks, Jacks,and SlingsAN AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDTwo Park Avenue New York, NY 10016 USADate of Issuance: May 25, 2016The next edition of this Standard is scheduled for publication in 202

2、1. This Standard will becomeeffective 1 year after the Date of Issuance.ASME issues written replies to inquiries concerning interpretations of technical aspects of thisStandard. Interpretations are published on the Committee Web page and under go.asme.org/InterpsDatabase.Errata to codes and standard

3、s may be posted on the ASME Web site under the Committee Pages toprovide corrections to incorrectly published items, or to correct typographical or grammatical errorsin codes and standards. Such errata shall be used on the date posted.The Committee Pages can be found at http:/cstools.asme.org/. Ther

4、e is an option available toautomatically receive an e-mail notification when errata are posted to a particular code or standard.This option can be found on the appropriate Committee Page after selecting “Errata” in the “PublicationInformation” section.ASME is the registered trademark of The American

5、 Society of Mechanical Engineers.This code or standard was developed under procedures accredited as meeting the criteria for American NationalStandards. The Standards Committee that approved the code or standard was balanced to assure that individuals fromcompetent and concerned interests have had a

6、n opportunity to participate. The proposed code or standard was madeavailable for public review and comment that provides an opportunity for additional public input from industry, academia,regulatory agencies, and the public-at-large.ASME does not “approve,” “rate,” or “endorse” any item, constructi

7、on, proprietary device, or activity.ASME does not take any position with respect to the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with anyitems mentioned in this document, and does not undertake to insure anyone utilizing a standard against liability forinfringement of any applicable lett

8、ers patent, nor assume any such liability. Users of a code or standard are expresslyadvised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the risk of infringement of such rights, isentirely their own responsibility.Participation by federal agency representative(s) or person(s) af

9、filiated with industry is not to be interpreted asgovernment or industry endorsement of this code or standard.ASME accepts responsibility for only those interpretations of this document issued in accordance with the establishedASME procedures and policies, which precludes the issuance of interpretat

10、ions by individuals.No part of this document may be reproduced in any form,in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise,without the prior written permission of the publisher.The American Society of Mechanical EngineersTwo Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5990Copyright 2016 byTHE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF

11、 MECHANICAL ENGINEERSAll rights reservedPrinted in U.S.A.CONTENTSForeword ivCommittee Roster . viB30 Standard Introduction . viiiSummary of Changes xiChapter 19-0 Scope, Definitions, Personnel Competence, and References . 1Section 19-0.1 Scope of B30.19 . 1Section 19-0.2 Definitions 1Section 19-0.3

12、Personnel Competence 2Section 19-0.4 References 3Chapter 19-1 Construction and Characteristics 10Section 19-1.1 Load Ratings . 10Section 19-1.2 Design and Manufacture 10Section 19-1.3 Construction and Erection . 10Chapter 19-2 Inspection, Testing, and Maintenance 16Section 19-2.1 Inspection 16Sectio

13、n 19-2.2 Testing . 17Section 19-2.3 Maintenance 17Section 19-2.4 Rope Inspection, Replacement, and Maintenance . 18Chapter 19-3 Operation 20Section 19-3.1 Operator Qualifications and Operating Practice 20Section 19-3.2 Operating Practices . 21Section 19-3.3 Signals . 22Section 19-3.4 Miscellaneous .

14、 22Figures19-0.2.1-1 Fixed Cableway . 419-0.2.1-2 Luffing Cableway . 519-0.2.1-3 Parallel Cableway . 619-0.2.1-4 Radial Cableway 719-0.2.2-1 Two-Drum Cableway Hoist 819-0.2.2-2 Trolley Hoist Unit . 819-0.2.2-3 Multisheave Endless Rope Trolley Hoist Unit 819-0.2.2-4 Luffing Hoist Unit 919-1.3.12-1 St

15、andard Hand Signals for Controlling Cableway Operations . 1419-3.4.4-1 Danger Zone for Cableways and Lifted Loads Operating Near ElectricalTransmission Lines . 23Table19-3.4.4-1 Required Clearance for Normal Voltage in Operation Near High VoltagePower Lines 23iiiFOREWORDThis American National Standa

16、rd, Safety Standard for Cableways, Cranes, Derricks, Hoists,Hooks, Jacks, and Slings, has been developed under the procedures accredited by the AmericanNational Standards Institute (ANSI). This Standard had its beginning in December 1916 whenan eight-page Code of Safety Standards for Cranes, prepare

17、d by an ASME Committee on theProtection of Industrial Workers, was presented at the annual meeting of ASME.Meetings and discussions regarding safety on cranes, derricks, and hoists were held from 1920to 1925 involving the ASME Safety Code Correlating Committee, the Association of Iron andSteel Elect

