ANSI ASTM E2210-2012 Standard Specification for Guideline Elements Model version 3 (GEM III) Document Model for Clinical Practice Guidelines《临床实施规程指南用指南要素模型版本2(GEM II)规格》.pdf
《ANSI ASTM E2210-2012 Standard Specification for Guideline Elements Model version 3 (GEM III) Document Model for Clinical Practice Guidelines《临床实施规程指南用指南要素模型版本2(GEM II)规格》.pdf》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《ANSI ASTM E2210-2012 Standard Specification for Guideline Elements Model version 3 (GEM III) Document Model for Clinical Practice Guidelines《临床实施规程指南用指南要素模型版本2(GEM II)规格》.pdf(29页珍藏版)》请在麦多课文档分享上搜索。
1、Designation: E2210 12Standard Specification forGuideline Elements Model version 3 (GEM III)DocumentModel for Clinical Practice Guidelines1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2210; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case
2、 of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification updates a standard representation forstoring and organizing the heterogen
3、eous information con-tained in clinical practice guidelines. This specification isintended to facilitate translation of natural-language guidelinedocuments into a format that can be processed by computers. Itcan be used to represent document content throughout theentire guideline life cycle. Informa
4、tion at both high and lowlevels of abstraction can be accommodated. This specificationis based on the guideline elements model (GEM) created at theYale Center for Medical Informatics and designed to serve asa comprehensive XML-based guideline document representa-tion.1.2 This specification refers to
5、 and makes use of recommen-dations from the World Wide Web consortium, the W3C.21.3 Standard Guideline SchemaThis specification definesa standard Schema for clinical practice guidelines. The Schemais included in Annex A1.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any
6、, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory requirements prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized
7、principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 W3C World Wide Web Consortium:XML 1.0 Recom
8、mendation3XML Schema 1.043. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 document type definition (DTD)the formal definitionof the elements, structures, and rules for enabling platform-independent data access via XML, or for marking up a giventype of SGML document.3.1.2 extensible markup language (XML)standard
9、fromthe World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) that provides fortagging of information content within documents, offering ameans of representation of content in a format that is bothhuman and machine readable. Through the use of customizablestyle sheets and schemas, information can be represented in aunifo
10、rm way, allowing for interchange of both content (data)and format (metadata).3.1.3 health level 7 (HL7)a standards organization tradi-tionally focused on standards for healthcare information inter-change. HL7 messages are the dominant standard for peer-to-peer exchange of clinical text-based informa
11、tion. Morerecently, HL7 has developed a comprehensive object model ofthe healthcare enterprise and the first level of an XML clinicaldocument architecture.3.1.4 HL7 clinical document architecture (CDA)a docu-ment markup standard for the structure and semantics ofexchanged clinical documents. A clini
12、cal document is a docu-mentation of observations and other services with the follow-ing characteristics: persistence, stewardship, potential forauthentication, wholeness, and human readability. A CDAdocument is a defined and complete information object that canexist outside of a message and can incl
13、ude text, sounds, andother multimedia content.1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E31 onHealthcare Informatics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E31.35 onHealthcare Data Analysis.Current edition approved March 1, 2012. Published March 2012. Originallyapprov
14、ed in 2002. Last previous edition approved in 2006 as E2210 06. DOI:10.1520/E2210-12.2http:/www.w3.org3http:/www.w3.org/XML/4http:/www.w3.org/XML/SchemaCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United StatesThis international standard was dev
15、eloped in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.13.1.5 hypertext m
16、arkup language (HTML)the languageused in creating a web page. Its origin is an implementation ofSGML DTD. It provides tags regarding the way a documentshould be displayed in the text of an HTML document, whichact as commands that a browser interprets when downloadingan HTML file.3.1.6 namespacesprov
17、ide a simple method for qualifyingelement and attribute names used in XML documents. This isaccomplished by associating a particular tag set by associatinga prefix with a URI reference. XML namespaces provides amechanism for authoring compound documents (documentsconsisting of elements and attribute
18、s from multiple DTDs orschemas) in such a way that will provide global identificationwithout collisions of names that are the same but are useddifferently.3.1.7 parsera specialized software program that recog-nizes markup in a document and differentiates the content fromthe markup. A parser that rea
19、ds a DTD and checks and reportson markup errors is a validating XML parser. A parser can bebuilt into an XML editor to prevent incorrect tagging and tocheck whether a document contains all the required elements.3.1.8 XML Schemaprovides a means for defining thedetailed structure, content and semantic
20、s of XML documents.XML Schema was approved as a W3C Recommendationapproved on 2 May 2001 and with a second edition incorpo-rating many errata was published on 28 October 2004 thatprovides a means for defining the detailed structure, contentand semantics of XML documents. XML Schema defines theelemen
21、ts that can appear within the document and the attributesthat can be associated with an element. It also defines thestructure of the document: which elements are child elementsof others, the sequence in which the child elements can appear,and the number of child elements. It defines whether anelemen
22、t is empty or can include text. The schema can alsodefine default values for attributes.3.1.9 stylesheetthe XSL transformations (XSLT) de-scribes a vocabulary recognized by an XSLT processor totransform information from an organization in the source fileinto a different organization suitable for con
23、tinued downstreamprocessing. The extensible stylesheet language (XSL) de-scribes a vocabulary recognized by a rendering agent to reifyabstract expressions of format into a particular medium ofpresentation.3.1.10 valid XML documenta document that is well-formed, with internal or DOCTYPE reference to
24、elementdefinition of tags within the document.3.1.11 well-formed XML documentan XMLdocument thatconforms to the syntax as specified by the W3C XML 1.0recommendation.3.1.12 World Wide Web Consortium (W3C)develops in-teroperable technologies (specifications, guidelines, software,and tools) to lead the
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