ANSI ASME HST-4-2016 Performance Standard for Overhead Electric Wire Rope Hoists《桥式起重机性能标准》.pdf

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1、AN AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD ASME HST-42016Revision of ASME HST-41999 (R2010)Performance Standard for Overhead Electric Wire Rope HoistsASME HST-42016Revision of ASME HST-41999 (R2010)Performance Standardfor Overhead ElectricWire Rope HoistsAN AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDTwo Park Avenue New York, NY

2、10016 USADate of Issuance: February 19, 2016This Standard will be revised when the Society approves the issuance of a new edition.ASME issues written replies to inquiries concerning interpretations of technical aspects of thisStandard. Interpretations are published on the Committee Web page and unde

3、r go.asme.org/InterpsDatabase. Periodically certain actions of the ASME HST Committee may be published asCases. Cases are published on the ASME Web site under the HST Committee Page at go.asme.org/HSTcommittee as they are issued.Errata to codes and standards may be posted on the ASME Web site under

4、the Committee Pages toprovide corrections to incorrectly published items, or to correct typographical or grammatical errorsin codes and standards. Such errata shall be used on the date posted.The HST Committee Page can be found at go.asme.org/HSTcommittee. There is an option availableto automaticall

5、y receive an e-mail notification when errata are posted to a particular code or standard.This option can be found on the appropriate Committee Page after selecting “Errata” in the “PublicationInformation” section.ASME is the registered trademark of The American Society of Mechanical Engineers.This c

6、ode or standard was developed under procedures accredited as meeting the criteria for American NationalStandards. The Standards Committee that approved the code or standard was balanced to assure that individuals fromcompetent and concerned interests have had an opportunity to participate. The propo

7、sed code or standard was madeavailable for public review and comment that provides an opportunity for additional public input from industry, academia,regulatory agencies, and the public-at-large.ASME does not “approve,” “rate,” or “endorse” any item, construction, proprietary device, or activity.ASM

8、E does not take any position with respect to the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with anyitems mentioned in this document, and does not undertake to insure anyone utilizing a standard against liability forinfringement of any applicable letters patent, nor assumes any such liabil

9、ity. Users of a code or standard are expresslyadvised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the risk of infringement of such rights, isentirely their own responsibility.Participation by federal agency representative(s) or person(s) affiliated with industry is not to be in

10、terpreted asgovernment or industry endorsement of this code or standard.ASME accepts responsibility for only those interpretations of this document issued in accordance with the establishedASME procedures and policies, which precludes the issuance of interpretations by individuals.No part of this do

11、cument may be reproduced in any form,in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise,without the prior written permission of the publisher.The American Society of Mechanical EngineersTwo Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5990Copyright 2016 byTHE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERSAll rights reserv

12、edPrinted in U.S.A.CONTENTSForeword ivCommittee Roster . vCorrespondence With the HST Committee viChapter 4-0 Scope, Definitions, References, and Appendices. 1Section 4-0.1 Scope . 1Section 4-0.2 Definitions 1Section 4-0.3 References . 5Section 4-0.4 Appendices 5Chapter 4-1 Performance 6Section 4-1.

13、1 General 6Section 4-1.2 Hoist Duty Service Classification . 6Section 4-1.3 Application Analysis . 8Section 4-1.4 Specification of Lift, Headroom, and Reach . 8Section 4-1.5 Speeds: Hoist and Trolley 8Section 4-1.6 Types of Trolleys . 8Chapter 4-2 Mechanical . 10Section 4-2.1 Rope Sheaves 10Section

14、4-2.2 Drum . 10Section 4-2.3 Reeving . 10Section 4-2.4 Bearings . 10Section 4-2.5 Overload Limiting Device 10Chapter 4-3 Electrical . 11Section 4-3.1 General 11Section 4-3.2 Motors 11Section 4-3.3 Controllers 11Section 4-3.4 Control Enclosures . 12Section 4-3.5 Resistors 12Section 4-3.6 Current Cond

15、uctor Systems 12Chapter 4-4 Inquiry Data Form . 13Section 4-4.1 Typical Electric Wire Rope Hoist and Trolley Inquiry Data Form 13Figures4-0.2-1 Hoist Mounting Headroom, Lift, and Reach 34-0.2-2 Single and Double Reeving 4Tables4-1.2.3-1 Hoist Duty Service Classification . 74-1.5-1 Typical Hoist and

16、Motorized Trolley Speeds 94-3.2-1 Typical Rated Motor Voltages 11Form4-4.1-1 Typical Electric Wire Rope Hoist and Trolley Inquiry Data Form 14Nonmandatory AppendicesA Performance Requirements for Electric Wire Rope Hoists Used in Marineand Other Applications as Required by the U.S. Department of Def

17、ense(DOD) 15B Examples of Detailed Application Analysis . 21iiiFOREWORDThis Standard is one in a series that provide performance requirements for hoists and wasoriginally issued in 1985. It was developed by The American Society of Mechanical Engineers(ASME) HST Standards Committee, Hoists Overhead.

