ASHRAE JOURN 38-6 IAQ-1996 ASHRAE Journal《ASHRAE日报第38卷第6号 1996年6月》.pdf

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1、 4003 933 Heres news thats bound to be the talk of the industry. The Metasye Fx%ity Management System can now control systems from Honey- well, Robertshaw, Barber- Colman and Landis $79 (includes postage for Canadian). $149 international (includes air mail). Member- ship subscriptions have a common

2、June expiration. Non- member subscriptions may var. Payment (US funds) required with all orders. POSTMASTER: Send form 3579 to: ASHRAE Journal, 1791 Tullie Circle N.E Atlanta, GA 30329 LETTERS/MANUSCRIPTS-Leiters to the editor and manu- scripts for publication should be sent to: William R. Coker, Ed

3、itor, ASHRAEJournal, 1791 Tullie Circle N.E., Atlanta, GA 30329 MICROFILM-This publications microfilmed by University Microfilms, inc.(UMI), 300 North Zeeb Road, Ann Arbor, MI 481 06. For information on cost and issues available, you may contact UM1 at 313-761-4700. 4 ASHRAE Joimal June 1996 ASHRAE

4、TITLE*JOURN 3B-bxIAQ b 0759b50 0524009 35L ASHRAE“ JOURNAL 1791 Tullie Circle N.E. Atlanta, Georgia 30329-2305 ASHRAE Home Page http:/www.ashrae.org /u 404-636-8400 FAX 404-321 -5478 Controlling the Environment Through Knowledge EXECUTIVE VICE PRESIDENT/PUBLISHER Frank M. Coda PUBLISHING DIRECTOR W.

5、 Stephen Comstock EDITORIAL EDITOR William R. Coker e-mail bcokerashrae.org MANAGING EDITOR Fred Turner e-mail Rurnerashrae.org ASSOCIATE EDITOR Shannon E. PowersJones e-mail spowersashrae.org WASHINGTON BUREAU J.E. Cox, P.E., Ph.D. Charles R. Mir e-mail washofcashrae.org PUBLISHING SERVICES PUBLISH

6、ING SERVICES MANAGER Scott A. Zeh GRAPHICS Susan Boughadou TYPOGRAPHY Kellie M. Frady Stefan R. Moore Nancy F. Thysell CIRCULATION Phyllis Maurer CIRCULATION MANAGER ADVERTISING ASSOCIATE PUBLISHER Edwin F. Farley ADVERTISING PRODUCTION MANAGER Irene F. Eggeling ASHRAE OFFICERS PRESIDENT Richard B.

7、Hayter, P.E., Ph.D. James E. Hill, Ph.D. TREASURER Donald E. Holte, P.Eng. VICE PRESIDENTS Harley W. Goodman, Jr., P.E. George A. Jackins, P.E. Laurance S. Staples, Jr. James E. Wolf SECRETARY Frank M. Coda POLICY GROUP 1995-96 Chairman Journal/lnsights Committee Charles H. Culp, 111, Ph.D. PRESIDEN

8、T-ELECT 5 Member of The Audit Bureau of Circulation Commentary The Indoor Environment he quality of the indoor environment is the main focus of this - T issue as authors examine topics ranging from design parame- ters to diagnostics and their effect on IAQ. Mark Gengler reviews his ASHRAE award wini

9、ng redesign for a textile mills environmental conditioning that includes a counter-flow air washer that filters the air and provides a return tem- perature higher than the dew point. When that is combined with indirect evaporative cooling, the project had a payback of one year, saving $63,000. Willi

10、am J. Coad addresses Indoor Air Quality: A Design Parameter with the premise that most IAQ problems occur as a result of the complexity of todays VAV systems. Coad traces this current concern with IAQ to the era following the energy- crisis of the mid-1970s. He outlines some rules and guidelines for

11、 system designers that can help prevent many of the IAQ problems found today. Dr. Jan Sundell, an expert on Sick Building Syndrome (SBS)delivered the keynote address at IAQ 95. In this issue, what we know, and what dont know about sick building syndrome is examined by Dr. Jan Sundell with the object

12、ive of determining what is a sick building and what can be done to help people suffering from sick build- ing syndrome. Sundell concludes that the strongest relationships between building factors and SBS are the age of the building, the outdoor air flow rate, dampness prob- lems, and low standards o

13、f cleaning and building maintenance that could lead to IAQ problems or system malfunctions. System malfunctions, as well as other building variables can be identified by using building data visualization for diagnostics according to Steven Meyers, Evan Mills and Allan Chen. The authors present sever

14、al case studies using specialized data visu- alization techniques to display rich sets of building variables and parameters that per- mit the analysis of data at different timescales. The objectives are to identify or verify energy savings achieved by energy-efficient technology or to identify malfu

15、nctions in building equipment. Reducing the complexity of VAV systems is one of Gil Averys objectives as he reviews the control of VAV systems with DX cooling using a digital to analog con- version. Reviewers of the article agreed that this is a good concept and that operating experiences gained wit

