ANSI UL 48-2011 UL Standard for Safety Electric Signs (Fifteenth Edition Reprint with Revisions Through and Including November 10 2017)《电光标志》.pdf

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1、UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION OR DISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM UL UL 48 Electric SignsUL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION OR DISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM ULUL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION OR

2、DISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM UL UL Standard for Safety for Electric Signs, UL 48 Fifteenth Edition, Dated September 2, 2011 Summary of Topics Revision pages for the Standard for Electric Signs, UL 48 have been issued to include the following revisions that were balloted on March 28, 2014 and

3、 August 8, 2014: Added requirements for laminated or organic-coated glass. Added requirements for signs with photovoltaic systems or modules. Claried the requirements for drain openings. Text that has been changed in any manner or impacted by ULs electronic publishing system is marked with a vertica

4、l line in the margin. Changes in requirements are marked with a vertical line in the margin and are followed by an effective date note indicating the date of publication or the date on which the changed requirement becomes effective. The new and revised requirements are substantially in accordance w

5、ith Proposal(s) on this subject dated March 28, 2014 and August 8, 2014. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form by any means, electronic, mechanical photocopying, recording, or otherwise without prior permission of

6、 UL. UL provides this Standard as is without warranty of any kind, either expressed or implied, including but not limited to, the implied warranties of merchantability or tness for any purpose. In no event will UL be liable for any special, incidental, consequential, indirect or similar damages, inc

7、luding loss of prots, lost savings, loss of data, or any other damages arising out of the use of or the inability to use this Standard, even if UL or an authorized UL representative has been advised of the possibility of such damage. In no event shall ULs liability for any damage ever exceed the pri

8、ce paid for this Standard, regardless of the form of the claim. Users of the electronic versions of ULs Standards for Safety agree to defend, indemnify, and hold UL harmless from and against any loss, expense, liability, damage, claim, or judgment (including reasonable attorneys fees) resulting from

9、 any error or deviation introduced while purchaser is storing an electronic Standard on the purchasers computer system. The requirements in this Standard are now in effect, except for those paragraphs, sections, tables, gures, and/or other elements of the Standard having future effective dates as in

10、dicated in the note following the affected item. The prior text for requirements that have been revised and that have a future effective date are located after the Standard, and are preceded by a SUPERSEDED REQUIREMENTS notice. OCTOBER 21, 2014 UL 48 tr1UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FUR

11、THER REPRODUCTION OR DISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM UL OCTOBER 21, 2014 UL 48 tr2 No Text on This PageUL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION OR DISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM UL SEPTEMBER 2, 2011 (Title Page Reprinted: October 21, 2014) 1 UL 48 Standard for Elect

12、ric Signs First Edition November, 1917 Second Edition March, 1930 Third Edition September, 1937 Fourth Edition March, 1940 Fifth Edition June, 1954 Sixth Edition February, 1957 Seventh Edition December, 1958 Eighth Edition December, 1960 Ninth Edition November, 1966 Tenth Edition October, 1971 Eleve

13、nth Edition June, 1976 Twelfth Edition November, 1980 Thirteenth Edition March, 1988 Fourteenth Edition February, 1996 Fifteenth Edition September 2, 2011 This ANSI/UL Standard for Safety consists of the Fifteenth Edition including revisions through October 21, 2014. The most recent designation of A

14、NSI/UL 48 as an American National Standard (ANSI) occurred on October 21, 2014. ANSI approval for a standard does not include the Cover Page, Transmittal Pages, Title Page, or effective date information. Comments or proposals for revisions on any part of the Standard may be submitted to UL at any ti

15、me. Proposals should be submitted via a Proposal Request in ULs On-Line Collaborative Standards Development System (CSDS) at http:/. ULs Standards for Safety are copyrighted by UL. Neither a printed nor electronic copy of a Standard should be altered in any way. All of ULs Standards and all copyrigh

16、ts, ownerships, and rights regarding those Standards shall remain the sole and exclusive property of UL. COPYRIGHT 2014 UNDERWRITERS LABORATORIES INC. ANSI/UL 48-2014UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION OR DISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM UL OCTOBER 21, 2014 ELECTRIC S

17、IGNS - UL 48 2 No Text on This PageUL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION OR DISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM UL CONTENTS 1 Scope .5 2 Glossary .6 3 General .11 3.1 Components 11 3.2 Reference publications .12 3.3 Units of measurement 12 4 Construction .12 4.1 Mechanical

18、 .12 4.2 Electrical .28 4.3 Devices and components .53 4.4 Supplementary requirements 65 5 Performance 79 5.1 General 79 5.2 Temperature 79 5.3 Dielectric .83 5.4 Strain relief .83 5.5 Stability 84 5.6 Mounting .84 5.7 Gasket aging .84 5.8 Gasket adhesion .84A 5.9 Exclusion of water 84A 5.10 Bond im

