ANSI OPEI B175.2-2012 Outdoor Power Equipment – Internal Combustion Engine-Powered Handheld and Backpack Blowers and Blower-Vacuums – Safety Requirements and Performance Testing P).pdf

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1、American National Standardfor Outdoor Power Equipment Internal Combustion Engine-PoweredHandheld and Backpack Blowersand Blower-Vacuums Safety Requirements and Performance Testing ProceduresANSI/OPEI B175.2-2012ANSI/OPEI B175.2-2012ANSI/OPEI B175.2-2012 Revision and redesignation of ANSI B175.2-2000

2、 (R2005) Includes Amendment 1 ANSI/OPEI B175.2-2012/A1-2013 American National Standard for Outdoor Power Equipment Internal Combustion Engine-Powered Handheld and Backpack Blowers and Blower-Vacuums Safety Requirements and Performance Testing Procedures Sponsor Outdoor Power Equipment Institute Appr

3、oved May 23, 2012 Published September 10, 2012 Amendment Published December 30, 2013 American National Standards Institute, Inc. Approval of an American National Standard requires review by ANSI that therequirements for due process, consensus, and other criteria for approval havebeen met by the stan

4、dards developer.Consensus is established when, in the judgement of the ANSI Board ofStandards Review, substantial agreement has been reached by directly andmaterially affected interests. Substantial agreement means much more thana simple majority, but not necessarily unanimity. Consensus requires th

5、at allviews and objections be considered, and that a concerted effort be madetowards their resolution.The use of American National Standards is completely voluntary; theirexistence does not in any respect preclude anyone, whether he has approvedthe standards or not, from manufacturing, marketing, pu

6、rchasing, or usingproducts, processes, or procedures not conforming to the standards.The American National Standards Institute does not develop standards andwill in no circumstances give an interpretation of any American NationalStandard. Moreover, no person shall have the right or authority to issu

7、e aninterpretation of an American National Standard in the name of the AmericanNational Standards Institute. Requests for interpretations should beaddressed to the secretariat or sponsor whose name appears on the titlepage of this standard.CAUTION NOTICE: This American National Standard may be revis

8、ed orwithdrawn at any time. The procedures of the American National StandardsInstitute require that action be taken periodically to reaffirm, revise, orwithdraw this standard. Purchasers of American National Standards mayreceive current information on all standards by calling or writing the American

9、National Standards Institute.American National StandardPublished byAmerican National Standards Institute, Inc.25 West 43rd Street, New York, NY 10036Copyright 2012 by Outdoor Power Equipment Institute, Inc.All rights reserved.No part of this publication may be reproduced in anyform, stored in an ele

10、ctronic retrieval system, or transmitted in any formor by any means (electronic, photocopying, recording, or otherwise)without prior written permission of the Outdoor Power Equipment Institute, Inc.Printed in the United States of AmericaiContentsPageForeword .ii1 Scope and Purpose 12 Normative Refer

11、ences 13 Definitions. 24 Requirements . 55 Exhaust Gases . 76 Handles and Controls. 77 Harnesses 88 Fuel Tanks, Oil Tanks, and Fuel Lines. 99 Sound Levels 1110 Vibration . 1211 Blower Performance. 1212 Labeling Requirements. 1313 Operators Manual(s) Instructions 13AnnexesA Sound Test Procedures 27B

12、Vibration Test Procedures 33C Blowing Performance Measurement Procedure. 38D Procedures for the Evaluation of Environmental and Fuel Compatibility of Fuel Lines and Tanks 43Figures1 Operating/Blowing or Vacuuming Position . 172(a) Backpack Blower Nomenclature. 182(b) Handheld Blower/Blower-Vacuum No

13、menclature 193 Ceramic Prism 204 Weighted Filter Frequency Attenuation Curve 215 Accelerometer Mounting for Handheld Blower - Vacuum. 226 Accelerometer Mounting for Backpack Blower - Vacuum 237 Weighted Acceleration Sum (WAS) 248 Arm Probe for Tortuous Path Guarding 259 Probe for Fuel Line Testing 2

14、6iiForeword (This foreword is not part of American National Standard ANSI/OPEI B175.2-2012.)This standard is a revision of American National Standard for Power Tools - Hand-Held and Backpack, Gasoline-Engine-Powered Blowers, ANSI B175.2-2004. Thefirst edition of this standard was developed under the

15、 auspices of the Portable PowerEquipment Manufacturers Association (PPEMA) and published in 1990.In 2002, PPMEA discontinued operations and the Outdoor Power Equipment Institute(OPEI) became the secretariat. The present revision of this standard was preparedby the ANSI B175.2 Committee on Gasoline-P

