ASHRAE JOURN 40-3 ATA-1998 ASHRAE Journal《ASHRAE日报第40卷第3号 1998年3月》.pdf

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1、COPYRIGHT American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and AC EngineersLicensed by Information Handling ServicesCOPYRIGHT American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and AC EngineersLicensed by Information Handling ServicesI How to put a new boiler through a 26 x 56 inch opening Bryan Knockdowri“ boile

2、rs make replacement easy Hot water and steam commer- boilers without additional con- cia1 and industrial boilers are struction expense. Standard available from Bryan as Knock- models from 18 to 191 hp. All down models that will fit stage- feature the exclusive Bryan flex- by-stage through most ible

3、water tube design standard door open- which prevents pos- ings. Disassemble, sible damage from move in and reas- thermal shock and semble without an permits quick and ASME welder re- simple boiler mainte- quired. Now you can nance. Phone or fax replace old, inefficient for more information. Subsidia

4、ry of Bryan Steam Corporation Since 191 6 P.O. Box 27, Peru, IN 46970 /Phone: 765473-6651 /Fax: 765-473-3074 /E-Mail: / Internet: Commercial/lndustrial Steam and Hot Water Boilers, Boiler Room Accessories (Circle No. 4 on Reader Service Card) COPYRIGHT American Society of Heating, Refrigerating an

5、d AC EngineersLicensed by Information Handling ServicesSTD-ASHRAE JOURN 40-3 ATA-ENGL 1998 M 0757b50 0532731 05T = - Any building, in any part of the country, has its own cooling “issues.” Air quality, comfort and cost control are the major ones. Fortunately, we have the technology to resolve those

6、issues. Natural gas cooling technology. Clean burning. Efficient. And very, very smart. The issue: high humidity levels. You shouldnt have to turn your thermostat way down just to reduce high levels of humidity. A natural gas desiccant system allows you to control humidity levels separately from tem

7、- perature. Desiccant systems can cool alone or in combination with a chiller. By dehumidifying the air, a desiccant system saves the extra energy it takes for a chiller to cool moist air. That means a desiccant system can stretch the capacity of an existing chiller or reduce the size of the chiller

8、 specified in new construction. Desiccant dehumidification mini- mizes or eliminates the growth of bac- teria, mold, mildew and frost crystals. That makes it ideal for hospitals and other medical facilities, health spas, hotels, offices, supermarkets and restau- rants. And desiccant technology helps

9、 meet ASHRAEs 62-89 standards for indoor air quality and increased fresh air without overloading the system. The issue: temperature control. Q When a building gets too hot, ordinary cooling systems turn on full force. Too cool and they just shut off. There isnt much in between. Natural gas engine-dr

10、iven chillers eliminate the extremes through variable-speed oper- ation. By modulating capacity, running at lower speeds for longer periods of time, they can “even out” temperatures and keep humidity down far more effi- ciently and effectively than electric systems. Also, recovered thermal ener- gy

11、from engine-drives can be put to other uses, such as water heating or (Based on 2OO,OOO-sq.-ft building) Natural gas is natures cleanest burning fossil fuel - a far cry from coal- and oil-fired electricity. COPYRIGHT American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and AC EngineersLicensed by Information

12、Handling Servicesquiet, low-maintenance operation - perfect for apartment houses, libraries, churches, hospitals, hotels and offices. The issue: having more than one issue. When a building has two prob- lems - say, temperature fluctuation and humidity- two natural gas cooling systems can be combined

13、. In this case, an engine-driven system with a desic- cant system. This not only can control temperature and air quality better, the combination also can reduce costs. The issue: energy rates. Natural gas technology is versa- tile, efficient and economical. Further- more, its rates are lowest in the

14、 sum- mer, when electric rates are at their highest - enabling building owners and managers to minimize or eliminate electric peak demand charges. And a gas-electric hybrid system can serve as a hedge against energy price fluctua- tion. Thats demand side management. Want to know more? Contact the Ma

15、rketing Department of your local gas company. regenerating a companion desiccant system, making the engine-driven sys- tem even more efficient. Advanced natural gas engine-driven systems are often the technology of choice for large public facilities, office complexes, retail outlets, factories, medi

16、cal centers and universities. Sales of this equipment in the commercial market have quadrupled in recent years. absorption cooling systems. They dont use man-made refrigerants or mechani- cal compressors. Instead, they rely on water as the refrigerant. So, you dont have to worry about retrofitting t

17、o meet future emission standards, or the loss of cooling capacity that results with each retrofit. Absorption systems are available as chillers or chiller-heaters, direct- fired by a gas burner or indirectly pow- ered by another heat source such as waste heat from a cogeneration, hot water or steam