18、rical Engineers, the American Museum of Safety, the American Engineering StandardsCommittee (AESC) later changed to American Standards Association (ASA), then to the UnitedStates of America Standards Institute (USASI), and finally to ANSI, Department of Labor State of New Jersey, Department of Labor

19、 and Industry State of Pennsylvania, and theLocomotive Crane Manufacturers Association. On June 11, 1925, AESC approved the ASME SafetyCode Correlating Committees recommendation and authorized the project with theU.S. Department of the Navy, Bureau of Yards and Docks, and ASME as sponsors.In March 1

20、926, invitations were issued to 50 organizations to appoint representatives to aSectional Committee. The call for organization of this Sectional Committee was sent outOctober 2, 1926, and the committee organized November 4, 1926, with 57 members representing29 national organizations. Commencing June

21、 1, 1927, and using the eight-page code publishedby ASME in 1916 as a basis, the Sectional Committee developed the Safety Code for Cranes,Derricks, and Hoists. The early drafts of this safety code included requirements for jacks, but,due to inputs and comments on those drafts, the Sectional Committe

22、e decided in 1938 to makethe requirements for jacks a separate code. In January 1943, ASA B30.2-1943 was publishedaddressing a multitude of equipment types, and in August 1943, ASA B30.1-1943 was publishedaddressing just jacks. Both documents were reaffirmed in 1952 and widely accepted as safetystan

23、dards.Due to changes in design, advancement in techniques, and general interest of labor and industryin safety, the Sectional Committee, under the joint sponsorship of ASME and the Bureau of Yardsand Docks (now the Naval Facilities Engineering Command), was reorganized on January 31,1962, with 39 me

24、mbers representing 27 national organizations. The new committee changed theformat of ASA B30.2-1943 so that the multitude of equipment types it addressed could be publishedin separate volumes that could completely cover the construction, installation, inspection, testing,maintenance, and operation o

25、f each type of equipment that was included in the scope of ASA B30.2.This format change resulted in the initial publication of B30.3, B30.5, B30.6, B30.11, and B30.16being designated as revisions of B30.2 with the remainder of the B30 volumes being publishedas totally new volumes. ASA changed its na

26、me to USASI in 1966 and to ANSI in 1969, whichresulted in B30 volumes from 1943 to 1968 being designated as either ASA B30, USASI B30, orANSI B30 depending on their date of publication.In 1982, the Committee was reorganized as an Accredited Organization Committee, operatingunder procedures developed

27、 by ASME and accredited by ANSI. This Standard presents a coordi-nated set of rules that may serve as a guide to government and other regulatory bodies andmunicipal authorities responsible for the guarding and inspection of the equipment falling withinits scope. The suggestions leading to accident p

28、revention are given both as mandatory andadvisory provisions; compliance with both types may be required by employers of their employees.In case of practical difficulties, new developments, or unnecessary hardship, the administrativeor regulatory authority may grant variances from the literal requir

29、ements or permit the use ofother devices or methods but only when it is clearly evident that an equivalent degree of protectionis thereby secured. To secure uniform application and interpretation of this Standard, administra-tive or regulatory authorities are urged to consult the B30 Committee, in a

30、ccordance with theformat described in Section IX of the Introduction, before rendering decisions on disputed points.ivSafety codes and standards are intended to enhance public safety. Revisions result from commit-tee consideration of factors such as technological advances, new data, and changing env

31、ironmentaland industry needs. Revisions do not imply that previous editions were inadequate.The first edition of B30.19 was issued in 1986; new editions were published in 1993, 2000, 2005,and 2011. This 2016 Edition includes revisions to add personnel competence requirements, revisedreferences, upda

32、ted inspection, and testing requirements.This Volume of the Standard, which was approved by the B30 Committee and by ASME, wasapproved by ANSI and designated as an American National Standard on April 18, 2016.vASME B30 COMMITTEESafety Standard for Cableways, Cranes, Derricks, Hoists,Hooks, Jacks, an

33、d Slings(The following is the roster of the Committee at the time of approval of this Standard.)STANDARDS COMMITTEE OFFICERSB. D. Closson, ChairT. L. Blanton, Vice ChairK. M. Hyam, SecretarySTANDARDS COMMITTEE PERSONNELN. E. Andrew, LTS Cranes MechanicalM. Eggenberger, Alternate, Berry Contracting,

34、Inc.G. Austin, Terex Corp.T. L. Blanton, NACB Group, Inc.P. A. Boeckman, The Crosby Group, Inc.E. E. Lutter, Alternate, The Crosby Group, Inc.P. W. Boyd, The Boeing Co.B. D. Closson, Craft Forensic ServicesJ. A. Danielson, The Boeing Co.B. M. Casey, Alternate, General Dynamics Electric BoatD. R. Dec

