ASHRAE JOURN 40-1 ARI-1998 ASHRAE Journal (Volume 40 Number 1 January 1998)《《ASHRAE期刊》 第40卷1号 1998年1月》.pdf

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1、COPYRIGHT American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and AC EngineersLicensed by Information Handling ServicesCOPYRIGHT American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and AC EngineersLicensed by Information Handling ServicesCOPYRIGHT American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and AC EngineersLicensed by

2、 Information Handling ServicesCOPYRIGHT American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and AC EngineersLicensed by Information Handling ServicesCOPYRIGHT American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and AC EngineersLicensed by Information Handling ServicesCOPYRIGHT American Society of Heating, Refrigerati

3、ng and AC EngineersLicensed by Information Handling ServicesSTD.ASHRAE JOURN In a deregulated world, it pays to ie al- Electric utility deregulation means the cost of electricity will reflect real-time pricing. While off-peak prices may be lower, prices during peak cooling hours will be dramatically

4、 higher. This pricing scheme favors chiller plants capable of operating with multiple energy sources. By choosing the right mix of chillers, youll realize substantial savings by balancing your operation to use the most economical energy source available at any given time. Only YORK gives you a full

5、range of chiller choices to deliver real-world energy performance at real-time energy pricing. You can go with Millennium electric chillers to take advantage of hours of low-cost electricity. When electric power is expensive, even high-efficiency, electric chillers cant compete with Millennium gas-f

6、ired absorption and gas-engine-drive chillers that exploit low summer gas prices. You can also select Millennium steam-absorption or steam-turbine-drive chillers that tap economical steam sources. These proven technologies - along with intelligent controls that optimize chiller operations based on v

7、ariable energy costs - are already achieving unprecedented energy savings in multiple- chiller plants. Call YORK today. Well help you diversify to save dollars in the deregulated energy era. 1-800-861- 1001 http:/www. YORK INTERNATIONAL Engineering Air Conditioning for the 21 st Century (Circle No.

8、 4 on Reader Service Card) COPYRIGHT American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and AC EngineersLicensed by Information Handling ServicesSTD-ASHRAE JOURN 40-1 RI-ENGL 1778 81 0759b50 0532497 ZOO 4 ASHRAE Journal (Circle Na. 5 an Reader Service Card) January 1998 COPYRIGHT American Society of Heating

9、, Refrigerating and AC EngineersLicensed by Information Handling Services075b50 0532500 852 H STD-ASHRAE JOURN 40-1 ARI-ENGL 1778 Page 1 O: CIBSE Celebrates Centenary Page S3 7: Moscone Convention Center Equipment Oversizing Issues with Hydronic Heating Systems Outside Air Ventilation Control and Mo

10、nitoring Designing for 42F Chilled Water Supply Temperature: By i.B. Kilkis, Ph.D. 25 By Eric G. Utferson and Harry J. Sauer, Jr., Ph.D Does It Save Energy? By Wayne Kirsner, P. E. . 37 . 43 By J. S. Haberl, Ph.D., P.E. and S. Thamilseran . 49 History of Sealed Refrigeration Systems, Part 3 The Grea

11、t Energy Predictor Shootout II: Measuring Retrofit Savings By Bernard A. Nagengast . . 1998 AHR Expo San Francisco, California January 19-21 Contents 57 s1 o Map to Moscone Center Floor Plans and Exhibition Hours S32 Products Exhibited at the 1998 Exposition Product and Show Guide Advertising Index

12、Advertising Sales Offices s220 . 7 Industry News . 10 Washington Report . . 21 Letters 2 1 Meetings and Shows . . 23 Standards . 58 Literatu re . People . 60 Classified Advertising 61 Advertising Index 67 Reader Service Card . 68a . JANUARY 1998 VOLUME 40 NUMBER 1 COPYRIGHT American Society of Heati

13、ng, Refrigerating and AC EngineersLicensed by Information Handling ServicesSTD-ASHRAE JOURN io-L ARI-ENGL 1998 75b517 17532503 777 88 Challenge McKenica, the inventor of Thin-wall, Welded-seam Tube Mills, to expand your world of tube applications: Thin-wall capabilities, from 0125 mm to 1 53 mm o Hi

14、gh-speed production, to 167 m/min o High-speed cut-off, up to 300 cpm Solid-state high-frequency welding or TIG welding and lockseam o Total turnkey systems o Complete tooling services o Wide range of auxiliary equipment i Radiators Heaters Condensers Oil Coolers Air Londtioninj/Refreration Condense

15、rs Evaporators Telecommunications Cable Co-axial Fiber Optic Automotive EIhaust Systems Thin-wall Stainless Steel Tubing and Muffler Pipe Lan Manuhcturhg Many Applications up to 75 mm Diameter Decorative/Protective/Consumer Products Appliances Furniture Marine Aerospace DIVISION OF INSILCO CORPORATI