18、system. Clean natural gas. Think what youll save. u the environment, When it comes to reducing pollu- tion, its hard to beat natural gas Absorption chillers con- n few moving parts for - The acid test of a Mugginess, humidity, the stickies. Whatever you call it, natural gas cooling systems handle i

19、t more efficiently and economically than electric ones. cooling system: the hours from 10 a.m. to 7 p.m. (Circle No. 5 on Reader Service Card) COPYRIGHT American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and AC EngineersLicensed by Information Handling ServicesWA L K, CHEW GUM. Nextel phones were built with

20、 a job like yours in mind. Thats why only our Motorola digital cellular phones have the exclusive Nextel Direct ConnectCM feature. This works like a digital two- way radio so you can instantly contact your co-workers with the push of a button. No voice mail. No waiting. Plus, with Nextel Direct Conn

21、ectSM you can talk as much as you want for a fraction of the cost of cellular. So go ahead, walk to the phone and give us a call. YOUVE NEVER USED A PHONE LIKE THIS BEFOREsM CALL 1.800.NEXTEL9. (Circle No. 6 on Reader Service Card) 01998 Nextel Communications. All rights reserved. Nextel, the Nextel

22、 logo. Nextel Direct Connect and Youve Never Used A Phone Like This Before. are trademarks and/or servicemarks of Nextel Communications, Inc. SMotorola is a registered trademark of Motorola, Inc. COPYRIGHT American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and AC EngineersLicensed by Information Handling S

23、ervicesPage 28: 98 AHR Expo Page 57: BACnet“ Installation 1998 ASHRAE Technology Awards . 46 Using Native BACnet“ Systems in Open Protocol Installations By Larry K . Haakensfad and Steven T Tom. Ph.D., I? . 57 Comparing Gas-Engine Cooling Systems: R-l34a vs . R-22 By Jignesh Patel. Hugh 1 . Henderso

24、n. Jr., FI . and Michael Collins . 65 Dehumidification Issues of Standard 62-1 989 By Douglas R . Kosar, Michael J . Witte. Ph.D., Don B . Shirey, Ill and Roger L . Hedrick 71 Innovative Underfloor System By Blair McCarry, PEng 76 Commentary 9 Industry News: ASHRAE 98 . 11 Letters . 36 Washington Re

25、port 42 Meetings and Shows . 44 Standards . 81 Focus on Software . 86 People . 88 Classified Advertising 89 Advertising Index . 96 Reader Service Card . 96a r library Square in Vancouver, B.C., is among the projecfs selecfed for the 7 998 ASHRAE Technology Awards . The winners were recognized at ASH

26、RAEs Winter Meeting in San Francisco . Summaries and photographs about each winning project start on Page 46 . MARCH 1998 VOLUME 40 NUMBER 3 COPYRIGHT American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and AC EngineersLicensed by Information Handling ServicesSTD-ASHRAE JOURN q0-3 ATA-ENGL 1778 I 0757b50 053

27、2735 715 I POPULATIO COPYRIGHT American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and AC EngineersLicensed by Information Handling ServicesTHURSDAY 5:45 PM Twenty minutes ago there was no one at Gate Mi9. 200 passengers are now cooling more than their heels. Tempera ture 70 degrees, 30% rela tive humidity.

28、COPYRIGHT American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and AC EngineersLicensed by Information Handling ServicesCOPYRIGHT American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and AC EngineersLicensed by Information Handling Serviceshe year 198 1 was historic for ASHRAE. The Society completed moving its head- T

29、quarters from New York to Atlanta, a new version of Standard 62 was approved with indoor air quality added to the title, and nine members received the first ASHRAE Energy Awards. Much has changed. But the purpose of the Energy Awards, now named ASHRAE Technology Awards, is basically the same. The aw

30、ard, said Charles E Sepsy, ASHRAEs president in 1981, “is part of a continuing effort to encourage and honor contributions by ASHRAE members in the area of energy conservation and to promote the dissemi- nation of successful techniques.” This edition of ASHRAE Journal continues the tradition with a

31、summary of the award-winning projects. Subsequent issues in 1998 will feature the projects in much greater detail. These projects, like the first nine, have been carefully scrutinized by judges. Each has been in place at least a year so the energy savings could be measured. “All are proven energy-sa

32、vers, said Sepsy in honoring the first nine winners. “That is what makes ASHRAE Energy Awards one of the professions most coveted and prestigious honors.” ASHRAES WINTER Meeting provided opportunities to interview many of ASHRAEs leaders about their work to improve the way ASHRAE revises and de- vel

