ANSI ASHRAE 70-2006 Method of Testing the Performance of Air Outlets and Air Inlets.pdf

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1、Approved by the ASHRAE Standards Committee on January 19, 1991 and reaffirmed January 29, 2011.Approved by the ASHRAE Board of Directors on January 24, 1991 and reaffirmed February 2, 2011. Approvedby the American National Standards Institute on April 26, 1991 and reaffirmed February 3, 2011. ASHRAE

2、 Standards are scheduled to be updated on a five-year cycle; the date following the standard numberis the year of ASHRAE Board of Directors approval. The latest edition of an ASHRAE Standard may be pur-chased on the ASHRAE Web site (www.ashrae.org) or from ASHRAE Customer Service, 1791 Tullie Circle

3、,NE, Atlanta, GA 30329-2305. E-mail: ordersashrae.org. Fax: 404-321-5478. Telephone: 404-636-8400(worldwide) or toll free 1-800-527-4723 (for orders in US and Canada). For reprint permission, go towww.ashrae.org/permissions. 2011 American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engine

4、ers, Inc.ISSN 1041-2336ASHRAE STANDARDANSI/ASHRAE Standard 70-2006 (RA 2011)(Reaffirmation of ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 70-2006)Method of Testingthe Performance ofAir Outlets and Air InletsAmerican Society of Heating, Refrigeratingand Air-Conditioning Engineers, Inc.1791 Tullie Circle NE, Atlanta, GA 303

5、29www.ashrae.orgSPECIAL NOTEThis American National Standard (ANS) is a national voluntary consensus standard developed under the auspices of the AmericanSociety of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE). Consensus is defined by the American National StandardsInstitute (ANSI),

6、 of which ASHRAE is a member and which has approved this standard as an ANS, as “substantial agreement reached bydirectly and materially affected interest categories. This signifies the concurrence of more than a simple majority, but not necessarily unanimity.Consensus requires that all views and ob

7、jections be considered, and that an effort be made toward their resolution.” Compliance with thisstandard is voluntary until and unless a legal jurisdiction makes compliance mandatory through legislation.ASHRAE obtains consensus through participation of its national and international members, associ

8、ated societies, and public review.ASHRAE Standards are prepared by a Project Committee appointed specifically for the purpose of writing the Standard. The ProjectCommittee Chair and Vice-Chair must be members of ASHRAE; while other committee members may or may not be ASHRAE members, allmust be techn

9、ically qualified in the subject area of the Standard. Every effort is made to balance the concerned interests on all ProjectCommittees. The Manager of Standards of ASHRAE should be contacted for:a. interpretation of the contents of this Standard,b. participation in the next review of the Standard,c.

10、 offering constructive criticism for improving the Standard, ord. permission to reprint portions of the Standard.DISCLAIMERASHRAE uses its best efforts to promulgate Standards and Guidelines for the benefit of the public in light of available information andaccepted industry practices. However, ASHR

11、AE does not guarantee, certify, or assure the safety or performance of any products, components,or systems tested, installed, or operated in accordance with ASHRAEs Standards or Guidelines or that any tests conducted under itsStandards or Guidelines will be nonhazardous or free from risk.ASHRAE INDU

12、STRIAL ADVERTISING POLICY ON STANDARDSASHRAE Standards and Guidelines are established to assist industry and the public by offering a uniform method of testing for ratingpurposes, by suggesting safe practices in designing and installing equipment, by providing proper definitions of this equipment, a

13、nd by providingother information that may serve to guide the industry. The creation of ASHRAE Standards and Guidelines is determined by the need for them,and conformance to them is completely voluntary.In referring to this Standard or Guideline and in marking of equipment and in advertising, no clai

14、m shall be made, either stated or implied,that the product has been approved by ASHRAE.ASHRAE Standard Project Committee 70Cognizant TC: TC 5.3, Room Air DistributionSPLS Liaison: Roger L. Hedrick*Denotes members of voting status when the document was approved for publicationJames Dale Aswegan, Chai

15、r* Julian Rochester*Douglas P. Baker Frank J. Spevak*Norman H. Bay Jack L. Stegall*Norman Broner* Richard T. Swierczyna*Ted N. Carnes* Paul R. VanderMeulenAlfred T. Dyck* Alexander M. ZhivovKenneth J. Loudermilk*ASHRAE STANDARDS COMMITTEE 20102011Stephanie Reiniche, Manager of StandardsH. Michael Ne

16、wman, Chair Allan B. Fraser Janice C. PetersonCarol E. Marriott, Vice-Chair Krishnan Gowri Douglas T. ReindlDouglass S. Abramson Maureen Grasso Boggarm S. SettyKarim Amrane Cecily M. Grzywacz James R. TaubyRobert G. Baker Richard L. Hall James K. VallortHoy R. Bohanon, Jr. Nadar R. Jayaraman William

