ANSI ASME B133.8-2011 Gas Turbine Installation Sound Emissions《燃气轮机装置噪音释放》.pdf

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1、AN AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD ASME B133.8-2011Revision of ASME B133.8-1977 (R2001)Gas Turbine Installation Sound EmissionsASME B133.8-2011Revision of ASME B133.8-1977 (R2001)Gas TurbineInstallationSound EmissionsAN AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDThree Park Avenue New York, NY 10016 USADate of Issuance: M

2、arch 15, 2012The next edition of this Standard is scheduled for publication in 2017.ASME issues written replies to inquiries concerning interpretations of technical aspects of thisStandard. Interpretations are published on the ASME Web site under the Committee Pages athttp:/cstools.asme.org/ as they

3、 are issued.Errata to codes and standards may be posted on the ASME Web site under the Committee Pages toprovide corrections to incorrectly published items, or to correct typographical or grammatical errorsin codes and standards. Such errata shall be used on the date posted.The Committee Pages can b

4、e found at http:/cstools.asme.org/. There is an option available toautomatically receive an e-mail notification when errata are posted to a particular code or standard.This option can be found on the appropriate Committee Page after selecting “Errata” in the “PublicationInformation” section.ASME is

5、the registered trademark of The American Society of Mechanical Engineers.This code or standard was developed under procedures accredited as meeting the criteria for American NationalStandards. The Standards Committee that approved the code or standard was balanced to assure that individuals fromcomp

6、etent and concerned interests have had an opportunity to participate. The proposed code or standard was madeavailable for public review and comment that provides an opportunity for additional public input from industry, academia,regulatory agencies, and the public-at-large.ASME does not “approve,” “

7、rate,” or “endorse” any item, construction, proprietary device, or activity.ASME does not take any position with respect to the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with anyitems mentioned in this document, and does not undertake to insure anyone utilizing a standard against liabilit

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9、 agency representative(s) or person(s) affiliated with industry is not to be interpreted asgovernment or industry endorsement of this code or standard.ASME accepts responsibility for only those interpretations of this document issued in accordance with the establishedASME procedures and policies, wh

10、ich precludes the issuance of interpretations by individuals.No part of this document may be reproduced in any form,in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise,without the prior written permission of the publisher.The American Society of Mechanical EngineersThree Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5

11、990Copyright 2012 byTHE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERSAll rights reservedPrinted in U.S.A.CONTENTSForeword ivCommittee Roster . vCorrespondence With the PTC Committee viIntroduction . viiSection 1 Object and Scope . 11-1 Object . 11-2 Scope 1Section 2 Sound Emissions Specification . 22-1 I

12、ntroduction . 22-2 Environmental Sound Emissions Specification Procedures . 22-3 Environmental Sound Emissions Specification Format . 22-4 Near-Field Sound Emissions Specification . 3Section 3 Field Sound Measurement Guidelines. 63-1 Introduction . 63-2 Qualifications 63-3 Gas Turbine Operation . 63

13、-4 Acoustic Environment 63-5 Sound Measurement Instruments . 63-6 Microphone Locations 73-7 Sound Measurements 73-8 Data Reporting 103-9 Average and Maximum Sound Level Calculation . 103-10 Comparison of Measured and Specified Sound Level 11Section 4 References 134-1 References . 134-2 Bibliography

14、. 13Figures2-2-1 Estimated Sound Pressure Level at Far-Field Measurement Positions 43-6-1 Near-Field Contours . 83-6-2 Gas Turbine Sound Level Measurement Locations . 93-6-3 Gas Turbines in a Combined-Cycle Installation Operating in Simple-CycleMode . 10Table3-9.4-1 Corrections for Sound-Reflecting

15、Surfaces 11Forms2-2.1-1 Procedure A: Specified Sound Levels at 400 ft (120 m) for Total GasTurbine Installation at Contract Conditions . 52-2.2-1 Procedure B: Specified Octave Band Sound Pressure Levels at 400 ft(120 m) for Total Gas Turbine Installation at Contract Conditions . 5Nonmandatory Append

16、icesA Guide to Determining Acceptable A-Weighted Sound Level . 15B Guide to Determining Specified C-Weighted Sound Level . 22iiiFOREWORDThe purpose of this Standard is to provide format and criteria for the preparation of gasturbine procurement acoustical specifications for industrial, pipeline, and

