ANSI B175.1-2012 Outdoor Power Equipment C Internal Combustion Engine-Powered Hand-Held Chain Saws C Safety and Environmental Requirements (OPEI Includes Amendment 1 July 25 2014).pdf

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1、American National Standardfor Outdoor Power Equipment Internal Combustion Engine-PoweredHand-Held Chain Saws Safety and Environmental RequirementsANSI/OPEI B175.1-2012ANSI/OPEI B175.1-2012ANSI/OPEI B175.1-2012Includes Amendment 1ANSI/OPEI B175.1-2012/A1-2014American National Standardfor Outdoor Powe

2、r Equipment Internal Combustion Engine-PoweredHand-Held Chain Saws Safety and Environmental RequirementsSponsorOutdoor Power Equipment InstituteApproved May 23, 2012 Published November 14, 2012Amendment Published July 25, 2014American National Standards Institute, Inc.Approval of an American Nationa

3、l Standard requires review by ANSI that therequirements for due process, consensus, and other criteria for approval havebeen met by the standards developer.Consensus is established when, in the judgement of the ANSI Board ofStandards Review, substantial agreement has been reached by directly andmate

4、rially affected interests. Substantial agreement means much more thana simple majority, but not necessarily unanimity. Consensus requires that allviews and objections be considered, and that a concerted effort be madetowards their resolution.The use of American National Standards is completely volun

5、tary; theirexistence does not in any respect preclude anyone, whether he has approvedthe standards or not, from manufacturing, marketing, purchasing, or usingproducts, processes, or procedures not conforming to the standards.The American National Standards Institute does not develop standards andwil

6、l in no circumstances give an interpretation of any American NationalStandard. Moreover, no person shall have the right or authority to issue aninterpretation of an American National Standard in the name of the AmericanNational Standards Institute. Requests for interpretations should beaddressed to

7、the secretariat or sponsor whose name appears on the titlepage of this standard.CAUTION NOTICE: This American National Standard may be revised orwithdrawn at any time. The procedures of the American National StandardsInstitute require that action be taken periodically to reaffirm, revise, orwithdraw

8、 this standard. Purchasers of American National Standards mayreceive current information on all standards by calling or writing the AmericanNational Standards Institute.American National StandardPublished byAmerican National Standards Institute, Inc.25 West 43rd Street, New York, NY 10036Copyright 2

9、012 by Outdoor Power Equipment Institute (OPEI)All rights reserved.No part of this publication may be reproduced in anyform, stored in an electronic retrieval system or transmitted in any formor by any means (electronic, photocopying, recording, or otherwise),without prior written permission of the

10、Outdoor Power Equipment Institute, Inc.Printed in the United States of AmericaiContentsPageForeword .iv1 Scope and Purpose . 12 Normative References . 13 Definitions 34 Responsibility. 85 General specifications 86 Chain saw sound level test procedures . 197 Vibration level test procedure 208 Kickbac

11、k test procedure - Chain saws. 209 Kickback test procedure - Replacement saw chains . 37Tables1 Bar nose radius of reduced kickback guide bars . 72 Test sequence . 273 Optional test sequence 274 Test data of the kickback tests. 355 Documentation of the saw chain dimensions. 356 Computer input data 3

12、9E1.1 Example for calibration of a single-wire facility 60E1.2 Measured data. 60L.1 Selection of the correct guide bar 70L.2 Linear carriage mass . 74M.1 Replacement saw chain test samples 76Figures1 Chain saw diagram with nomenclature 32 Typical bar nose radius of guide bar 53 Effective cutting len

13、gth of guide bar. 64 Test probe for fuel line accessibility testing, chamfered side used for probing. 115 Bow guide bar 126 Illustration of the computed kickback angle . 157 Chain saw handle and bar tip coordinates. 228 Installation of saw and cradle assembly in kickback machine . 249 Location of ho

14、rizontal restraining assembly. 2510 Adjustment of cable of rotary restraining system. 26iiPage11 Chain brake actuation diagram 3112 MDF exit angle measurement 3313 Documentation of the saw chain dimensions 36B.1 MDF - Specimen 43B.2 Hardness testing setup 45E1.a Three wire device for measuring inert

15、ia of the chain saw 52E1.b Single wire device for measuring inertia of the chain saw . 53E1.c Calibration of the inertia platform. 54E1.d Calibration of single wire device for measuring inertia of the chain saw. 55E2.a Balancing procedure - Addition of brackets . 60E2.b Balancing procedure - Additio

16、n of connection rod . 61E2.c Balancing procedure - Addition of counter mass . 62J.1 Kickback test record 66J.2 Chain saw installation and balancing test record. 67L.1 Removing and replacing bar mount pad 69L.2 Install the bar and tension of the saw chain. 71L.3 Saw chain tension adjustment . 71L.4 B