16、h this system should be a topic for an Avery follow up in a future issue. In this article Avery details the advantages of the face damper controlled DX system showing their advantage in use for small to medium-sized commercial buildings. Some of the other advantages discussed include: no complicated

17、 refrigerant piping or oil returns; no pumps, chillers, or water coils to freeze or maintain; and the fact that the system is more efficient than a chilled water system with an air-cooled chiller. rn . Oker William R. Coker Journal Editor ASHRAE Home Page Update http :/www.ashrae.org Updated current

18、 research projects listed by type of research, research insti- tution and by ASHRAE region. These projects also are included in the search engine for ASHRAE research which allows users to search by topic for a description about each project. Look for design changes to the ASHRAE Home Page. These cha

19、nges will make it easier to access information. Take a look and compare ASHRAE Journal On Line with the printed ver- sion, The featured article on the ASHRAE Home Page will be Control of VAV Systems with DX Cooling by Gil Avery. 6 ASHRAE Journal June 1996 Steve Kramer, Alfa Laval lab manager, operat

20、es computer that con- trols testing equipment. New Refrigeration Lab Tests Brazed-Plate Heat Exchangers RICHMOND, Va.-Alfa Laval has a new refrigeration lab to test brazed-plate heat exchangers under a wide range of oper- ating conditions, and assure customers that the technology will perform as exp

21、ected in various applications. The Richmond lab was opened April 18 in a ceremony at- tended by customers, media and Alfa Laval officials, includ- ing the company and division presidents. ?The refrigeration market is a conservative market and re- luctant to change,? said Keith Gifford, Alfa Laval ma

22、rketing manager. ?This (the lab) is our way of proving to customers that our brazed plate heat exchangers operate like we say they will . through actual performance tests.? The lab is capable of performance testing brazed plate heat exchangers ranging from 2 tons (7 kW) to 80 nominal tons (282 kW) w

23、ith an accuracy of f0.2?F to f0.2 gpm. The lab is de- signed to handle all HCFC and HFC refrigerants and can oper- ate at a minimum evaporating temperature of -3 1F (-35C). The lab?s hydraulic plant can maintain flow rates from 4 gpm (. 13 L/s) to 200 gpm (12.62 L/s), using water and most common gly

24、cols or brines as secondary fluids. Alfa Laval, a division of the Swedish company Tetra Laval, invented the brazed plate heat exchanger in 1980, and introduced it to the U.S. market in 1988. Supermarket rack manufacturers, which use the brazed plate exchangers as subcoolers, were the first to use th

25、e product for refrigeration applications. Plate technology has gradually been used for other refrigera- tion and air conditioning applications which use refrigerant to cool a secondary fluid or vice versa. Gifford said brazed plate heat exchangers are more efficient and compact than shell and tube o

26、r coaxial technologies. The compact design results in lower refrigerant volumes, simplified rn installation, and lower shipping costs. Top US. HVAC Michael P. Morgan, an executive with Amerson Electric Company, second vice chairman; and Daniel W. Holmes Jr., president and CEO of Morrison Products, t

27、reasurer. IS expected to be used in others, including daily newspapers. The index also can be sent to e-mail addresses by calling Chet Wade at 412-227-1361 or by e-mail at Chet-Wade CORP.CNG.COM. The index also can be viewed on the Web at http/. Captive-Aire to Expand MUSKOGEE, 0kla.-Captive-Aire Sy

28、s- tems of North Carolina has selected a 15- acre site in a Muscogee industrial park for a new $4 million manufacturing facil- ity. The 100,000 ft2 (92090 m2) building will be the nations largest single facility totally dedicated to the production of commercial kitchen ventilation systems. The plant

29、 will have about 75 employees when operations start in late 1996. At full capacity, the plant will have up to 150 employees. Captive-Aire also has manu- facturing plants in Youngsville, N.C. Trigen, Gentor Form Alliance WHITE PLAINS, N.Y.-Trigen Energy Corporation of White Plains and Gentor Corporat

30、ion of Monterrey, Mexico have agreed to a joint venture to complete the installation and utilization of 36 mW of new cogeneration capacity and develop additional cogeneration opportunities in Mexico. The Trigen-Gentor Joint Venture will provide electricity and steam to sites throughout Mexico that p

31、roduce denim, cardboard, penicillin, chemicals and pro- cessed food. The cogeneration sites em- ploy mobile cogeneration units (MCUs) (Circle No. 12 on Reader Service Card) 2 ASHRAE Journal June 1996 . ._ - - -_ - ASHRAE TITLE8JOURN 3-b*IAQ 96 E 0759650 05240Lb 593 Industry Roundup manufactured by A

32、GC Project Develop- ment, a Gentor subsidiary in Tulsa, Okla. Ventilation System Patented COLUMBUS, Ohio-LCSystems has announced that it has received a patent for its new lineal slot ventilator (LSV) for commercial kitchens. The LSV low- ers the ventilator and moves it behind the cooking appliances.