17、 F. WalterSteven F. Bruning Byron W. Jones Michael W. WoodfordKenneth W. Cooper Jay A. Kohler Craig P. WrayMartin Dieryckx Frank Myers Hugh F. Crowther, BOD ExOWilliam P. Bahnfleth, COCONTENTSANSI/ASHRAE Standard 70-2006 (RA 2011),Method of Testing the Performance of Air Outlets and Air InletsSECTIO

18、N PAGEForeword. 21 Purpose 22 Scope . 23 Definitions. 24 Instrumentation and Facilities. 45 Test Procedures . 56 References . 8Informative Appendix A: Bibliography. 8Informative Appendix B: Throw Data Analysis and Application 9Informative Appendix C: Room Test Heaters . 9Informative Appendix D: Soun

19、d Rating Determination . 11NOTEApproved addenda, errata, or interpretations for this standard can be downloaded free of charge from the ASHRAE Web site at www.ashrae.org/technology. 2011 American Society of Heating,Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers, Inc.1791 Tullie Circle NEAtlanta, GA 30

20、329www.ashrae.orgAll rights reserved. American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers, Inc. (www.ashrae.org). For personal use only. Additional reproduction, distribution, or transmission in either print or digital form is not permitted without ASHRAEs prior written permiss

21、ion.2 ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 70-2006 (RA 2011)(This foreword is not part of this standard. It is merelyinformative and does not contain requirements necessaryfor conformance to the standard. It has not beenprocessed according to the ANSI requirements for astandard and may contain material that has not

22、 beensubject to public review or a consensus process.Unresolved objectors on informative material are notoffered the right to appeal at ASHRAE or ANSI.)FOREWORDThis is a reaffirmation of Standard 70-2006. This stan-dard was prepared under the auspices of the American Soci-ety of Heating, Refrigerati

23、ng and Air-ConditioningEngineers (ASHRAE). It may be used, in whole or in part, byan association or government agency with due credit toASHRAE. Adherence is strictly on a voluntary basis andmerely in the interests of obtaining uniform standardsthroughout the industry. The changes made for the 2011 r

24、eaffirmation were: References were updated“Appendix” was replaced with “Informative Appendix”An entry for an ASME reference was added to Section 6,ReferencesAn entry for ASHRAE Terminology of Heating, Ventila-tion, Air Conditioning, a direction-ally sensitive anemometer may be used if it is carefull

25、y ori-ented to indicate the true airspeed at any test position. Note:This may require a smoke test to determine the primary flowdirection. PvV1096-2=TABLE 1 Maximum Scale IntervalRange,in. w.c. (Pa)Maximum Scale Interval,in. w.c. (Pa)From 0.005 to 0.1 (1.25 to 25) 0.005 (1.25) From 0.1 to 1.0 (25 to

26、 250) 0.01 (2.50)From 1.0 to 2.0 (250 to 500) 0.02 (5.0)Above 2.0 (500) 0.10 (25) American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers, Inc. (www.ashrae.org). For personal use only. Additional reproduction, distribution, or transmission in either print or digital form is not per

27、mitted without ASHRAEs prior written permission.ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 70-2006 (RA 2011) 54.4.2 Discharge or Intake Velocity. An omnidirectionalanemometer shall be used to measure air velocity; a direction-ally sensitive anemometer may be used if it is carefully ori-ented to indicate the true airspeed

28、 at any test position. Arevolving vane or propeller anemometer shall not be used.4.5 Sound Measurement. The equipment and facility forthe determination of sound power levels shall be in accordanceNAIS Standard 12.51,5which specifies the instrumentation,acoustic test facilities, and uncertainty of th

29、e measurements.Locations within the test facility with air velocities greater than50 fpm (0.25 m/s), such as where air is discharging from theequipment being tested, must be avoided to prevent aerody-namic noise against the microphone being included in the mea-surement. Sound tests shall be performe

30、d to at least EngineeringGrade 2 as defined in NAIS Standard 12.515with the excep-tion that the test room must be qualified as Precision Grade 1as defined in its Section 5, “Acoustic Environment,” Subsec-tions 5.2 and 5.3, and/or qualified according to its Annex E tomeet the requirements in Table 2

31、of the NAIS standard.5. TEST PROCEDURES5.1 Air Outlet Static and Total Pressure. The test for out-let static and total pressure shall be conducted in accordancewith the following subsections.5.1.1 The test system shall comprise at least a fan, a meansfor controlling the airflow rate, an airflow rate

32、 measuringdevice, and one of the test installations described in eitherSection 5.1.3 or Section 5.1.4.5.1.2 Pressure measurements shall be clearly referencedto any position or adjustment of any flow equalizing, damp-ing, or deflecting components on the device.5.1.3 Ducted Method5.1.3.1 The air outle

33、t shall be mounted in a duct withcross-sectional dimensions equal to the nominal size of thedevice or to the duct dimensions normally recommended bythe manufacturer. The duct shall be straight for a minimumlength of three equivalent diameters, with any required flowstraightener at least three diamet