17、 utility applications.This Standard will also be useful for response to such specifications. Field sound measurementguidelines to determine specified sound emissions compliance and to report field data are alsopresented.This Standard provides essential information for the procurement of gas turbine

18、power plantsinvolving acoustical requirements. This Standard applies to simple-cycle gas turbines and com-bined-cycle gas turbines operating in simple-cycle mode with simple-cycle bypass capability, andconventional or advanced low-emissions combustion systems for industrial, marine, and electricpowe

19、r applications. Auxiliaries needed for proper operation are included. Gas turbines appliedto earth-moving machines, agricultural and industrial-type tractors, automobiles, trucks, buses,and aeropropulsion units are not included.For gas turbines using unconventional or special heat sources (such as c

20、hemical processes,nuclear reactors, or furnaces for supercharged boilers), this Standard may also be useful; however,appropriate modifications may be necessary.The intent of this Standard is to cover the normal requirements of the majority of applicationsas determined by the consensus of the B133 Co

21、mmittee, recognizing that economic tradeoffs andreliability implications may differ in some applications. The user may desire to add, delete, ormodify the requirements in this Standard to meet specific needs, and may do so in the procurementspecification.In the 1990s, the B133 Committee decided not

22、to update the B133 standards, but instead towork with the ISO TC 192 Committee to prepare a series of gas turbine standards. These standardswould essentially replace the B133 series of standards. As the ISO 3977 series of standards wasreleased, the related B133 standards were withdrawn. In the first

23、 decade of this century, the B133Committee was disbanded and all but one of the B133 standards were withdrawn. The B133.8Standard, Gas Turbine Installation Sound Emissions, was considered of sufficient continuing interestin U.S. industry to merit its retention. Subsequently, it was felt that it shou

24、ld be updated. PTCCommittee 36 on Measurement of Industrial Sound was considered to be the closest in subjectmatter among the ASME Standards and Certification Committees to undertake such a revision.In 2008, several former members of the B133 Committee responsible for the B133.8 Standardagreed to se

25、rve on the PTC 36 Committee.The 2011 edition of B133.8 improves on the 1977 edition in the following aspects:(a) addition of a near-field measurement specification along a prescribed near-field sourceenvelope contour(b) clarification of the gas turbine acoustical specification in the case of combine

26、d-cycle applica-tions for both near field and far field(c) clarification of the definition of measurement positions and distance corrections(d) additional guidance regarding measurement methodology(e) clarification of the treatment and evaluation of reflective surface effects(f) additional and updat

27、ed references, including Nonmandatory Appendix B on low-frequencyairborne soundSuggestions for improvement of this Standard are welcome. They should be stated as specificallyas possible, and sent to the Secretary, PTC 36 Committee, The American Society of MechanicalEngineers, Three Park Avenue, New

28、York, NY 10016.This edition of the B133.8 Standard was approved by the PTC Standards Committee onApril 18, 2011, and was approved as an American National Standard by the American NationalStandards Institute on August 17, 2011.ivASME PTC COMMITTEEPerformance Test Codes(The following is the roster of

29、the Committee at the time of approval of this Standard.)STANDARDS COMMITTEE OFFICERSJ. R. Friedman, ChairJ. W. Milton, Vice ChairJ. H. Karian, SecretarySTANDARDS COMMITTEE PERSONNELP. G. Albert, General Electric Co.R. P. Allen, ConsultantJ. M. Burns, Burns Engineering, Inc.W. C. Campbell, Southern C

30、ompany Services, Inc.M. J. Dooley, Alstom Power, Inc.J. R. Friedman, Siemens Energy, Inc.G. J. Gerber, ConsultantP. M. Gerhart, University of EvansvilleT. C. Heil, ConsultantS. A. Scavuzzo, Alternate, Babcock however, they shouldnot contain proprietary names or information.Requests that are not in t

31、his format will be rewritten in this format by the Committee priorto being answered, which may inadvertently change the intent of the original request.ASME procedures provide for reconsideration of any interpretation when or if additionalinformation that might affect an interpretation is available.