33、 The new location frees wall space and provides new op- tions for the design of open kitchens and cafeteria lines. EPA Extends Purity Rule ARLINGTON, Va.-The Air-Condition- ing and Refrigeration Institute (ARI) has announced that U.S. Environmental Pro- tection Agency (EPA) has extended a rule requi

34、ring that used refrigerant meet AH Standard 700 for purity. The extension pre- vents a lapse in regulations that could have allowed the sale of used refrigerant without regard to purity. Solar Car Time Trials The Solar Energy Society of Canada will sponsor its First Canadian Solar Discovery Challeng

35、e, a time-trial event on June 22-25 involving six Canadian university solar car teams. The 900-km (559.2-mile) route starts in London and ends in Montreal. The event is designed to showcase state-of-the- art designs and technologies, and to edu- cate the public about renewable energy. Subsequent eve

36、nts, which may include American teams, will be held in the years 1997,1999 and 2001. NIBCO Sells Subsidiary has announced the sale of its Canadian subsidiary, NIBCO Canada, to NCI Mar- keting of Markham, Ontario. NCI is owned by Cliff Sarjeant, a former general manager of NIBCO. NCI will replace NIB

37、CO as the exclusive distributor of NIBCO products in Canada. NIBCO makes flow-control products and systems for HVAC Solly Cohen, managing director of Fiero Milano Interna- tional; and Alberto Cavallini, president of AICARR. Mostra Convegno Emerges As International Showcase Convegno became a bi-annua

38、l event, alternating with the German ISH exhi- By Roy S.I. Smith bition, That year there was enough MILAN, staged 36 Years space to accommodate the 1,558 com- panies that applied to exhibit, 1,046 the 30th Mostra Onvegno this March was Over loo larger, filling almost all ofthe available space at Mil

39、ans giant fairground. Its history is interesting, the sta- tistics impressive. One of very first specialist trade fairs held in Italy, the 1960 “Mostra Convegno” had just 50 exhibi- tors occupying 2,000 m2 (21,528 ft2). The country was a the beginning of an economic separate stands occupied nearly 6

40、0,000 ing over a gross area of 350,000 m2 ,2 (645,832 ft2) in 14 pavilions sprawl- representing over 2,000 firms occupied over 71,000 m2 (764,235 ft2) of stand space in boom, and 5,000 attended to see the very latest in HVAC products. Just eight shows later (the first time I ever attended) it had al

41、ready become estab- lished as one of the more important ex- pos anywhere, with over 400 exhibitors and 125,000 visitors. Demand for space at the show grew to such an extent, that in 1973 although there was 37,000 m2 (398,263 ft2) of stand area, this was insufficient to ac- commodate everyone from th

42、e HVAC industry who wanted to be there. The fol- lowing year it was decided that for future events priority should be given to prod- ucts from two of the main exhibitor cate- gories, which then were air conditioning; heating; tools plumbing/sanitation/ath- rooms; and pumps/valves/pipe fittings. The

43、system worked fairly well, but was scrapped in 1982 when Mostra ed the show, 11.2% more than in 94 to examine products fi-om some 40 countries demonstrated by 1,750 exhib- itors. This in 30 pavilions, with a gross area exceeding 350,000 m2 (3,767,354 ft2) of net stand space. Many of the well known U

44、.S. com- panies were present in Milan, including Carrier, McQuay and York, exhibiting here with their own local manufactur- ing subsidiaries. Also here were the Anemostat division of Dynamics Corp., Armstrong World Industries, Bacharach, Baltimore Air Coil, Bristol Compressors, Chicago Blower, Dun-

45、ham Bush, Honeywell, Raychem, Ridge Tool, Tecumseh, Acutherm (Therma-Fuser), Trane and White Westinghouse. For some years Mostra Convegno Ex- pocomfort has been a truly international event. For those seriously involved in 16 ASHRAE Journal June 1996 the HVAC industry, as sellers or buyers, home. It

46、is also a net exporter, companies dustry bodies, including ASHRAE, certainly it is a place to see and be seen. having increased external sales from 380 staging its 37th convention. In March 34,500 of the visitors came billion lira ($242 million) in 94 to a fore- Speakers included Alberto Cavallini,

47、from outside Italy, 99 nations in total rep- casted 540 billion lira ($344.4 million) this president of AICARR; Solly Cohen, resented. The highest numbers emanated year partly because, it was said, “our qual- managing director of Fiero Milano In- from Germany (2,465), France (2,274), ity is much hig

48、her than that of the compe- ternational; and Frank M. Coda, execu- Spain (1,959), Switzerland (1,768), tition.” tive vice president of ASHRAE. Greece (1,036), and the UK (1,005). Al- Major overseas markets for Italian- Speakers also included representatives most 400 visited from North America, in ma

49、de AC equipment include France and from other European HVACAsHRAE TITLE*JOURN 38-b*IAQ 9b H 0759b50 0524021, 959 Standard 52.2P Expected To Offer Better Method Of Selecting Air Filters The new method of evaluating filters in proposed ASHRAE Standard 52.2P - Method of Testing General Ventilation Air- Cleaning Devices for Removal Efficiency by Particle Size is expected to provide a better way to assess performance and compare products from the various manufacturers. The stan- dard was released for public r