ANSI INCITS ISO IEC 23360-3-2006 Linux Standard Base (LSB) core specification 3.1 - Part 3 Specification for IA64 architecture.pdf

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1、 INCITS/ISO/IEC 23360-3:20062010 (ISO/IEC 23360-3:2006, IDT) Linux Standard Base (LSB) core specification 3.1 - Part 3: Specification for IA64 architecture Reaffirmed as INCITS/ISO/IEC 23360-3:2006 R2015INCITS/ISO/IEC 23360-3:20062010 PDF disclaimer This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In a

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4、rinting. Every care has been taken to ensure that the file is suitable for use by ISO member bodies. In the unlikely event that a problem relating to it is found, please inform the Central Secretariat at the address given below. Adopted by INCITS (InterNational Committee for Information Technology S

5、tandards) as an American National Standard. Date of ANSI Approval: 11/17/2010 Published by American National Standards Institute, 25 West 43rd Street, New York, New York 10036 Copyright 2010 by Information Technology Industry Council (ITI). All rights reserved. These materials are subject to copyrig

6、ht claims of International Standardization Organization (ISO), International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC), American National Standards Institute (ANSI), and Information Technology Industry Council (ITI). Not for resale. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form, including an ele

7、ctronic retrieval system, without the prior written permission of ITI. All requests pertaining to this standard should be submitted to ITI, 1101 K Street NW, Suite 610, Washington DC 20005. Printed in the United States of America ii ITIC 2010 All rights reserved ISO/IEC 23360-3:2006(E) ISO/IEC 2006

8、All rights reserved iiiLinux Standard Base Core Specification for IA64 3.1 ISO/IEC 23360-3:2006(E) Copyright 2006 ISO/IEC This standard includes material that has been provided by the Free Standards Group under the GNU Free Documentation License Version 1.1 published by the Free Software Foundation.

9、 Portions of the text are copyrighted by the following parties: The Regents of the University of California Free Software Foundation Ian F. Darwin Paul Vixie BSDI (now Wind River) Andrew G Morgan Jean-loup Gailly and Mark Adler Massachusetts Institute of Technology These excerpts are being used in a

10、ccordance with their respective licenses. Linux is the registered trademark of Linus Torvalds in the U.S. and other countries. UNIX is a registered trademark of The Open Group. LSB is a trademark of the Free Standards Group in the United States and other countries. AMD is a trademark of Advanced Mic

11、ro Devices, Inc. Intel and Itanium are registered trademarks and Intel386 is a trademark of Intel Corporation. PowerPC is a registered trademark and PowerPC Architecture is a trademark of the IBM Corporation. S/390 is a registered trademark of the IBM Corporation. OpenGL is a registered trademark of

12、 Silicon Graphics, Inc. ISO/IEC 23360-3:2006(E) iv ISO/IEC 2006 All rights reservedContents I Introductory Elements .0 1 Scope11.1 General11.2 Module Specific Scope12 References.22.1 Normative References 22.2 Informative References/Bibliography .43 Requirements .73.1 Relevant Libraries .73.2 LSB Imp

13、lementation Conformance 73.3 LSB Application Conformance84 Definitions 105 Terminology .116 Documentation Conventions .13II Executable and Linking Format (ELF).147 Introduction158 Low Level System Information168.1 Machine Interface168.2 Function Calling Sequence.208.3 Operating System Interface .218

14、.4 Process Initialization.228.5 Coding Examples 248.6 C Stack Frame 258.7 Debug Information259 Object Format.26 9.1 Introduction .269.2 ELF Header 269.3 Sections.279.4 Symbol Table .299.5 Relocation.2910 Program Loading and Dynamic Linking .30 10.1 Introduction .3010.2 Program Header3010.3 Program L

15、oading 3010.4 Dynamic Linking.30III Base Libraries .32 11 Libraries 3311.1 Program Interpreter/Dynamic Linker.3311.2 Interfaces for libc.3311.3 Data Definitions for libc .4711.4 Interfaces for libm .5911.5 Data Definitions for libm6311.6 Interface Definitions for libm 6411.7 Interfaces for libpthrea