17、alancing of the GKU in the vertical orientation 72L.5 Balancing of the GKU in the horizontal orientation 73AnnexesA Rationale 41B1 MDF Coupon for Kickback testing . 43B2 Procedure for hardness testing medium density fiberboard (MDF) . 44C Safety precautions for chain saw users . 46D Procedures for t

18、he evaluation of integrity and environmental and fuel compatibility of fuel tanks and fuel feed lines. 48E1 Procedures to determine the inertia and center of gravity of a chain saw and transfer of the test results to the kickback test machine installations 51E2 Kickback machine - Chain saw balancing

19、 procedure 59F Kickback machine - Horizontal system 63G Kickback machine - Rotary system (with saw in place) . 64H Velocity adjustment 65J Kickback machine test record 66K Index to chain saw marking requirements . 68iiiPageL Preparation of the Generic Kickback Unit (GKU) . 69M Replacement saw chain

20、test samples 76N1 Computer program flow chart of calculation. 77N2 Computer Program Checkout Models 88O Qualification of laboratory test method for kickback testing . 92 ivForeword (This foreword is not part of American National Standard ANSI/OPEI B175.1-2012.)This standard sets forth the minimum sa

21、fety requirements for internal combustion en-gine-powered hand-held chain saws. These requirements have resulted from yearsof standards development efforts by the OPEI B175 Standards Committee. The orig-inal standard was approved in 1979 and revised in 1983, 1985, 1991, and 2000. This standard conta

22、ins 17 annexes, 12 of which are informative. Annexes B.2, C, D,M, and N.1 are normative and are considered part of this standard.Suggestions for improvements of this standard are welcome. They should be sent tothe B175.1 Standards Committee, c/o OPEI, 341 South Patrick Street Alexandria, VA22314. Th

23、e following organizations recognized as having an interest in the standardization ofsafety requirements for internal combustion engine-powered hand-held chain sawswere contacted prior to the approval of this revised standard. Inclusion in the list doesnot necessarily imply that the organization conc

24、urred with the submittal of the pro-posed standard to ANSI.Dr. Holger Lochmann, ChairmanGeneral Interest:Tree Care Industry Association (Peter Gerstenberger)Underwriters Laboratories (Nicolette Allen)US CPSC (John Murphy)USDA (Trevor Maynard)Users/Consumers:Aero-Flex Technologies, Inc. (Vince Morabi

25、t)CSA (Dave Shanahan)North American Equipment Dealers Association (Michael Williams)Ken AndersenArv HilleProducers:Dolmar GmbH (Maria Tittel)ECHO, Inc. (Rob Stegall)Husqvarna Professional Products, Inc. (Ronnie Goldman)MTD Products Inc. (Dennis Lamberty)STIHL, Inc. (John Foster)AMERICAN NATIONAL STA

26、NDARD ANSI/OPEI B175.1-2012American National Standard for Outdoor Power Equipment Internal Combustion Engine-Powered Hand-Held Chain Saws Safety and Environmental Requirements 1 1 Scope and purpose 1.1 Scope The requirements of this standard apply to internal combustion engine-powered hand-held chai

27、n saws and replacement saw chains for use primarily in cutting wood. This standard shall be applied to new products within 2 years of the publication date and manufacturers may apply this standard to existing products. NOTE Metric units are included for information only. 1.2 Purpose The purpose of t

28、his standard is to establish safety and environmental requirements for internal combustion engine-powered hand-held chain saws and replacement saw chains. 2 Normative References The following standards contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this American N

29、ational Standard. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All standards are subject to revision, and parties to agreements based on this American National Standard are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the standards indicated bel

30、ow. ANSI S1.4-1983 (R2006), Specification for sound level meters ISO 1431-1: 2004, Rubber, vulcanized or thermoplastic Resistance to ozone cracking Part 1: Static and dynamic strain testing ISO 6533: 2001, Forestry machinery Portable chain saw front hand guard Dimensions and clearances ISO 6534: 200

31、7, Forestry machinery Portable chain saw hand guards Mechanical strength ISO 6535: 2008, Portable chain saws Chain brake performance ISO 7914: 2002, Portable chain saws Minimum handle clearance and sizes ANSI/OPEI B175.1-2012 2 ISO 7915: 1991, Portable chain saws Determination of handle strength ISO

32、 8334: 2007, Forestry machinery Portable chain saws Determination of balance and maximum holding moment ISO 10726:1992, Portable chain saws Chain catcher Dimensions and mechanical strength ISO 13772: 2009, Forestry machinery Portable chain saws Non-manually actuated chain brake performance ISO 22868

33、: 2005, Forestry machinery Noise test code for Portable hand-held machines with an internal combustion engine Engineering method (grade 2 accuracy) ISO 22867: 2004, Forestry machinery Vibration test code for Portable hand-held machines with internal combustion engine Vibration at the handles SAE J33