19、pedance .86 5.11 Accessibility barrier dielectric 86 5.12 Glass fragmentation test 86 5.12A Glass impact test 86A 5.13 Lamp containment barrier melt-through test 86A 5.14 Polymeric ground/bond strength test 86B 5.15 Straight accessibility probe test .86B 5.16 Mold stress relief distortion test .86B

20、5.17 Torque, bending moment and conduit pullout tests 86B 5.18 Conduit knockout and twistout test .89 5.19 Leakage current 90 5.20 Self-threading screw torque test 92 6 Manufacturing and Production Line Testing Production Line Grounding Continuity .92 7 Marking .93 7.1 General 93 7.2 All signs 93 7.

21、3 Illumination specic .94A 7.4 Portable/stationary/mobile 95 7.5 Permanently connected signs .95 7.6 Outline lighting 96 7.7 Section signs .96 7.8 Neon signs for use in dwellings .96 7.9 Photovoltaic signs .97 8 Instructions 97 8.1 General 97 8.2 Section signs .98 8.3 Skeleton neon tubing 98 8.4 Awn

22、ing signs .99 8.5 Cord-connected .99 8.6 Photovoltaic signs .99 OCTOBER 21, 2014 ELECTRIC SIGNS - UL 48 3UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION OR DISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM UL APPENDIX A Standards for ComponentsA1 SEPTEMBER 2, 2011 ELECTRIC SIGNS - UL 48 4UL COPYR

23、IGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION OR DISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM UL 1 Scope 1.1 These requirements cover all electric signs, art forms and outline lighting for use in accordance with the National Electrical Code, NFPA 70. 1.2 Electric signs include all signs (regardles

24、s of voltage) that are electrically operated and/or electrically illuminated, including but not limited to the following methods of illumination: incandescent, uorescent, high intensity discharge (HID), electric discharge tubing including neon tubing, light-emitting diode (LED), skeleton neon tubing

25、, cold-cathode lamps, and electroluminescence. Unless otherwise noted the term sign includes signs, outline lighting, art forms, and skeleton neon tubing. 1.3 Electric signs covered by these requirements also include, but are not limited to, awning signs, trailer-mounted signs, electrically or mecha

26、nically animated signs, signs supplied by photovoltaic systems and other independent power sources, changing message signs, including scrolling, ipper, tri-view, liquid crystal display (LCD), and light-emitting diode (LED) type and other electrically operated signs that are not necessarily illuminat

27、ed. 1.4 These requirements do not cover the following: a) Illuminated clocks operating at 600 V or less; refer to the Standard for Household Electric Clocks, UL 826 or for commercial use clocks to the Standard for Time-Indicating and -Recording Appliances, UL 863; b) Exit signs; refer to the Standar

28、d for Emergency Lighting and Power Equipment, UL 924; c) The trailer of a trailer mounted sign; d) Luminaires mounted to function as outline lighting; refer to the Standard for Luminaires, UL 1598; e) Luminaires mounted within an Awning Sign; refer to Standard for Luminaires, UL 1598; f) Signs that

29、do not use electricity; g) Luminaires intended for billboard illumination; refer to Standard for Luminaires, UL 1598; h) Fiber optics or Fiber optic Illuminators; i) Signs for use in hazardous (classied) locations as dened in the National Electrical Code, NFPA 70. SEPTEMBER 2, 2011 ELECTRIC SIGNS -

30、UL 48 5UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION OR DISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM UL 2 Glossary 2.1 For the purpose of this standard the following denitions apply. 2.2 ACCESSIBILITY BARRIER A material provided to limit access to the following in items (a) (d) below. If a

31、ll or part of the barrier also serves as an enclosure, see Enclosure, 2.21. a) Uninsulated live parts, b) Dead metal parts that are at a risk of being energized and are not grounded, and c) Live parts insulated with materials not intended to be subject to user contact, or d) Moving parts that presen

32、t a risk of injury. 2.3 ACCESSIBLE PART See Part, Accessible, 2.44. 2.4 ADHESIVE Bonding material (i.e. epoxy, paste, cement) placed between parts to be fastened together that adheres to each part, and remains the securement medium between the parts. 2.5 AWNING SIGN A xed structure with exible or ri

33、gid sign face material extending over a window, door, patio, walkway, etc. providing protection from the weather and integral illumination of the signage. 2.6 BARRIER See Accessibility Barrier, 2.2, Heat Barrier 2.28, Insulating Barrier, 2.31, and Water Shield, 2.76. 2.7 BONDING Permanent joining of

