ANSI OPEI B175.4-2013 For Outdoor Power Equipment – Portable Handheld Internal-Combustion-Engine-Driven Cut-Off Machines – Safety Requirements.pdf

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1、American National Standardfor Outdoor Power Equipment Portable, Handheld,Internal Combustion EnginePowered Cut-Off Machines Safety and Environmental RequirementsANSI/OPEI B175.4-2013ANSI/OPEI B175.4-2013ANSI/OPEIB175.4-2013Revision and redesignation ofANSI B175.4-2006American National Standardfor Ou

2、tdoor Power Equipment Portable, Handheld,Internal Combustion EnginePoweredCut-Off Machines Safety and Environmental RequirementsSponsorOutdoor Power Equipment InstituteApproved August 12, 2013Published November 22, 2013 American National Standards Institute, Inc.Approval of an American National Stan

3、dard requires review by ANSI that therequirements for due process, consensus, and other criteria for approval havebeen met by the standards developer.Consensus is established when, in the judgement of the ANSI Board ofStandards Review, substantial agreement has been reached by directly andmaterially

4、 affected interests. Substantial agreement means much more thana simple majority, but not necessarily unanimity. Consensus requires that allviews and objections be considered, and that a concerted effort be madetowards their resolution.The use of American National Standards is completely voluntary;

5、theirexistence does not in any respect preclude anyone, whether he has approvedthe standards or not, from manufacturing, marketing, purchasing, or usingproducts, processes, or procedures not conforming to the standards.The American National Standards Institute does not develop standards andwill in n

6、o circumstances give an interpretation of any American NationalStandard. Moreover, no person shall have the right or authority to issue aninterpretation of an American National Standard in the name of the AmericanNational Standards Institute. Requests for interpretations should beaddressed to the se

7、cretariat or sponsor whose name appears on the titlepage of this standard.CAUTION NOTICE: This American National Standard may be revised orwithdrawn at any time. The procedures of the American National StandardsInstitute require that action be taken periodically to reaffirm, revise, orwithdraw this

8、standard. Purchasers of American National Standards mayreceive current information on all standards by calling or writing the AmericanNational Standards Institute.American National StandardPublished byAmerican National Standards Institute, Inc.25 West 43rd Street, New York, NY 10036Copyright 2013 by

9、 the Outdoor Power Equipment InstituteAll rights reserved.No part of this publication may be reproduced in anyform, stored in an electronic retrieval system, or transmitted in any formor by any means (electronic, photocopying, recording, or otherwise)without prior written permission of the Outdoor P

10、ower Equipment Institute, Inc.Printed in the United States of AmericaiContentsPageForeword iii1 Scope and purpose12 Normative references.13 Definitions.34 Safety requirements.75 Sound levels.186 Vibration.187 Operator manual(s)188 Marking/Symbols21AnnexesA Procedures for the evaluation of environmen

11、t and fuel compatibility of fuel lines and tanks.23B Method of sound pressure measurement at the ear of the operator25C Sound measurement for bystanders (optional)29D Method of vibration measurement34E Determination of the strength of cut-off wheel guards38F Retention test for cut-off wheels.40G Exa

12、mples of symbols41Tables1 Handle clearance dimensions82 Minimum flange dimensions for composite wheels163 Minimum flange dimensions for diamond (steel core) wheels17B.1 Table for reporting measurement results out of the sound pressure measurements at the operators ear position27C.1 Reporting sound d

13、ata.33Figures1 Typical cut-off machine.32 Cutting equipment - Depth of cut43 Typical cutting position.54 Clearance and distance between front and rear handlesfor rear handle machines85 Handle grip area 86 Perimeter of handle cross section97 Clearances behind released throttle trigger98 Finger cleara

14、nces at released throttle trigger.9iiPage9 Hand and finger clearances for front and rear handles for top handle machines.910 Hold machine by both handles during vibration isolators full failure test1011 Probe for fuel line testing1212 Far side of front handle above the machine.1413 Far side of front

15、 handle at sides of the machine .1414 Cylinder or muffler area1415 Test cone1416 Typical flange dimensions17B.1 Test fixture set-up for sound pressure measurement.27B.2 Typical loading device for sound measurements.28C.1 Measuring locations.31D.1 Vibration total value .34D.2 Accelerometer positions.