32、Further, persons aggrieved by aninterpretation may appeal to the cognizant ASME Committee or Subcommittee. ASME does not“approve,” “certify,” “rate,” or “endorse” any item, construction, proprietary device, or activity.Attending Committee Meetings. The PTC Standards Committee and PTC Committees hold

33、meetings regularly, which are open to the public. Persons wishing to attend any meeting shouldcontact the Secretary of the PTC Committee.viINTRODUCTIONThis Standard is intended to be primarily a soundemissions procurement specification for gas turbines, asopposed to a standardized test procedure. Th

34、e PTC 36Committee believes that although there are many testprocedures available to users of this Standard, procure-ment and testing are inextricably and unavoidablyconnected.Whether the specification calls for measured airbornesound levels at particular positions, or for source soundpower levels fr

35、om components, a significant degree ofmeasurement methodology is absolutely necessary.Whenever sound levels at particular positions arecalled out, requirements are also specified for controllingthe operating conditions, the instrumentation, the defi-nition of locations, the averaging methodology, th

36、emeteorological constraints, the measurement duration,the test tolerances permitted, the environmental correc-tions to be applied, and the manner and methodologiesused in any such corrections. Without such defined con-straints, similar to test procedures, the sound emissionsspecification will be def

37、icient.Sound power level specifications require even moreexplicit details to adapt and apply any of the severalpossible sound power test procedures for gas turbineinstallations. Failure to provide detailed qualificationsto sufficiently control and limit the range of possibleviiinterpretations on the

38、 specification or commitments canhave adverse effects. These qualifications should be pro-vided at the earliest possible stage in the specification(and by extension, in the contract documents and vendorguarantees) to avoid disagreements regarding the limita-tions and constraints of any specified sou

39、nd emissions.Sound emissions must be considered in any gas turbineinstallation, as they are central to declarations of provi-sional acceptance, final acceptance, etc. Furthermore, thedegree of financial exposure as a result of disagreementsas to whether acoustical compliance has been achieved,or the

40、 degree to which some shortfall has occurred, isalways a function of the precision of the definition ofmeasurement methodology. In turn, any such disagree-ments affect the cost of both retrofit corrections or liqui-dated damages involved.While contractual considerations are beyond the scopeof this S

41、tandard, an awareness of the context withinwhich the specification will be implemented is needed.This awareness influences the work of PTC 36 on thisStandard, since it bears directly on the revisions con-tained herein.The gas turbine literature often uses “gas turbine”and “combustion turbine” interc

42、hangeably. PTC 36regards the use of “gas turbine” herein to be synony-mous with “combustion turbine.”INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANKviiiASME B133.8-2011GAS TURBINE INSTALLATION SOUND EMISSIONSSection 1Object and Scope1-1 OBJECTThe object of this Standard is to provide methods andprocedures for specifying t

43、he sound emissions of gasturbine installations for industrial, pipeline, and utilityapplications. Included are guidelines for making fieldsound measurements and for reporting field data. ThisStandard may be used by users and manufacturers towrite specifications and to determine compliance witha spec

44、ification after installation. Information is includedin Nonmandatory Appendices A and B for guidance inestimating expected community reaction to noise.These methods and procedures are intended to beused by gas turbine users and manufacturers. The proce-dure may be used to specify sound emissions lev

45、elsin accordance with local, state, or federal noise controlrequirements. A methodology is suggested inNonmandatory Appendices A and B to determine gasturbine installation sound emissions levels that are gen-erally compatible with the sound environment of aneighboring sensitive receiver, such as a r

46、esidentialcommunity.1-2 SCOPEThis Standard is applicable to land-based, or shore-side, barge-mounted gas turbines in single or multiple1arrangements, for indoor or outdoor stationary installa-tions. Applications may include, but are not limited to,gas turbine-driven generators, compressors, or pumps

47、,in simple-cycle gas turbines or combined-cycle gas tur-bines with simple-cycle bypass capabilities.Gas turbines used for the primary or auxiliary propul-sion source in transportation vehicles (airplanes, auto-mobiles, off-road vehicles, ships, etc.) are excluded fromthis Standard.Procedures outline

48、d in Section 2 may be used to spec-ify either the sound emissions from the gas turbine only,or the total sound emissions from the site, including,but not limited to, gas turbine-driven equipment andauxiliary equipment. The users specification mustclearly define the equipment for which the noise spec

49、ifi-cation is applicable, especially for combined-cycleplants, where all equipment may not be furnished bythe gas turbine manufacturer on a turnkey basis. Unlessotherwise stated, the specified noise emissions limitsshall include all equipment at the site provided by thegas turbine manufacturer on a turnkey basis.This Standard does not include specificationsaddressing exhaust stack exit sound pressure levels,exhaust stack exit sound power levels, or either the pres-ence or absence of tonal components in the emittedacoustic spectrum.ASME B133.8-2011Section 2Sound Emissions Specifica