16、d.6511.8 Data Definitions for libpthread .6711.9 Interfaces for libgcc_s .6811.10 Data Definitions for libgcc_s6911.11 Interface Definitions for libgcc_s.7011.12 Interfaces for libdl .7411.13 Data Definitions for libdl .7511.14 Interfaces for libcrypt75Foreword vii Introduction .viii ISO/IEC 23360-3

17、:2006(E) ISO/IEC 2006 All rights reserved vIV Utility Libraries77 12 Libraries 7812.1 Interfaces for libz.7812.2 Data Definitions for libz .7812.3 Interfaces for libncurses7812.4 Data Definitions for libncurses7912.5 Interfaces for libutil.79V Package Format and Installation8113 Software Installatio

18、n .8213.1 Package Dependencies .8213.2 Package Architecture Considerations 82A Alphabetical Listing of Interfaces83A.1 libgcc_s83A.2 libm83ISO/IEC 23360-3:2006(E) vi ISO/IEC 2006 All rights reservedList of Figures 8-1 Structure Smaller Than A Word 188-2 No Padding.188-3 Internal and Tail Padding.198

19、-4 Bit-Field Ranges .19ISO/IEC 23360-3:2006(E) ISO/IEC 2006 All rights reserved viiForeword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) and IEC (the International Electrotechnical Commission) form the specialized system for worldwide standardization. National bodies that are members of

20、ISO or IEC participate in the development of International Standards through technical committees established by the respective organization to deal with particular fields of technical activity. ISO and IEC technical committees collaborate in fields of mutual interest. Other international organizati

21、ons, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO and IEC, also take part in the work. In the field of information technology, ISO and IEC have established a joint technical committee, ISO/IEC JTC 1. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Dire

22、ctives, Part 2. The main task of the joint technical committee is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the joint technical committee are circulated to national bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of th

23、e national bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO and IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. International Standard ISO/IEC 23360-3 was prepared by the

24、Free Standards Group and was adopted, under the PAS procedure, by Joint Technical Committee ISO/IEC JTC 1, Information technology, Subcommittee SC 22, Programming languages, their environments and system software interfaces. ISO/IEC 23360 consists of the following parts, under the general title Linu

25、x Standard Base (LSB) core specification 3.1: Part 1: Generic specification Part 2: Specification for IA32 architecture Part 3: Specification for IA64 architecture Part 4: Specification for AMD64 architecture Part 5: Specification for PPC32 architecture Part 6: Specification for PPC64 architecture P

26、art 7: Specification for S390 architecture Part 8: Specification for S390X architecture ISO/IEC 23360-3:2006(E) viii ISO/IEC 2006 All rights reservedIntroduction The specification carries a version number of either the form x.y or x.y.z. This version number carries the following meaning: The first n

27、umber (x) is the major version number. All versions with the same major version number should share binary compatibility. Any addition or deletion of a new library results in a new version number. Interfaces marked as deprecated may be removed from the specification at a major version change. The se

28、cond number (y) is the minor version number. Individual interfaces may be added if all certified implementations already had that (previously undocumented) interface. Interfaces may be marked as deprecated at a minor version change. Other minor changes may be permitted at the discretion of the LSB w

29、orkgroup. The third number (z), if present, is the editorial level. Only editorial changes should be included in such versions. Since this specification is a descriptive Application Binary Interface, and not a source level API specification, it is not possible to make a guarantee of 100% backward co

30、mpatibility between major releases. However, it is the intent that those parts of the binary interface that are visible in the source level API will remain backward compatible from version to version, except where a feature marked as in one release may be removed from a future release. Implementors

31、are strongly encouraged to make use of symbol versioning to permit simultaneous support of applications conforming to different releases of this specification. This is version 3.1 of the Linux Standard Base Core Specification. This specification is part of a family of specifications under the genera

32、l title “Linux Standard Base (LSB) core specification 3.1“. Developers of applications orimplementations interested in using the LSB trademark should see the Free Standards Group Certification Policy for details. deprecatedThe LSB defines a binary interface for application programs that are compiled

