ANSI ASTM F2936-2012 Standard Specification for Chocks Ship Mooring Cast Steel《船锚用铸钢轮挡规范》.pdf

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1、Designation: F2936 12 An American National StandardStandard Specification forChocks, Ship Mooring, Cast Steel1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2936; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of la

2、st revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers the principal dimensions andmaterials of closed chocks for installation on ships used formoori

3、ng.1.2 Chocks can be used with either wire rope or fiber andsynthetic ropes.1.3 Chocks are for mounting directly on a deck, seat(foundation), or for mounting in a bulwark.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard. No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.2. Re

4、ferenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2A27/A27M Specification for Steel Castings, Carbon, forGeneral Application2.2 ANSI Standard:B 46.1 Surface Texture33. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 bulwarka structural enclosure along the edge of theship to serve as a rail.3.

5、1.2 closed chocka metal flared ring-like fitting mountedon a ship, through which mooring lines pass to moor a ship.3.1.3 mooring ring or pipea chock mounted in the bul-wark and conforming to Type II and IV.3.1.4 rope contact areathat part of the fitting in contactwith the mooring line in normal moor

6、ing operations.4. Classification4.1 The size of the chocks will be identified by the nominalsize “L” and “H” of the opening as shown in Table 1 and Table2.4.2 Chocks are furnished in types as follows:4.2.1 Type IDeck mounted as shown in Fig. 1 andconforming to all dimensions in Table 1.4.2.2 Type II

7、Bulwark mounted as shown in Fig. 2 andconforming to all dimensions in Table 2.4.2.3 Type IIIDeck mounted, conforming only to dimen-sions “L” and “H” of Table 1 and is of adequate strength to atleast meet 7.2 requirement and the requirements of Sections 6to 10.4.2.4 Type IVBulwark mounted, conforming

8、 only to di-mensions “L” and “H” of Table 2 and is of adequate strengthto at least meet 7.2 requirement and the requirements ofSections 6 to 10.4.3 Chocks shall be furnished in either of the followinggrades:4.3.1 Grade 1Surface finish shall be in the as castcondition.4.3.2 Grade 2Surface finish in w

9、ay of rope contact shallbe in accordance with 8.2.5. Ordering Information5.1 Orders for chocks under this specification shall includethis standard, date, and the following:5.1.1 Descriptive information (size, material, etc.) of moor-ing lines,5.1.2 Quantity (number) of chocks required,5.1.3 Size (op

10、ening, LH),5.1.4 Type and grade,5.1.5 Primer and coating, if any (see 8.3), and5.1.6 Marking.6. Materials and Manufacture6.1 Material shall be cast steel in accordance with Specifi-cation A27/A27M, Grade 60-30.6.2 For Types III and IV the manufacturer shall certify thatstrength of the chock will at

11、least meet 7.2 requirement, andthat it is suitable for the mooring lines specified in the orderinginformation.1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F25 on Shipsand Marine Technology and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F25.01 onStructures.Current edition approve

12、d Jan. 1, 2012. Published February 2012. DOI: 10.1520/F2936-12.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM websit

13、e.3Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http:/www.ansi.org.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States16.3 Casting shall be smooth, fine grain, and free of crac

14、ks,hot tears, and blow holes, detrimental to end use. Defectshaving an area larger than 25 by 25 mm2and a depth of morethan 10 % of the thickness in way thereof will be cause forrejection. Smaller defects in way of rope contact shall bewelded and finished smooth. Where applicable, welding shallbe in

15、 accordance with code requirements, such as ABS, AWS,and so on, and may require post weld heat treatment (PWHT).6.4 All excess material, vents, and gates shall be removedand finished smooth to match the surrounding surface.6.5 Limber or drain holes shall be 25 mm in diameter andprovided in webs and

16、brackets to prevent water entrapment.6.6 Type I shall be in accordance with Fig. 1 and Table 1.6.7 Type II shall be in accordance with Fig. 2 and Table 2.7. Strength Requirements7.1 The closed chocks are to be designed to withstand thehorizontal and vertical load cases. Horizontal and verticalloadin