34、ers from the air outlet.5.1.3.2 The test installation should be constructed inaccordance with Figure 2 to provide uniform and unidirectionalair velocities. The plane of measurement shall be located 1.5equivalent diameters upstream of the device. The validity of ameasurement point within this plane s

35、hall be confirmed with avelocity pressure pitot traverse to be within 10% of the highestand lowest reading. The static pressure shall be measured witheither a wall static tap or a static pressure probe.5.1.3.3 Tests for pressure shall be conducted at a mini-mum of four evenly spaced airflow rates. 5

36、.1.3.4 The total pressure in the plane of measurementis the sum of the measured static pressure and the calculatedvelocity pressure.5.1.4 Plenum Method5.1.4.1 The test installation should be constructed inaccordance with Figure 3 to provide uniform and unidirec-tional air velocities. Equalizing devi

37、ces may be required toaccomplish this.TABLE 2 Velocity Measurement AccuracyMeasure Range AccuracyThrow, spread,and drop 200 fpm (1 m/s) 200 to 1000 fpm (1 to 5 m/s)10 fpm (0.05)5%Discharge or intake velocity100 fpm (0.5 m/s) to 2000 fpm (10 m/s)10%Figure 2 Ducted test installation.Figure 3 Pressuriz

38、ed plenum test installation. American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers, Inc. (www.ashrae.org). For personal use only. Additional reproduction, distribution, or transmission in either print or digital form is not permitted without ASHRAEs prior written permission.6 ANS

39、I/ASHRAE Standard 70-2006 (RA 2011)5.1.4.2 The velocity profile at the entrance plane of thetest device must be uniform within 10%. 5.1.4.3 The required pressure shall be measured with atleast one wall static tap located within 2 in. (0.05 m) of theinside surface of the mounting plane of the device.

40、 5.1.4.4 Tests for pressure shall be conducted at a mini-mum of four evenly spaced flow rates. 5.1.4.5 For the plenum method, the measured pressureis equal to the total pressure. The test unit static pressure is thedifference between the measured total pressure and the calcu-lated velocity pressure

41、in the test duct, as shown in Figure 3. 5.2 Air Inlet Static and Total Pressure. The test for airinlet static and total pressure shall be conducted in accordancewith the following subsections.5.2.1 The test system shall comprise at least a fan, a meansfor controlling the airflow rate, a flow-rate me

42、asuring device,and one of the test installations described in Section 5.2.3 or5.2.4. The device shall be mounted in a simulated wall or ceil-ing surface using the method recommended by the manufac-turer. This surface shall extend on all sides to at least 2equivalent diameters from the boundaries of

43、the device. 5.2.2 Pressure measurements shall be clearly referencedto any position or adjustment of any flow equalizing, damp-ing, or deflecting components on the device.5.2.3 Ducted Method5.2.3.1 The test installation shall be constructed inaccordance with Figure 2. The test air inlet shall be moun

44、tedin a test duct with cross-sectional dimensions equal to thenominal size of the device or to the duct dimensions normallyrecommended by the manufacturer. The duct shall be straightfor a minimum length of 1.5 equivalent diameters beyond theplane of measurement. 5.2.3.2 The plane of measurement shal

45、l be determinedby measuring static pressure along the duct centerline at inter-vals of 1.0 equivalent diameter and is defined as the locationat which successive measurements do not change by morethan 10%.5.2.3.3 Tests for pressure shall be conducted at a mini-mum of four evenly spaced flow rates. 5.

46、2.3.4 The total pressure in the plane of measurementis the sum of the measured static pressure and the calculatedvelocity pressure. 5.2.4 Plenum Method5.2.4.1 The test installation shall be constructed inaccordance with Figure 3.5.2.4.2 The required pressure shall be measured with atleast one wall s

47、tatic tap located within 2 in. (0.05 m) of theinside surface of the mounting plane of the device.5.2.4.3 Tests for pressure shall be conducted at a mini-mum of four evenly spaced flow rates.5.2.4.4 For the plenum method, the measured pressureis equal to the total pressure. The test unit static press

48、ure is thedifference between the measured total pressure and the calcu-lated velocity pressure in the test duct.5.3 Area Factor (Ak)5.3.1 Area factor is an empirical value determined byEquation 3-1. The discharge and intake velocities shall befound by direct measurement.5.3.2 For direct measurement

49、of the discharge and intakevelocities, any of the apparatuses shown in Figures 2 and 3may be used along with a velocity-measuring instrumentcomplying with Section 4.4. 5.3.3 When measuring discharge and intake velocitiesdirectly, the instrument(s), orientation, and location(s) ofmeasurement relative to the test unit shall be specified.5.3.4 Tests for determining the area factor shall be con-ducted at a minimum of four evenly spaced flow rates.5.3.5 The area factor can be considered a single value forthe range of airflow rates tested if a single value does not