34、5: JUN95, Recommended Practice Multi-position small engine exhaust system fire ignition suppression UL 969: 1995, Marking and labeling systems ANSI/OPEI B175.1-2012 3 Figure 1 - Chain saw diagram with nomenclature 3 Definitions 3.1 bar tip guard: A shield that prevents contact with the chain at the

35、tip of the guide bar to prevent rotational kickback. 3.2 bow guide: A narrow rail structure with a large open center that supports and guides the saw chain. 3.3 bucking: The process of cross-cutting a felled tree, or log, into lengths. Key 1 rear hand guard 2 rear handle 3 throttle control trigger 4

36、 throttle control lockout 5 front handle 6 front hand guard 7 spiked bumper 8 guide-bar cover 9 guide bar 10 saw chain 11 chain catcher 12 chain saw power head 13 drive sprocket cover 14 on/off or stop control 12 13 14 ANSI/OPEI B175.1-2012 4 3.4 chain brake: A device intended to stop the movement o

37、f the saw chain, activated manually, non-manually or both. 3.4.1 manually activated chain brake: A chain brake which is intended to be actuated by the hand of the operator. 3.4.2 non-manually activated chain brake: A chain brake intended to be actuated by kickback energy without manual activation. 3

38、.5 chain catcher: A device for restraining the saw chain if it breaks or derails. 3.6 chain saw: power driven tool designed to cut wood with a saw chain and consisting of an integrated compact unit of handles, power source and cutting attachment (guide bar and saw chain), designed to be supported wi

39、th two hands. 3.6.1 power head: A chain saw without guide bar and saw chain. 3.7 choke control: A control that is used to enrich the carburetor fuel/air mixture. 3.8 clutch: A mechanism for connecting and disconnecting a driven member to and from a rotating source of power. 3.9 computed kickback ang

40、le (CKA): The angle calculated by a mathematical simulation that describes the peak bar nose position when a handheld chain saw is subjected under simulated conditions to a rotational kickback impulse. (See Figure 6). 3.9.1 computed kickback bar stopping angle with actuated chain brake (CKA wb): A c

41、omputer-derived value that computes the resultant CKA with chain brake engaged. 3.9.2 computed kickback bar stopping angle without actuated chain brake (CKA wob): A computer-derived value that computes the resultant CKA without chain brake engaged. 3.9.3 computed kickback chain stopping angle (CKA c

42、s): A computer-derived value that computes the resultant CKA with chain brake engaged at the point when the motion of the saw chain has stopped. 3.10 drive sprocket: The part that drives the saw chain. 3.11 drive sprocket cover: A structural component that covers the drive sprocket and secures the g

43、uide bar. 3.12 dry weight: Chain saw without guide bar and chain, empty tanks. 3.13 engine displacement: An engines displacement is the swept volume of the engines cylinders. The swept volume is the product of the internal cross-sectional area of the cylinder, the stroke length, and the number of cy

44、linders. 3.14 felling: The process of cutting down a tree. ANSI/OPEI B175.1-2012 5 3.15 felling back cut: The final cut in a tree-felling operation made on the opposite side of the tree from the notching undercut. 3.16 front handle: The support handle located at or toward the front of the chain saw

45、intended to be gripped by the left hand. 3.16.1 wrap-around front handle: A front handle with an extended gripping area over the drive sprocket cover. 3.17 generic kickback unit (GKU): An electrically driven device designed to simulate the kickback energy response of chain saws. 3.18 guide bar: Part

46、 that supports and guides the saw chain. 3.18.1 guide bar nose radius: A continuous radius formed on the top portion of the bar from the centerline of the bar to an angle 35oabove the centerline. (See Figure 2.) Figure 2 - Typical bar nose radius of guide bar 3.19 guide bar effective length (without

47、 bar tip guard): The approximate length of cut a chain saw will make when the guide bar adjustment is at the halfway point. Measurement shall be made from the chain saw body (A) (where no spiked bumper is provided or the spiked bumper is removable) or (B) the root of the spikes (where the spiked bum

48、per is a permanent part of the saw) to the tip end of the guide bar (not including the bar nose sprocket, if present) and add inch (for the height of a cutting tooth). The length shall be expressed in terms of the nearest whole unit of measure (in/cm). ANSI/OPEI B175.1-2012 6 Figure 3 - Effective cu

49、tting length of guide bar 3.20 hand guard 3.20.1 front hand guard: A structural barrier between the front handle of a chain saw and the guide bar, typically located close to the hand position on the front handle and which also may be used as an activating lever for a chain brake. 3.20.2 rear hand guard: A structural barrier at the bottom right side of the rear handle to protect the operator in case of rupture or derailing of the saw chain. 3.21 kickback 3.21.1 pinch kickback: The rapid pushback of the saw chain that can occur when the woo