17、gs were considered individually; both loadings were notconsidered simultaneously.7.1.1 Case 1Horizontal loading (see Fig. 3).7.1.2 Case 2Vertical loading (see Figs. 4-6).7.2 The combined stress is limited to 85 % of the yieldstress of the material.8. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance8.1 Casting sh

18、all be sand, grit, or shot blasted to a graymetal finish to remove all loose scale. All mold flashing shallbe removed and radii shall be fair so as to present an evensurface.8.2 The surface of Grade 2 chocks shall have a line contactsurface of average surface roughness of 3 m or less, inaccordance w

19、ithANSI standard B 46.1 so as to reduce abrasivedamage to fiber and synthetic ropes.8.3 The manufacturer shall provide surface preparation andcoating as specified by the ordering information. In the absenceof such requirements surface preparation shall remain asrequired by 8.1.TABLE 1 Dimension Requ

20、irements (see Fig. 1)(Units: mm)Nominal sizeLHDl1l2l3l4H1H2H3RR1R2R3250200214 488 453 76 265 427 368 108 100 219 160 108300250286 614 565 89 330 551 481 144 125 282 212 144350250333 716 660 114 403 601 525 168 125 308 232 168400250381 820 754 139 475 652 553 192 125 335 236 192450250381 870 804 164

21、524 652 553 192 125 335 236 192500250381 920 854 189 574 652 553 192 125 335 236 192400250428 870 796 139 500 701 609 216 125 360 268 216450250428 920 846 164 550 701 609 216 125 360 268 216500250428 970 896 189 600 701 609 216 125 360 268 216500400428 970 896 176 600 851 759 216 200 435 343 2165002

22、50525A1068 1000 190 652 798 675 264 125 409 286 264500400525A1068 1000 193 652 948 825 264 200 484 361 264500250525B1074 1000 176 652 801 680 264 125 412 291 264500400525B1 074 1 000 179 652 951 830 264 200 487 366 264Nominal sizeLHDR4R5R6d1TWelding leglengthSWLRopediameter(Recommend)Calculatedweigh

23、t (kg)Cz1kN ton250200214 86 150 128 108 22 6 226 23 18 73300250286 118 180 154 144 26 6.5 422 40 24 142350250333 138 200 170 168 30 7.5 549 56 28 222400250381 156 250 214 192 36 9 687 70 32 310450250381 156 250 214 192 36 9 706 72 32 322500250381 156 250 214 192 36 9 765 78 32 337400250428 178 250 2

24、12 216 38 9.5 883 90 36 434450250428 178 250 212 216 38 9.5 912 93 36 452500250428 178 250 212 216 38 9.5 932 95 36 472500400428 178 250 212 216 38 9.5 893 91 36 528500250525A224 320 280 264 40 10 1148 117 44 657500400525A224 320 280 264 40 10 1158 118 44 724500250525B218 320 274 264 46 11.5 1413 14

25、4 44 753500400525B218 320 274 264 46 11.5 1383 141 44 825ASWLs shown in the Table are for reference only. “SWL” may be adjusted depending on the actual loading conditions, and the actual marking is to be per the agreementbetween the user and the manufacturer.BRope diameter (Recommend) is only for re

26、ference based on bending ratio of rope through the chock is 12 times.CCalculated weight is for reference only.F2936 122TABLE 2 Dimensions Requirement (see Fig. 2)(Units: mm)Nominal sizeLHDl1l2H1H2RR1R2R3R4R5250200214 516 441 466 306 100 233 153 108 96 150300250286 638 554 588 410 125 294 205 144 128

27、 180350250333 736 646 636 449 125 318 224.5 168 150 200400250381 834 736 684 450 125 342 225 192 172 250450250381 884 786 684 450 125 342 225 192 172 250500250381 934 836 684 450 125 342 225 192 172 250400250428 882 778 732 515 125 366 257.5 216 194 250450250428 932 828 732 515 125 366 257.5 216 194

28、 250500250428 982 878 732 515 125 366 257.5 216 194 250500400428 982 878 882 665 200 441 332.5 216 194 250500250525 1078 976 828 551 125 414 275.5 264 240 320500400525 1078 978 978 701 200 489 350.6 264 240 320500250525 1078 976 828 554 125 414 277 264 238 320500400525 1078 978 978 704 200 489 352 2