16、owered Backpack and Handheld Blow-ers.A summary of the principal changes included in this revision are as follows:- The scope has been revised (expanded) to establish manufacturer require-ments to reduce the risk of injury associated with the use of handheld andbackpack, gasoline-powered blowers- Th

17、e Definition, Labeling, Operators Manual and Sound sections have beenexpanded- Sections on handles, harnesses, vibration, and performance have been add-ed.This standard contains four normative annexes, which are considered part of thestandard.Suggestions for improvements to this standard are welcome

18、. They should be sent tothe Outdoor Power Equipment Institute, 341 South Patrick Street, Alexandria, VA22314.The following organizations recognized as having an interest in the standardization ofsafety requirements for gasoline-powered blowers were contacted prior to the ap-proval of this revised st

19、andard. Inclusion in the list does not necessarily imply that theorganization concurred with the submittal of the proposal to ANSI.User:Vincent MorabitKen AndersenMichael WilliamsLarry WillGeneral Interest:North American Equipment Dealers Association (Shawn Fitzgerald)Underwriters Laboratory (Nicole

20、tte Allen)U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission (John Murphy)USDA Forest Service/San Dimas Technology 1994 3 Definitions 3.1 Back-Pack Powered Blower: blower designed to have the power source carried on the operators back by means of a harness. 3.2 Back-Pack Powered Vacuum or Blower-Vacuum: vacuum

21、 designed to have the power source carried on the operators back by means of a harness. ANSI/OPEI B175.2-2012 3 3.3 Choke: a control that is used to enrich the carburetor fuel/air mixture. 3.4 Debris: grass, weeds, leaves, paper, dirt, sand, dust or the like. Debris does not include liquid substance

22、s. 3.5 Debris Collector: part or combination of parts that provides a means for collecting debris. 3.6 Dirty Fan Construction: a construction where debris being vacuumed comes into contact with the air-moving fan. 3.7 Discharge Opening: gap or opening through which debris or clean air may be dischar

23、ged. 3.8 Guard: part of the unit or component incorporated to provide protection for the operator. The fan case is considered a guard. 3.9 Handheld Blower: unit supported by hand and possibly assisted by a harness used only for blowing debris. 3.10 Handheld Blower-Vacuum: unit supported by hand and

24、possibly assisted by a harness which may perform as a handheld blower or as a handheld vacuum. Parts may be required to convert a blower to a vacuum and vice-versa. 3.11 Handheld Vacuum: unit supported by hand and possibly assisted by a harness used only to vacuum debris into a debris collector. 3.1

25、2 Handle(s): a structure that enables the operator to hold and control the unit. 3.13 Harness: adjustable strap(s) by which the unit is suspended from the operator. a) Single Harness: the weight of the unit is distributed through one strap to the operator. b) Double Harness: two straps that distribu

26、te the weight of the unit over both shoulders of the operator. 3.14 May: indicates a permissive condition. 3.15 Muffler: device for reducing engine exhaust noise and directing the flow of the exhaust gases. 3.16 Nozzle: the opening at the end of the blower tube from which the air stream exits. 3.17

27、Normal Use: normal use includes use, service, or maintenance as defined in the operators manual(s). ANSI/OPEI B175.2-2012 4 3.18 Operating/Blowing or Vacuuming Position: (See Figure 1.) NOTE This standard does not specify the operating/blowing position. The dimensions provided are based on the opera

28、tor position shown in Figure 1. Should the operating position be on the opposite side as shown in Figure 1, the dimensions referred to would be reversed. 3.19 On/Off Stop Control: a control that allows the engine to run or stop. 3.20 Power Head: power source for the unit. 3.21 Quick Release Mechanis

29、m: a device the operator may activate with one hand in case of emergency. 3.22 Shall: indicates a mandatory requirement. 3.23 Shredder Blade/Device: plastic or metal blade, cutter, string, or the like for reducing vacuumed debris into smaller pieces prior to discharging through the discharge opening

30、. The device may be pivoting or fixed. 3.24 Spark Arrester: a device through which exhaust gases pass to limit the size of particle emissions. 3.25 Speed Limiter: a device that limits the maximum speed of the engine. 3.26 Starter: a system that rotates the engine crankshaft for the purpose of starti

31、ng. 3.27 Throttle: a device that adjusts the volume of fuel and air mixture delivered to the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine. 3.28 Throttle Control: a device activated by the operator to regulate the throttle. 3.29 Throttle Control Latch: a device to temporarily set the throttle

32、in a partially open position to aid in starting the engine. 3.30 Throttle Linkage: a mechanism that transmits motion from the throttle control to the throttle. 3.31 Throttle Setting Control: a manually activated device to set and fix (or release) the throttle setting in a steady position to facilita