33、 and packaged for LSB-conforming implementations on many different hardware architectures. Since a binary specification includes information specific to the computer processor architecture for which it is intended, it is not possible for a single document to specify the interface for all possible LS

34、B-conforming implementations. Therefore, the LSB is a family of specifications, rather than a single one. This document should be used in conjunction with the documents it references. This document enumerates the system components it includes, but descriptions of those components may be included ent

35、irely or partly in this document, partly in other documents, or entirely in other reference documents. For example, the section that describes system service routines includes a list of the system routines supported in this interface, formal declarations of the data structures they use that are visi

36、ble to applications, and a pointer to the underlying referenced specification for information about the syntax and semantics of each call. Only those routines not described in standards referenced by this document, or extensions to those standards, are described in detail. Information referenced in

37、this way is as much a part of this document as is the information explicitly included here. I Introductory Elements 1.1 General The Linux Standard Base (LSB) defines a system interface for compiled applications and a minimal environment for support of installation scripts. Its purpose is to enable a

38、 uniform industry standard environment for high-volume applications conforming to the LSB. These specifications are composed of two basic parts: A common specification (“LSB-generic“ or “generic LSB“), ISO/IEC 23360-1, describing those parts of the interface that remain constant across all implement

39、ations of the LSB, and an architecture-specific part (“LSB-arch“ or “archLSB“) describing the parts of the interface that vary by processor architecture. Together, the LSB-generic and the relevant architecture-specific part of ISO/IEC 23360 for a single hardware architecture provide a complete inter

40、face specification for compiled application programs on systems that share a common hardware architecture. ISO/IEC 23360-1, the LSB-generic document, should be used in conjunction with an architecture-specific part. Whenever a section of the LSB-generic specification is supplemented by architecture-

41、specific information, the LSB-generic document includes a reference to the architecture part. Architecture-specific parts of ISO/IEC 23360 may also contain additional information that is not referenced in the LSB-generic document. The LSB contains both a set of Application Program Interfaces (APIs)

42、and Application Binary Interfaces (ABIs). APIs may appear in the source code of portable applications, while the compiled binary of that application may use the larger set of ABIs. A conforming implementation provides all of the ABIs listed here. The compilation system may replace (e.g. by macro def

43、inition) certain APIs with calls to one or more of the underlying binary interfaces, and may insert calls to binary interfaces as needed. The LSB is primarily a binary interface definition. Not all of the source level APIs available to applications may be contained in this specification. 1.2 Module

44、Specific Scope This is the Itanium architecture specific Core part of the Linux Standard Base (LSB). This part supplements the generic LSB Core module with those interfaces that differ between architectures. Interfaces described in this part of ISO/IEC 23360 are mandatory except where explicitly lis

45、ted otherwise. Core interfaces may be supplemented by other modules; all modules are built upon the core. 2006 ISO/IEC All rights reserved 11 Scope Linux Standard Base (LSB) core specification 3.1 Part 3: ISO/IEC 23360-3:2006(E) INTERNATIONAL STANDARDSpecification for IA64 architecture ISO/IEC 23360

46、-3:2006(E) 2 References 2.1 Normative References The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.

47、Note: Where copies of a document are available on the World Wide Web, a Uniform Resource Locator (URL) is given for informative purposes only. This may point to a more recent copy of the referenced specification, or may be out of date. Reference copies of specifications at the revision level indicat

48、ed may be found at the Free Standards Groups Reference Specifications (http:/refspecs.freestandards.org) site. Table 2-1 Normative References Name Title URL ISO/IEC 23360-1 ISO/IEC 23360-1:2006, Linux Standard Base (LSB) core specification 3.1 Part 1: Generic Specification http:/www.linuxbase.org/sp

49、ec/ Filesystem Hierarchy Standard Filesystem Hierarchy Standard (FHS) 2.3 http:/ Intel Itanium Processor-specific Application Binary Interface Intel Itanium Processor-specific Application Binary Interface http:/refspecs.freestandards.org/elf/IA64-SysV-psABI.pdf ISO C (1999) ISO/IEC 9899: 1999, Programming Languages C ISO POSIX (2003) ISO/IEC 9945-1:2003, Infor