ANSI ASTM F1322-2015 Standard Guide for Selection of Shipboard Incinerators.pdf
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1、Designation: F1322 15 An American National StandardStandard Guide forSelection of Shipboard Incinerators1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F1322; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last re
2、vision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This guide covers selection criteria to assist procurers inselecting the appropriate incinerator for their needs.1.2 This gui
3、de is a companion document to SpecificationF1323.1.3 This guide does not apply to incinerator systems onspecial incinerator ships, for example, for burning industrialwastes such as chemicals, manufacturing residues, and soforth.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard. The val
4、ues given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to inch-pound units that are provided for informa-tion only and are not considered standard.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2F1323 Specification for Shipboard Incinerators2.2 Other Document:3MARPOL 73 783. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.
5、1 batch feeding, nnon-continuous feeding incineratorwhere the combustion chamber shall be cooled down betweenplacing solid waste into the combustion chamber.3.1.2 continuous feeding, npump transfer of sludge oilinto the incinerator combustion chamber on a continuous basis;also, the feeding of solid
6、waste into the combustion chamberby a screw conveyor or sluice system.3.1.3 sludge oil, nresidual from fuel and lubricating oilseparators, oily waste from machinery and hydraulic powerunits, drip trays, and oil-water separators.3.1.4 sluice system, ntrap door system, whereby it ispossible in a safe
7、manner to feed solid waste into thecombustion chamber while the incinerator is operating at hightemperature.3.1.5 solid waste, ncombustible trash, garbage, and rub-bish (see also 7.4).3.1.6 waste, nunneeded or useless matter which is to bediscarded.4. Selecting the Incinerator Size and Installed Loc
8、ation4.1 A number of factors will govern the selection of the sizeand type of shipboard incinerator and full consideration mustbe given to each. The installed operating location of the unit isof equal importance to ensure low-cost operating, ease ofcharging, ease of cleaning, and so forth. Considera
9、tion shouldbe given to the following:4.1.1 Maximum amount of each type of waste that will beincinerated each day (see Section 5).4.1.2 The normal number of hours per day that the incin-erator will be in operation.4.1.3 Loading procedure (batch/continuous) over operatinghours.4.1.4 Can wet and dry ma
10、terial be loaded into the incinera-tor so that a large volume of auxiliary fuel is not required?4.1.5 Can the incinerator be installed on the ship in alocation near the major source of refuse so as to minimize themanpower requirements during loading operations?4.1.6 Ash removal, if the incinerator i
11、s installed in themachinery space or on a lower deck.4.1.7 Will ash removal be manual (shoveling) or semiauto-matic (plow)?5. Estimating Daily Quantities of Waste to BeIncinerated5.1 Size of Ships Crew:5.1.1 Galley and crew quarters waste estimate: 1.5 kg (3.3lb) per crew member per day.5.2 Number o
12、f Passengers Carried:5.2.1 Galley and passenger quarters waste estimate: 2.5 kg(5.5 lb) per passenger per day.5.3 StoresEstimated amount of packaging for food andother items that, during the underway period, will become1This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F25 on Ships andMarine Te
13、chnology and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F25.06 onMarine Environmental Protection.Current edition approved May 1, 2015. Published July 2015. Originally approvedin 1990. Last previous edition approved in 2009 as F1322 90 (2009). DOI:10.1520/F1322-15.2For referenced ASTM standards, vi
14、sit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from International Maritime Organization (IMO), 4, AlbertEmbankment, London, UK, SEI
15、 7SR, http:/www.imo.org.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1waste in the form of rubbish or trash; 0.5 kg (1.1 lb) per crewmember or passenger per day.5.4 Sludge oil generation (see 8.3).6. Other Factors for Selection6.1 T
16、ype of Unit (for example: solid waste only, solid wasteand sludge oil).6.2 Capacity of unit in kW or BTU/hr (based on wastegeneration estimate, heat content of waste, and operatinghours).6.3 Sludge oil capacity.6.4 Loading considerations (batch loading or continuousfeed).6.5 Installation considerati
17、ons (indoor/outdoor).6.6 Environmental considerations (incinerators are normallyrequired to meet the emission limits specified in IMO MAR-POL 73/78, Annex VI).6.7 Heat recover options (amount of steam or hot water).6.8 Ash removal.6.9 Induced draft fan requirements.6.10 Modular/package construction.
18、6.11 Dimensions/weight.7. Classification of Shipboard Wastes and Incinerators7.1 The basis for satisfactory incinerator operation is theproper analysis of the waste to be destroyed and the selectionof proper equipment to best destroy that particular waste.7.2 As a guide, mixtures of waste most commo
19、nly encoun-tered have been classified into types of waste, together with theBritish Thermal Unit (Btu) values and moisture contents of themixtures.4A concentration of one specific waste in the mixturemay change the Btu value or the moisture content, or both, ofthe mixture. A concentration of more th
20、an 10 % by weight ofcatalogs, magazines, or packaged paper will change the densityof the mixture and affect burning rates.7.3 Similarly, incinerators have been classified by theircapacities and by the types of wastes they are capable ofincinerating.7.4 Classification of Shipboard WastesThe following
21、 clas-sification of shipboard wastes differs from the definition ofgarbage as found in Annex V of MARPOL 73/78, whichincludes all of the types listed on this page.7.4.1 Type 0Trash, a mixture of highly combustible waste,such as paper, cardboard, cartons, wood boxes, and combus-tible floor sweepings
22、from commercial and industrial activities.The mixtures contain up to 10 % by weight of plastic bags,coated paper, laminated paper, treated corrugated cardboard,oil rags, and plastic or rubber scraps.7.4.1.1 This type of waste contains 10 % moisture, 5 %incombustible solids, and has a heating value o
23、f 19 730 kJ/kg(8500 Btu/lb) as fired.7.4.2 Type 1Rubbish, a mixture of combustible waste,such as paper, cardboard cartons, wood scrap, foliage, andcombustible floor sweepings, from domestic, commercial, andindustrial activities. The mixture contains up to 20 % by weightof galley or cafeteria waste,
24、but contains little or no treatedpapers, plastic, or rubber wastes.7.4.2.1 This type of waste contains 25 % moisture, 10 %incombustible solids, and has a heating value of 15 100 kJ/kg(6500 Btu/lb) as fired.7.4.3 Type 2Refuse, consisting of an approximately evenmixture of rubbish and garbage by weigh
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