33、ops its two major multidisciplinary standards, Standard 62 on indoor air quality and Standard 90.1 on energy conservation. I dont think its possible for a group to have agonized more and tried harder to act in the best interest of the industry, the profession, the Society, and the general public. To

34、 a person, they see Standard 62 and Standard 90.1 as ASHRAEs most important contributions to the profession and society at large. Their efforts resulted in significant changes in the way the standards are approved and to the organization of the committees that revise and develop the standards. An ar

35、ticle on these changes, along with an update on the status of Standard 62 and Standard 90.1, starts on Page 11. Our Winter Meeting coverage also includes articles on the meeting program, the new research projects and the public session. THE AHR EXPO usually offers glimpses of the future. This year,

36、several of the industrys largest companies displayed products and services provided through the Internet. One of the companies held a news conference that was aired live on its web page. Another company displayed a system that uses the Internet to monitor and control buildings from remote locations.

37、 In addition to all the functions of homesite control, the system includes low-light cameras that let operators see inside rooms. Another major controls company displayed the prototype of its Internet-enabled software for remote monitoring and control. The Intemet approach, a company spokes- person

38、said, offers customers three key advantages: its simpler, its more conve- nient, and its more affordable than has been previously possible. About 39,000 people (visitors and exhibitor staff) attended the 1998 Expo, a sell- out for the third straight year. An article on the show, which includes a sam

39、pling of new products, starts on Page 28. Have a great month. March 1998 COPYRIGHT American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and AC EngineersLicensed by Information Handling ServicesTheres no riddle as to why the new Trane“ Horizon“ double-effect direct-fired gas absorption chillers are so reliable

40、. Designed and made in the U.S.A. of high-quality materials - like stainless steel for the evaporator pan and Li direct-fired generator, and cupronickel for the tubes - their hermetic integrity is uncompromised for long- term dependability and low day-to-day maintenance. /SO 9001 Quaiffy Sysfem Cert

41、ified sor unit control not only monitors and displays system performance, it also understands the chillers characteris- tics and makes smart decisions based on operating condi- tions. In addition, the UCPZ simplifies integrating Trane absorption chillers into a building automation system The UCP2 mi

42、croproces- such as the Trane Tracer family of products. Your operating costs can be lower because natural gas frees you from high elec- time-of-day rates. And natural gas cooling has environmen- tal benefits. For instance, the Horizon chillers standard low NOx bumer and 8-to-1 turndown rate give it

43、the lowest emissions and best full and part-load efficiencies in the industry. commercial sales office. Or reach - tric demand charges and i For more information, contact your local Trane Trane at http:/ on the Internet. New double-effect direct-fired gas absorption chiilers from Trane. Their reliab

44、ility is monumental. Qas. Think what youll save“ (Circle NO. 58 on Reader Service Card) COPYRIGHT American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and AC EngineersLicensed by Information Handling ServicesSTD-ASHRAE JOURN 40-3 ATA-ENGL 1998 E 0757b50 05329LiO Ob2 9 I Addressing the industry media at a news

45、 conference during ASHRAEs Winter Meeting are (lefi to right) ASHRAE Presi- dent Donald E. Holte; Donald G. Colliver, chair of the ASHRAE Technology Council; and James E. Hill, chair of the committee that recommended the changes. New Ways to Revise Standards Timely Revision, Industry Consensus Goals

46、 of Board SAN FRANCISCO-ASHRAES Board of Directors has accepted a series of recommendations designed to achieve industry consensus and expedite timely revision of its two major multidisciplinary standards, ANSIIASHRAEIIES Standard 90.1 -1 989, Energy Efficient Design of New Buildings Except Low-Rise

47、 Residen- tial Buildings and ANSIIASHRAE Stan- dard 62-1 989, Ventilation for Acceptable Indoor Air Quality. At its Jan. 18 meeting during ASHRAEs Winter Meeting, the Board accepted recommendations to: Place Standard 90.1 on continuous maintenance, no later than July 1,1999 or earlier if consensus o

48、n the revised draft standard does not appear achievable in a timely manner. Standard 62-1989 was placed on continuous maintenance last July. Continuous maintenance establishes a process for continuous revision of a stan- dard. This change will allow the addition of technical information issue by iss

49、ue, Members of the media listen as the new process to revise multidisciplinary stan- dards is outlined by ASHRAE leaders. and maintain its acceptance by the Ameri- can National Standards Institute (ANSI). Establish a multidocument approach in which the respective Standing Stan- dards Project Committees (SSPCs) will develop three documents for Standard 62-1989 and three documents for Stan- dard 90.1-1989. The documents include a “code-intended standard” that estab- lishes mi