29、64 238 320Nominal sizeLHDR6d1d2T Welding leg length SWLRope diameter (Recommend)Calculatedweight(kg)Az1z2kN ton250200214 138 108 80 12 44 6 5 226 23 18 49300250286 164 144 100 16 44 8 6.5 422 40 24 100350250333 182 168 120 18 55 9 7 549 56 28 141400250381 230 192 120 20 47 10 8 687 70 32 18445025038

30、1 230 192 120 20 47 10 8 706 72 32 194500250381 230 192 120 20 47 10 8 765 78 32 202400250428 228 216 120 22 56 11 9 883 90 36 264450250428 228 216 120 22 56 11 9 912 93 36 276500250428 228 216 120 22 56 11 9 932 95 36 288500400428 228 216 120 22 56 11 9 893 91 36 311500250525B296 264 120 24 53 12 9

31、.5 1148 117 44 379500400525C296 264 120 24 53 12 9.5 1158 118 44 408ACalculated weight is for reference only.BSWLs shown in the Table are for reference only. “SWL” may be adjusted depending on the actual loading conditions, and the actual marking is to be per the agreementbetween the user and the ma

32、nufacturer.CRope diameter (Recommend) is only for reference based on bending ratio of rope through the chock is 12 times.NOTE 1All fillet radii to be equal to “t1”.NOTE 2All final products must have a thickness no less than “T”.FIG. 1 Configuration of Deck Mounted ChocksF2936 123NOTE 1All fillet rad

33、ii to be equal to “t1”.NOTE 2All final products must have a thickness no less than “T”.FIG. 2 Configuration of Bulwark Mounted ChocksNOTE 1The loads were considered for a mooring or towing linedeflected 180 ( = 0) through the closed chock.NOTE 2P means mooring force or towing force.FIG. 3 Horizontal

34、 LoadingNOTE 1The loads were considered for a mooring or towing linedeflected as above figures through the closed chock.Vertical down side: Outboard down 90, Inboard down 30Vertical up side: Outboard up 30, Inboard up 15NOTE 2P means mooring force or towing force.FIG. 4 Vertical loading for Type ADe

35、ck-mounted closed chocksF2936 1249. Inspection9.1 The manufacturer shall visually inspect the chock fordimensions, workmanship, finish, and appearance after thepreparation required in 8.1 to ascertain that it meets the intentof this specification.10. Product Marketing10.1 Each chock shall be marked

36、with purchase order, itemnumber, and stamped on the top exposed web using letters atleast 12 mm high designating the ASTM standard number,type, and grade. Other markings may be in paint or awaterproof tag.11. Packaging and Package Marking11.1 If shipment is required, chocks shall be crated orattache

37、d to a pallet in a manner acceptable for shipment by acommon carrier.NOTE 1The loads were considered for a mooring or towing linedeflected as above figures through the closed chock.Vertical down side: Outboard down 90, Inboard down 30Vertical up side: Outboard up 30, Inboard up 15NOTE 2P means moori

38、ng force or towing force.FIG. 5 Vertical loading for Type BBulwark-mounted closedchocks without bulwark inclinationNOTE 1The loads were considered for a mooring or towing linedeflected as above figures through the closed chock.Vertical down side: Outboard down 90, Inboard down is not to overthe figu

39、res in Table 2.(: Refer to the examples below for instance, at the design bulwarkangle of = 60)Nominal size (LHD) (Maximum availableangle)250 200 214 14300 250 286 14350 250 333 25400 250 381 17450 250 381 17500 250 381 17400 250 428 26450 250 428 26500 250 428 26500 400 428 26500 250 525 23500 400

40、525 23500 250 525 23500 400 525 23Vertical up side: Outboard up 30, Inboard up 15NOTE 2P means mooring force or towing force.FIG. 6 Vertical Loading for Type B Bulwark-mounted ClosedChocks with Bulwark InclinationF2936 125ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rig

41、hts asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any

42、 time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments wi

43、ll receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by AS

44、TM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the Copyright Clearance Center, 222Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, Tel: (978) 646-2600; http:/ 126