16、ON l.l 1714 Broadway, Buffalo, New York USA i421 2 Tel, 716-895-3905 Fax: 716-895-7687 e-mail. thinwalltubemckenica,com 6 ASHRAE Journal (Circle No. 6 on Reader Service Card) January 1998 COPYRIGHT American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and AC EngineersLicensed by Information Handling ServicesJR

17、N 40-1 ARI-ENGL 1998 0757b50 0532502 b25 Fred Turner Editor The Show Goes On o location is going to please everyone, but the West Coast locale of this years International Air-conditioning, Heating, Refrigerating Exposition is a great opportunity for visitors from the Pacific Rim countries. Many of t

18、he 14,364 regis- tered visitors who attended 1986 AHR Expo in San Francisco came from either Japan, Korea, Singapore, Malaysia, China, Taiwan or Vietnam. The show manag- ers expect a strong international attendance again this year. In all, about 18,000 visitors and 18,000-plus registered exhibitors

19、are expected. A sellout for the third straight year, the show is limited by the size of the Moscone Center to 1,0 14 exhibitors and 297,816 ft2 (27 667 m2) of exhibit space. This issue includes our annual show guide and contains hundreds of pages about the show. Features include a floor plan of the

20、exhibits, an alphabetical listing of exhibitors, messages from sponsors, a map of San Francisco and pages of products that will displayed. A LESS visible part of the AHR Expo is its role in funding much of ASHRAEs research. In the 1996-97 fiscal year, for example, ASHRAE spent $2.3 million for resea

21、rch. Contributions by individuals and organizations provided $1.6 million. The Expo provided $1.8 million. The Expo money is funding about 90 active research projects which are handled by contract with universities and research firms. The projects are overseen by the 13-member ASHRAE Research Admini

22、stration Committee (RAC) and 90-plus technical committees and task groups. Ultimately, the research becomes the foun- dation for ASHRAE Handbook chapters, special publications, standards and tech- nical papers. Some examples of on-going projects include 875-RP (research project) on advanced methods

23、of calculating peak cooling loads; 890-RP on updating the tables and design weather conditions in ASHRAE Handbook; and 891-RP on validating Standard 129, Standard Method of Measuring Air Change Effectiveness. The use of Expo funds for research originated with the first Expo in 1930. The practice has

24、 played a role in many of this centurys developments in the HVAC Eric Utterson and Harry J. Sauer, Jr., P.E., Fellow ASHRAE, report on ventilation con- trol tests for variable air volume (VAV) systems; Jeff Haberl, Ph.D., Member ASHRAE, and S. Thamilseran report on the competition to establish energ

25、y models for retrofits; and Bernard Nagengast, Member ASHRAE, continues his series on the history of sealed refrigeration systems. Have a great month, and enjoy the show. January 1998 COPYRIGHT American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and AC EngineersLicensed by Information Handling ServicesSTD-AS

26、HRAE JO COPYRIGHT American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and AC EngineersLicensed by Information Handling ServicesSTD-ASHRAE JOURN BUT WITH LONWORKS NETWORKS, IT ONLY TAKES 1 MANAGER To RUN IT. Controlled Access Lighting Control Climate Control/Energy Management Whok in the Dudding? Youll always

27、 knou! with LolvWoni;s networks. Because controiled access cards help the network keep an eye on whos coming and going. Youre never in the dark with LONivOHS networks. Beause once you enter the building, the network turns on the lights in and around your ofice. LoNWomnetworks ensure that every o ce

28、has the ideal temperature. So even if!fice A likes it 78 deguees and office Z wants it at 65, everybodys cool. How we1 do you know your building? With LONWORKS networks, youll know exactiy whats happening in every nook and cranny on your system. So if the thermostat, security system or even somehg a

29、s simple as a light bulb needs attention, you can address it in a flash. Motorolas Neuron“ ICs are the brains that power up LONWORKS networks and make them part of the BACnet“ standard. In fact, its this type of intelligence that helps buildings run more efficiently with less downtime. And LONWORKS

30、networks allow for interoperability, so youre no longer tied to one vendor. Malung both you and your building even smarter. So maybe its time you get to know LONWORKS networks. From Wired and Wireless Communications to Consumer Electronics, Motorola products power the innovative solutions that enabl

31、e your success. Visit us at /neuron-chips or call 1-800-201-0293 (Ref. #LWOOl). MO7“OROf.A Semiconductor Prociucfs Sector What you never thought possible.“ January 1998 ASH RAE J o u rn a I 9 COPYRIGHT American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and AC EngineersLicensed by Information Handling Servi

32、cesSTD-ASHRAE JOURN 40-1 ARI-ENGL 1798 II 0757h50 0532505 33q R CIBSE British I nst it u tio n Going Strong at 100 LONDON-The British Institution of Heating and Ventilating Engineers was founded in the year that Queen Victoria marked her diamond jubilee. It changed its name in 1976 to The Char- tere