16、35E.1 Test set-up for strength tests with cut-off wheel guards.38iiiForeword (This foreword is not part of American National Standard ANSI/OPEI B175.4-2013.)This standard revises ANSI B175.4-2006, American National Standard for OutdoorPower Equipment - Portable, Handheld, Internal-Combustion-Engine-

17、Driven Cut-OffMachines - Safety Requirements. The B175.4 Standards Development Committee developed this standard. The Com-mittee is comprised of several organizations and individuals that evaluate or manu-facture these products and accessories.This standard covers maximum wheel diameters up to 16 in

18、ches.A summary of the principal changes included in this standard is as follows:- New important technical specifications and test procedures were added, suchas fuel tank and fuel line integrity and machine drop testing.- Reactive forces definitions were revised for clarity.- During the development o

19、f this standard, an attempt to harmonize it globallywith relevant ISO, CEN, and ANSI standards was considered and implement-ed where appropriate. In this regard, some of the clauses of this standard areidentified as optional as they may only apply to certain market requirements.- Concerning the maxi

20、mum speed for cut-off machines, the definitions of ANSIB7.1-2010, American National Standard, Safety Requirements for the Use,Care, and Protection of Abrasive Wheels, apply, i.e., to define a maximumspindle speed, which correlates to the maximum speed of the cut-off wheel.Usually this maximum wheel

21、speed is calculated from the maximum peripheralspeed of the existing wheels, i.e., 100 m/s. Under these circumstances, sec-tion 8 of ANSI B7.1-2010 for Special Speeds is applicable.- Requirements for heat protection were revised.- A new Annex A was inserted for the Procedures for the Evaluation of E

22、nviron-mental and Fuel Compatibility of Fuel Lines and Tanks information and the re-maining Annexes re-numbered.There are seven annexes in this standard. Annexes A - F are normative and are con-sidered part of the standard. Annex G is informative and is not considered part of thestandard.Suggestions

23、 for improvements to this standard are welcome. They should be sent tothe Outdoor Power Equipment Institute, 341 South Patrick Street, Alexandria, VA22314.The following entities, recognized as having an interest in the standardization of safe-ty requirements for cut-off machines, were contacted prio

24、r to the approval of this re-vised standard. Inclusion in the list does not necessarily imply that the organizationconcurred with the submittal of the proposal to ANSI:Association of Equipment ManufacturersPiedmont Technical Associates, Inc.Concrete Sawing and Drilling AssociationConstruction Soluti

25、ons Services LLCDolmar GmbH North American Division ECHO, Inc. Husqvarna Outdoor EquipmentNorth American Equipment Dealers AssociationSTIHL, Inc.U. S. Consumer Product Safety CommissionU. S. Forest Service San DimasUnderwriters Laboratories, Inc. ivAMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD ANSI/OPEI B175.4-2013Ame

26、rican National Standard for Outdoor Power Equipment Portable, Handheld, Internal Combustion EnginePowered Cut-Off Machines Safety and Environmental Requirements 1 1 Scope and purpose This standard applies to portable, handheld internal combustion engine-powered machines, which use a rotating cut-off

27、 (abrasive) wheel that is center-mounted on and driven by a spindle shaft, and designed for cutting construction materials such as asphalt, concrete, stone, and metal. The requirements in this standard apply to machines using up to 406-mm (16-in) cut-off wheels. If the machine is designed for larger

28、 than 406-mm (16-in) cut-off wheels, the requirements of this standard shall be considered. The requirements listed may apply to machines designed for larger cut-off wheels. Cut-off wheel design and safety specifications are not included in this standard. The effective implementation date of this st

29、andard shall be two (2) years after the publication date and shall apply to all products built after that date. Manufacturers may also comply with the requirements of this standard any time after the publication date. “ANSI/OPEI B175.4-2013” and “ANSI B175.4-2013” may be used interchangeably whereve

30、r referenced or required in this standard. 1.1. Purpose This standard establishes safety and environmental requirements to reduce the risk of injury associated with the use of portable, hand-held internal combustion engine-powered machines using a rotating cut-off (abrasive) wheel. 2 Normative refer

31、ences The following standards contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this American National Standard. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All standards are subject to revision, and parties to agreements based on this American Nat

32、ional Standard are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the standards indicated below. ANSI B7.1-2010, Safety requirements for the use, care, and protection of abrasive wheels ANSI/OPEI B175.4-2013 2 ANSI S1.4-1983 (R2001), Specification for sound level m

33、eters ANSI Z87.1-2003, Practice for occupational and educational eye and face protection ANSI/UL 969-2001, Marking and labelling systems IEC 651:1979, Sound level meters ISO 5349, Mechanical vibration Measurement and evaluation of human exposure to hand-transmitted vibration Part 1: General requirem

34、ents ISO 7293: 1997, Forestry machinery Portable chain-saws Engine performance and fuel consumption ISO 7914: 2000, Forestry machinery Portable chain saws Mechanical handle clearance and sizes SAE J184-1998, Qualifying a sound data acquisition system SAE J335 -2012, Multi-position small engine exhau