33、te operation of the engine over a longer working period. 3.32 Unit: a complete blower or blower-vacuum. ANSI/OPEI B175.2-2012 5 4 Requirements 4.1 Guards To ensure the safety against contact, power driven components (see 4.1.1) and hot surfaces (see 4.1.2) shall be guarded or located so that the ope

34、rator will not inadvertently contact them when starting or during normal operation of the unit as described in the operators manual. The verification of guards shall be carried out on a complete machine assembled in accordance to the operators manual. 4.1.1 Power Driven Components Guards of power dr

35、iven components shall meet criteria by design as specified in 4.2 and criteria by strength and rigidity as specified in 4.3. The opening or removal of the guards shall require the use of tools, or the unit shall come equipped with an engine shut-off system that will activate when the guard is opened

36、 or removed. 4.1.2 Hot Surfaces Any metallic surface of the machine that has a temperature of over 80C (176F), or a plastic part that has a temperature of over 94C (201F), shall be considered a hot surface. NOTE The exhaust pipe (outlet) is not considered a surface that is intentionally or inadverte

37、ntly contacted during normal operation. These surfaces may be covered by the requirements of SAE J335. Guards of hot surfaces shall meet criteria by design as specified in 4.2. 4.2 Probe Test The probe specified in Figure 8 shall be applied to any opening and if it can be inserted, shall be inserted

38、 to a maximum distance of 850 mm using 10 2 Newtons (2.25 0.45 lbf) of force after inserting the probe into the opening. Contact with any moving or hot part is not allowed. The probe shall be manufactured to enable a rotation of 90 about the articulation axis. The movements of the joints of the prob

39、e shall be free enough to allow easy articulation as the probe is inserted into the opening. Access points evaluated shall include the blower intake and discharge. If the pipe(s) can be removed without use of tools and does not have an engine shut-off system, then the pipe shall be removed for the t

40、est. ANSI/OPEI B175.2-2012 6 4.3 Guard Strength and Rigidity The parts of the fan housing and the guards of power driven components, where accessible with the test probe (see 4.2), shall have adequate mechanical strength and be constructed to withstand such rough handling that may be expected in nor

41、mal use. When tested in accordance with 4.3.1, no parts of the fan housing shall have become detached and no visible cracks shall have developed. If there is doubt as to whether a defect has occurred by the application of the preceding blows, this defect is neglected and the group of three blows is

42、applied to the same place on a new sample which shall then withstand the test. If an inner cover is protected by a decorative cover, the test shall be done with the decorative cover removed. Damage to the finish, small dents, and small chips that do not adversely affect the function of the guard are

43、 ignored. 4.3.1 Guard Strength and Rigidity Test The machine is rigidly supported and three blows (in separate locations) are applied with an impact energy of 1.0J 0.05 J to any point on the guard(s) as identified in 4.3 by means of the spring hammer specified in IEC 60068-2-75. The guard shall with

44、stand these three blows at any location on the guard. The test points selected may be no closer than 51 mm (2 in) to each other. No two points may be at opposite ends of structural ribs in an effort to remove the rib. To ensure that the machine is rigidly supported, it may be necessary to place it a

45、gainst a solid wall of brick, concrete, or similar material. A sheet of polyamide may be tightly fixed to the wall with care being taken to ensure that there is no appreciable air gap between the sheet and the wall. The sheet shall have a Rockwell hardness of HRB 100 ( 10), a thickness of at least 8

46、 mm (0.31 in) and be sufficiently large to ensure that all parts of the machine are supported. 4.4 Functional Integrity This section applies only to those units intended to be used or for use as a vacuum. 4.4.1 Functional Integrity Test The test shall be carried out on all units that can be used or

47、converted to a vacuum. The test is conducted with ceramic prisms that have triangular sides and a prism height of 6.5 mm 0.8 mm (0.255 0.031 in) and a mass of 0.43 g 0.02 g (0.00095 0.000044 lb). See Figure 3. 1 kg (2.2 lb) of the ceramic prisms shall be placed closely packed together in a single la

48、yer on a smooth, flat, hard surface. The unit shall be warmed up and adjusted to the manufacturers specifications and run at wide-open throttle. The prisms shall be ANSI/OPEI B175.2-2012 7 sucked up as quickly as possible within 30 seconds. The prisms shall be collected in the debris collector. If t

49、he unit will not suck up all sample prisms within 30 seconds, the test is void and another unit (original unit may also be used) shall be secured to a table with the vacuum tube perpendicular to the tabletop (with the inlet facing up) where the prisms shall be introduced to the vacuum tube over a period of 30 seconds. The test must follow the same parameters as the normal test procedure in quantity of sample prisms and ingestion time. If the unit has a removable blade/device for shredding, the unit shall be tested with and without the device. After th