35、ker, Becket, LLCL. D. DeMark, Equipment Training Solutions, LLCD. F. Jordan, Alternate, BP AmericaD. W. Eckstine, Eckstine or a single drumhoist from which the rope winds on one end while therope unwinds from the other drum end (seeFigs. 19-0.2.2-1, 19-0.2.2-2, and 19-0.2.2-3). The hoist ispowered b

36、y a prime mover.lazy guy: fixed length member(s) of rope that preventsluffing the tower(s) (mast) beyond the distance estab-lished by the luffing hoist.load, maximum design: the forces in a particular compo-nent of the cableway resulting from the loading condi-tion that causes the highest stress in

37、that component.load, working: the external load applied to the cablewaylower load block, including the weight of load-attachingequipment such as shackles, slings, etc.load block, lower: the assembly of hook or shackle, swivel,sheaves, pins, and frame suspended by the hoisting rope.loadblock,upper: t

38、he assembly of sheaves, pins, and framefrom which the hoisting rope suspends the lower loadblock. The block may be an integral part of the trolleyor suspended from the trolley.load hoist: a hoist drum and rope reeving system usedfor hoisting and lowering loads.load ratings: working load rating in po

39、unds (kilograms)or tons established by the designer.luffing: the tilting of the cableway towers to achievemovement of the load block transverse to the center lineof the cableway.luffing hoist: the hoist drum and rope reeving systemused for luffing a cableway tower (mast) (seeFig. 19-0.2.2-4).manufac

40、turer: a firm that produces fabricated or assem-bled segments of the cableway. The segments include,but are not limited to, towers, ropes, track cable, trolley,hoists, and load blocks.messenger line: an auxiliary rope suspended between thetowers of the cableway to intermittently support electricpowe

41、r cables or other cables. The messenger line is nor-mally at the very top of the towers, above and clear ofthe button line.2minimum breaking force: the minimum load at which anew and unused wire rope will break when loaded todestruction in direct tension.operating ropes: wire ropes attached to a hoi

42、st for thepurpose of pulling or lifting.overhaul: the action of pulling on a rope or set of fallsto remove slack and unwind the rope from the hoistdrum.pitch diameter: the diameter of a sheave or rope drummeasured at the center line of the rope.qualified person: a person who, by possession of a reco

43、g-nized degree in an applicable field, or certificate of pro-fessional standing, or who, by extensive knowledge,training, and experience, has successfully demonstratedthe ability to solve or resolve problems relating to thesubject matter and work.rope: refers to wire rope unless otherwise specified.

44、rotation-resistant rope: a wire rope consisting of a layerof strand laid in one direction covered by a layer ofstrand laid in the opposite direction. This has the effectof counteracting torque and reducing the tendency ofthe finished rope to rotate.shall: indicates that the rule is mandatory and mus

45、t befollowed.should: indicates that the rule is a recommendation, theadvisability of which depends on the facts in eachsituation.slack carrier: a device that travels on the track cable tosupport the operating ropes when they are slack.tail tower (mast): a vertical support structure, guyed orcounterw

46、eighted for stability, the purpose of which isto support the track cable and operating ropes. The tailtower is the tower located furthest from the load hoistand inhaul-outhaul hoist.thrust track: as support for a traveling tower, a rail(s)designed and constructed to withstand the horizontaland verti

47、cal resultant cableway forces perpendicular tothe direction of tower travel.ton, long: 2,240 lb.ton, short: 2,000 lb.trackcable: the rope(s), spanning between the towers, thatsupports the trolley, load blocks, slack carriers, and load.trolley: see carriage.two-blocking: the condition in which the lo

48、wer load blockor hook assembly comes in contact with the upper loadblock.SECTION 19-0.3: PERSONNEL COMPETENCEPersons performing the functions identified in thisVolume shall meet the applicable qualifying criteria(16)(16)ASME B30.19-2016stated in this Volume and shall, through education, train-ing, e

49、xperience, skill, and physical fitness, as necessary,be competent and capable to perform the functions asdetermined by the employer or employersrepresentative.SECTION 19-0.4: REFERENCESThe following is a list of publications referenced inthis Standard:ANSI A10.28-2011, Safety Requirements for WorkPlatforms Suspended From Cranes or DerricksANSI A14.3-2008, Safety Requirements for FixedLaddersANSI Z26.1-1990, Safety Code for Safety GlazingMaterial for Glazing Motor Vehicles Operating onLand HighwaysANSI Z244.1-2003 (R2014), Lockout/TagoutPublisher: American National Standards Insti