35、st system fire ignition suppression U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service, Standard for Spark Arresters for Internal Combustion Engines 5100-1ANSI/OPEI B175.4-2013 3 3 Definitions Figure 1 Typical cut-off machine 3.1 Abrasive cut-off wheel An abrasive wheel designed to be used on portable ha

36、ndheld cut-off machines with dimensions and provisions as given in this standard. Speeds of abrasive cut-off wheel(s) used on portable handheld cut-off machines in this standard may correspond to clause 8 of ANSI B7.1, Special Speeds, for wheel speeds exceeding 80 m/s (15748 fpm). 3.2 Arbor hole The

37、 center hole of the cut-off wheel used for mounting the wheel on the machine spindle. 3.3 Blotter Compressible discs or washers usually of blotting paper stock, plastic, cardboard or gasket material, used between the cut-off wheel and flanges when mounting. 3.4 Choke control A control that is used t

38、o enrich the carburetor fuel/air mixture to aid starting. 3.5 Clutch A device for connecting and disconnecting a driven member to and from a rotating source of power. 3.6 Flange assembly A device provided to clamp and drive the cut-off wheel. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 Throttle control 4 Throttle control l

39、ock-out 7 Transmission cover(s) 2 Muffler 5 Rear handle 8 Cut-off wheel 3 Front handle 6 Clutch cover 9 Wheel guard ANSI/OPEI B175.4-2013 4 3.6.1 Flange contact surface The area between the inner and the outer lines on the flange, which form the bearing surface between the flanges and the cut-off wh

40、eel. (Refer to “r” in Figure 16.) 3.7 Gyroscopic forces Forces that can be caused by the rapid spinning of the cut-off wheel that result in opposition to directional change of the cut-off machine. 3.8 Handle A device designed to facilitate control of the machine in all operating positions foreseen b

41、y the manufacturer. 3.8.1 Front handle A handle located at the top or towards the front of the engine housing. 3.8.2 Rear handle A handle located on the housing towards the rear of the power source housing. 3.9 Maximum depth of cut The depth to which the cut-off wheel can enter the work piece as mea

42、sured from the outside diameter of the wheel to the outside diameter of the flange. (See dimension “t” in Figure 2.) Figure 2 Cutting equipment Depth of cut ANSI/OPEI B175.4-2013 5 3.10 May Indicates a permissive condition. 3.11 Muffler Device for reducing engine exhaust noise and directing the exha

43、ust gases. 3.12 On/off or stop control A control that allows the engine to run or causes the engine to stop. 3.13 Operating/cutting position(s) The operating cutting position relative to the cut-off machine, as defined by the manufacturer in the operators manual. Figure 3 depicts one of the typical

44、cutting positions and the plane of the cut-off wheel. 3.14 Primer/Purger A device in the fuel system for supplying extra fuel or evacuating air to aid starting. 3.15 Reactive forces If the spinning cut-off wheel is slowed or stopped by frictional contact with any solid object, including the work pie

45、ce, or if it is pinched or bound in the cut, reactive forces are generated in a direction opposite to that in which the wheel is moving at the point of contact. Subclauses 3.15.1, 3.15.2, and 3.15.3, which further describe these reactions, are based on an abrasive cut-off wheel rotation with the top

46、 of the wheel rotating away from the operator. Figure 3 Typical cutting position ANSI/OPEI B175.4-2013 6 3.15.1 Rotational forces and kickback If the spinning cut-off wheel is slowed or stopped by frictional contact with any solid object in its upper quadrant, the wheel may attempt to move back and

47、up towards the operator. If it is abruptly slowed or stopped by a pinch or binding in the upper quadrant, the wheel may be thrown back and up towards the operator in a rotational kickback motion. 3.15.2 Climbing If the spinning cut-off wheel is slowed or stopped by frictional contact with any solid

48、object or by a pinch or binding at the front of the wheel, the wheel may attempt to climb the object being cut (climbing). 3.15.3 Pull-away If the spinning cut-off wheel is slowed or stopped by frictional contact with any solid object or by a pinch or binding at the bottom of the wheel, the wheel ma

49、y attempt to pull away from the operator (pull-away). 3.16 Reducing bushing See ANSI B7.1, subclause 1.2.69 3.17 Shall Indicates a mandatory requirement. 3.18 Spark arrester A device through which exhaust gases pass to limit the size of particle emissions. 3.19 Speeds 3.19.1 Idle speed Engine speed as recommended by the manufacturer, at which the engine runs reliably and the cut-off wheel does not rotate. 3.19.2 Rated speed The engine speed where maximum power occurs as determined by the manufacturer. 3.19.3 Maximum spindle speed Speed a