34、 metallic parts to form an electrical conductivity path that provides electrical continuity between dead metal parts and the capacity to conduct any fault current that may occur. 2.8 CANOPY A device provided with a sign, or separately, that is used to cover an outlet box. A canopy is capable of bein

35、g secured to an outlet box or to a ceiling. 2.9 CANOPY SIGN A sign that is supported and suspended from an outlet box by a chain, stem, or cable. 2.10 CLASS 2 CIRCUIT Wiring, conductors, and components connected only to a Class 2 supply source. See Class 2 Supply Source, 2.11. 2.11 CLASS 2 SUPPLY SO

36、URCE An electrical source such as a transformer, power supply, or battery having an open-circuit voltage that is less than 30 Vrms (42.4 Vpeak) or 60 Vdc and having limited energy available in the circuit under load conditions, including short circuit and extremely low resistance as specied by the c

37、urrent and VA limitations of the Article 725 of the National Electrical Code, NFPA 70. 2.12 COLD-CATHODE LAMP An electric-discharge lamp that is characterized by an arc discharge, and in which the cathode drop is relatively high and the current density at the cathodes is relatively low. 2.13 DAMP LO

38、CATION See Location of Use Designation, 2.36. 2.14 DECORATIVE PART A part which, if removed, does not result in the product no longer complying with the requirements. SEPTEMBER 2, 2011 ELECTRIC SIGNS - UL 48 6UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION OR DISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PER

39、MISSION FROM UL 2.15 DRY LOCATION See Location of Use Designation, 2.36. 2.16 ELECTRIC DISCHARGE LIGHTING System of illumination whereby current is passed through a gas medium. This includes neon tubing, cold cathode lamps, uorescent, and high intensity discharge (HID) types of illumination. 2.17 EL

40、ECTRICAL EQUIPMENT A general term including ttings, boxes, wireways, switches, receptacles, panelboards, appliances, luminaries (xtures), and the like used as a part of an electric sign. 2.18 ELECTRODE RECEPTACLE A contact device intended to accept electrodes of neon tubing. An individual receptacle

41、 may or may not be provided with an integral outer enclosure of metal or other material. 2.19 ELECTRODE SPLICE ENCLOSURE Component specically intended to enclose a splice between a GTO cable conductor and the leads of a neon tube electrode. 2.20 ELECTROLUMINESCENT The emission of light from phosphor

42、 coatings excited by an electrostatic (capacitive) eld. 2.21 ENCLOSURE A part of the sign that encloses electrical and mechanical parts and components that involve the risk of electric shock, hazardous energy, re, and moving parts capable of causing injury. All or part of the enclosure may also serv

43、e as a water shield, sign body, or sign face. 2.21.1 GLASS The following are types of glass: a) LAMINATED GLASS Two or multi glass sheets bonded together, consisting of at least one glass sheet bonded to at least one other sheet of glass with an organic interlayer. When broken, cracks may appear, bu

44、t the glass fragments tend to adhere to the applied organic material. See also the Standard Specication for Laminated Architectural Flat Glass, ASTM C1172. b) ORGANIC-COATED GLASS A sheet of glass covered with either an organic lm or a coating. When broken, cracks may appear, but the glass fragments

45、 tend to adhere to the applied organic material. c) SODA-LIME GLASS Glass that is monolithic and based on soda-lime silicate. It can be annealed or tempered for strengthening. When broken, shards of various sizes and shapes will be released. See also the Standard Terminology of Glass and Glass Produ

46、cts, ASTM C162 for denition. d) TEMPERED GLASS Glass that has been treated so that when broken, it dices into fragments. See also the Standard Specication for Heat-Strengthened and Fully Tempered Flat Glass, ASTM C1048. 2.21.1 added October 21, 2014 2.22 GROUNDED CONDUCTOR A system or circuit conduc

47、tor intentionally connected to ground at the building supply source, also referred to as common or neutral. OCTOBER 21, 2014 ELECTRIC SIGNS - UL 48 6AUL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION OR DISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM UL 2.23 GROUNDING CONDUCTOR, EQUIPMENT The con

48、ductor used to connect the non-current- carrying metal parts of equipment, raceways, and other enclosures to the system grounded conductor, the grounding electrode conductor, or both at the service equipment or at the source of a separately derived system. 2.24 GFCI (GROUND-FAULT CIRCUIT-INTERRUPTER

49、) A device intended to reduce the risk of electric shock by de-energizing a circuit or portion thereof within a certain amount of time after a fault to ground has been detected. 2.25 GTO CABLE Gas-Tube-Sign Cable (formerly known as Gas Tube Oil Ignition Cable). Rated 5 kV, 10 kV, or 15 kV for use between the secondary or output of a neon supply and neon tubing and between segments of neon tubing. 2.26 GTO SLEEVIN