33、d Institution of Building Services Engineers (CIBSE), and this October celebrated its Centenary with a conference and ex- hibition in which ASHRAE played an active role. The Year 1897 was not just important for the British heat- ing and ventilating business, but for the modern world. In this year, t

34、he first cathode-ray tube was developed, although it was not until 1907 that this was linked to “electric vision.” In the same year, the Hawaiian Islands became part of the U.S. and a gold rush in the Klondike fields yielded $22 million in gold in just 12 months. It was also in 1897 that Mark Twain

35、cabled the New York Times from Europe that “The reports of my death are greatly exaggerated.” More than 500 delegates attended the CIBSE Centenary meeting at Alexandra Palace, London, the venue in 1936 of the worlds first high-definition TV broadcast. More than 70 papers were presented over three da

36、ys. Cele- brating the Institutions Centenary in an original way, a virtual conference was run in parallel with CBSEs National Confer- ence. The “virtual conference” is believed to be a first for the See British Institution, Page 7 7 LONDON-To commemorate the CIBSE Centenary, ASH- RAE President Donal

37、d Holte presented a gavel crafted from an American live oak to CIBSE President Geoffrey Brun- drett. In his remarks, Holte noted that oak is the national free of England and the state tree of Georgia, home of ASHRAE Headquarters. The life of an oak spans 300 years,“ said Holte. The first 700 years a

38、re a period of growth, the second a period of maturity, and the last 700 its years of decline. We are here to celebrate the 7 O0 years of maturity which follow for CIBSE. We shall let our descen- dants at the bicentennials of CIBSE and of ASHRAE face the challenge of reversing the final 700 years of

39、 decline.” ASHRAE Celebrated ifs Centennial in 7 995. 10 ASH RAE J o u rna I January 1998 COPYRIGHT American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and AC EngineersLicensed by Information Handling Servicess LONDON-ASHRAE President Don Holte shares his engi- neering expertise with a group of English schoo

40、l children as they build a functioning ”lift.” The children demonstrated how educational kits distributed by CIBSE Patrons, CIBSEs industrial affiliate organization, can be used in the class- room to promote careers in building services engineering. British Institution, From Page 1 O Building Servic

41、es Industry in Europe, and possibly in the world. Twelve papers were made available on the Internet prior to the Alexandra Palace meeting. Each days conference papers were added after presentation. Conference delegates were able to visit the Web site, read and download the papers, and post their com

42、ments. All material is to stay on the Web site for the next four months. Readers of ASHME Journal can visit http:lwww.vir- tual-. Bound copies of the conference papers can be obtained from CIBSE, 222 Balham High Road, Lon- don, SW12 9BS, England. Tel: +44 181 675 5211. Fax: +44 181 675 5449. Email:

43、infocibse.org. The conference also included a plenary session that fea- tured David Arnold, a past president of CIBSE, and ASHRAE director-at-large. Arnold spoke about “Air Conditioning and the Evolution of Modern Office Building Design.” His presen- tation was illustrated with excellent photographs

44、. Topics of other notable papers included displacement ven- tilation applications, gas-fired absorption cycle technology for buildings, lighting control and man- agement, the conflict between holistic building design and facility manage- ment and the new Parliamentary building in Westminster. A repo

45、rt was also presented on a climatic chamber study into the valid- ity of Ole Fangers PMVIPPD ther- mal comfort index for subjects wearing different levels of clothing insulation. During the conference ASHRAE held a breakfast that was attended by about 40 UK members. ASHRAE Pres- ident Don Holte and

46、Jim Hill. Tim Dwyer ASHRAEs immediate past president took an active part. Notable participants also included Geoff Brundrett, founding chairman of the CIBSEIASHRAE Group and the CIBSE president. Also attending from ASHRAE were Frank Coda, ASHRAE secretary and executive vice president, and Steve Coms

47、tock, ASHRAEs director of publishing services. ASHRAE President Don Holte was introduced at the break- fast meeting by Tim Dwyer, chair of the CIBSEIASHRAE Group. Holtes well-received speech emphasized the need for engineers to use more “brain than brawn” in the systems that maintain indoor environm

48、ents. “We have a responsibility to protect the environment and to ensure an adequate supply of energy for future generations.” Holte reiterated the need for ASHRAE to press forward with its standards for indoor air quality, energy conservation and indoor comfort, all of which impact directly or indi

49、rectly the global outdoor environment. Following Holtes presentation, an update was provided on a research project jointly sponsored by ASHRAE and CIBSE. Researchers at Loughborough University of Technology are ASHRAE Journal 11 January 1998 COPYRIGHT American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and AC EngineersLicensed by Information Handling ServicesSTD.ASHRAE JOURN u-L ARI-ENGL i978 e 0757b50 0532507 io7 m attempting to quantifi the differences between the predictions for the various heating and cool