18、It is intended to serve as a guide tomanufacturers of the equipment, and to the purchasers and users of the equipment.Standards in this series areHST-1 Performance Standard for Electric Chain HoistsHST-2 Performance Standard for Hand Chain Manually Operated Chain HoistsHST-3 Performance Standard for

19、 Manually Lever Operated Chain HoistsHST-4 Performance Standard for Overhead Electric Wire Rope HoistsHST-5 Performance Standard for Air Chain HoistsHST-6 Performance Standard for Air Wire Rope HoistsThis edition contains a Nonmandatory Appendix A that, in conjunction with ASME HST-4, isintended to

20、replace MIL-H-15317.The format of this Standard is in accordance with the 2010 edition of The ASME Codes however, they shouldnot contain proprietary names or information.Requests that are not in this format may be rewritten in the appropriate format by the Committeeprior to being answered, which may

21、 inadvertently change the intent of the original request.ASME procedures provide for reconsideration of any interpretation when or if additionalinformation that might affect an interpretation is available. Further, persons aggrieved by aninterpretation may appeal to the cognizant ASME Committee or S

22、ubcommittee. ASME does not“approve,” “certify,” “rate,” or “endorse” any item, construction, proprietary device, or activity.Attending Committee Meetings. The HST Standards Committee regularly holds meetings and/or telephone conferences that are open to the public. Persons wishing to attend any meet

23、ingand/or telephone conference should contact the Secretary of the HST Standards Committee.Future Committee meeting dates and locations can be found on the Committee Page atgo.asme.org/HSTcommittee.viASME HST-42016PERFORMANCE STANDARD FOROVERHEAD ELECTRIC WIRE ROPE HOISTSChapter 4-0Scope, Definition

24、s, References, and AppendicesSECTION 4-0.1 SCOPE(a) This Standard establishes performance require-ments for electric wire rope hoists for vertical liftingservice involving material handling of freely suspended(unguided) loads using wire rope with one of the follow-ing types of suspension:(1) lug(2)

25、hook(3) trolley(4) base or deck mounted (does not include base-mounted winches of the type covered by ASME B30.7)(5) wall or ceiling mounted (does not include base-mounted winches of the type covered by ASME B30.7)(b) This Standard is applicable to hoists manufacturedafter the date on which this Sta

26、ndard is issued. ThisStandard is not applicable to(1) damaged or malfunctioning hoists(2) hoists that have been misused or abused(3) hoists that have been altered without authoriza-tion of the manufacturer or a qualified person(4) hoists used for the purpose of lifting or loweringpeople(5) hoists us

27、ed for the purpose of drawing both theload and the hoist up or down the hoists own wire rope(6) hoists used for marine and other applicationsas required by the U.S. Department of Defense (DOD)(c) The requirements of this Standard shall be appliedtogether with the requirements of ASME B30.16. Pleasea

28、lso refer to ASME B30.16 for requirements pertainingto marking, construction, and installation; inspection,testing, and maintenance; and operation.SECTION 4-0.2 DEFINITIONSabnormal operating conditions: environmental conditionsthat are unfavorable, harmful, or detrimental to the oper-ation of a hois

29、t, such as excessively high or low ambienttemperatures; exposure to weather, corrosive fumes, ordust-laden or moisture-laden atmospheres; andhazardous locations.1ambient temperature: the temperature of the atmospheresurrounding the hoist.base or deck mounted: a type of mounting where the hoistis mou

30、nted to the top side of a horizontal supportingsurface.beam: an overhead standard structural or specially fabri-cated shape on which the trolley operates.block, load: the assembly of hook or shackle, swivel, bear-ing, pins, sheaves, and frame suspended by the rope.This shall include all appurtenance

31、s reeved into thehoisting rope.brake: a device, other than a motor, used for retardingor stopping motion by friction or power means.brake,holding: a friction brake for a hoist that is automati-cally applied and prevents motion when power is off.brake, mechanical load: an automatic type of friction b

32、rakeused for controlling loads in a lowering direction. Thisunidirectional device requires torque from the motor tolower a load but does not impose additional load onthe motor when lifting a load.braking, control: a method of controlling speed by remov-ing energy from the moving body or by imparting

33、energy in the opposite direction.braking, countertorque (plugging): a method of controllingspeed by applying a variable motor torque in the direc-tion opposite to the direction that the motor is rotatingdue to being overhauled by the load.braking, dynamic: a method of controlling speed by usingthe m

34、otor as a generator, with the energy being dissi-pated by resistance.braking, eddy current: a method of controlling or reducingspeed by means of an electrical induction load brake.braking, mechanical: a method of controlling or reducingspeed by friction.braking, regenerative: a method of controlling

35、 speed inwhich the electrical energy generated by the motor isfed back into the power system.ASME HST-42016ceiling mounted: a type of hoist mounting where the hoistis mounted to the underside of a horizontal supportingsurface.chain, hand: the chain provided to control movement ofa hand-chain-operate

36、d trolley.contactor: an electromechanical device for opening andclosing an electric power circuit.control actuator: a manual means at the operating stationby which hoist or trolley controls are energized.control enclosure: the housing containing the electricalcontrol components.cushioned start: an e

37、lectrical or mechanical method forreducing the rate of acceleration of trolley motion.drum: the cylindrical member around which the rope iswound for lifting and lowering the load.hazardous (classified) locations: locations where fire orexplosion hazards may exist. Locations are classifieddepending o

38、n the properties of the flammable vapors,liquids, or gases, or combustible dusts or fibers, thatmay be present, and the likelihood that a flammable orcombustible concentration or quantity is present (referto ANSI/NFPA 70).Class 1 locations: locations in which flammable gasesor vapors are or may be p

39、resent in the air in quantitiessufficient to produce explosive or ignitable mixtures.Class 2 locations: locations that are hazardous becauseof the presence of combustible dust.Class 3 locations: locations that are hazardous becauseof the presence of easily ignitable fibers or flyings, butin which su

40、ch fibers or flyings are not likely to be insuspension in the air in quantities sufficient to produceignitable mixtures.headroom: measured with the load hook at its upper limitof travel, headroom is the distance from the saddle ofthe load hook to the following locations (see Fig. 4-0.2-1):(a) center

41、line of the suspension holes on lug-suspended hoists(b) saddle of the top hook on hook-suspended hoists(c) wheel tread line on trolley-suspended hoists(d) supporting surface on base-, deck-, and ceiling-mounted hoists(e) uppermost point of hoist on wall- and ceiling-mounted hoistshoist: a suspended

42、machinery unit that is used for liftingor lowering a freely suspended (unguided) load.hoist speed: the rate of motion of the load hook.hook suspended: suspension of the hoist from a trolleyor rigid structure by means of a hook(s) at the top ofthe hoist.lateral hook travel: the lateral movement of th

43、e load hookbetween its position at the upper limit of travel and itsposition at the lower limit of travel.2lift: the maximum vertical distance through which theload hook can travel, and is the total hook movementbetween its upper limit of travel and its position whenat the lower limit of travel (see

44、 Fig. 4-0.2-1).liftingdevices,belowthehook: devices that are not normallyreeved onto the hoist ropes, such as hook-on-buckets,magnets, grabs, and other supplemental devices usedfor handling certain types of loads. The weight of thesedevices is to be considered part of the load to be lifted.limiting

45、device: an electrical, mechanical, or electrome-chanical device for limiting the upward or downwardtravel of the load hook at the extremities of lift. Thisdevice may limit lift at any point within the extremitiesof lift, if designed to be adjustable.load: the total superimposed weight on the load bl

46、ockor load hook, including lifting devices.load hook: the hook used to connect the load to the hoist.load suspension parts: the means of suspension (trolley,hook, or lug), the structure or housing that supports thedrum, the rope, the sheaves, and the load block.lug suspended: suspension of the hoist

47、 from a trolley(s)or permanent structure by means of bolt(s) or pin(s)through a rigid- or swivel-type lug(s).magnetic control: a means of controlling the directionand speed of the hoist and trolley by using magneticcontactors and relays.minimum radius: the smallest radius of the beam, mea-sured to t

48、he centerline of the web of the beam, on whichthe trolley will operate.normal operating conditions: conditions during which ahoist is performing functions within the scope of theoriginal design.overload: any load greater than the rated load.parts (lines): number of lines of rope supporting the loadb

49、lock or hook.pendant station: electrical controls suspended from thehoist for operating the unit.pitch diameter: the distance from center to center of arope passing over a sheave or wound on a drum, mea-sured across the diameter of the sheave or drum.power transmission parts: the machinery components,including the gears, shafts, clutches, couplings, bearings,motors, and brakes.qualified person: a person who, by possession of a recog-nized degree or certificate of professional standing, orwho, by extensive knowledge, training, and experience,has successfully demonstrated the