ANSI ASHRAE 29-2015 Method of Testing Automatic Ice Makers《自动制冰机测试方法》.pdf

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1、ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 29-2015(Supersedes ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 29-2009)Method of TestingAutomatic Ice MakersApproved by ASHRAE on April 30, 2015, and by the American National Standards Institute on May 1, 2015.ASHRAE Standards are scheduled to be updated on a five-year cycle; the date following the St

2、andard number is the year ofASHRAE approval. The latest edition of an ASHRAE Standard may be purchased on the ASHRAE website (www.ashrae.org)or from ASHRAE Customer Service, 1791 Tullie Circle, NE, Atlanta, GA 30329-2305. E-mail: ordersashrae.org. Fax: 678-539-2129. Telephone: 404-636-8400 (worldwid

3、e) or toll free 1-800-527-4723 (for orders in US and Canada). For reprintpermission, go to www.ashrae.org/permissions. 2015 ASHRAE ISSN 1041-2336SPECIAL NOTEThis American National Standard (ANS) is a national voluntary consensus Standard developed under the auspices of ASHRAE. Consensus is definedby

4、 the American National Standards Institute (ANSI), of which ASHRAE is a member and which has approved this Standard as an ANS, as“substantial agreement reached by directly and materially affected interest categories. This signifies the concurrence of more than a simple majority,but not necessarily u

5、nanimity. Consensus requires that all views and objections be considered, and that an effort be made toward their resolution.”Compliance with this Standard is voluntary until and unless a legal jurisdiction makes compliance mandatory through legislation. ASHRAE obtains consensus through participatio

6、n of its national and international members, associated societies, and public review.ASHRAE Standards are prepared by a Project Committee appointed specifically for the purpose of writing the Standard. The ProjectCommittee Chair and Vice-Chair must be members of ASHRAE; while other committee members

7、 may or may not be ASHRAE members, allmust be technically qualified in the subject area of the Standard. Every effort is made to balance the concerned interests on all Project Committees. The Senior Manager of Standards of ASHRAE should be contacted fora. interpretation of the contents of this Stand

8、ard,b. participation in the next review of the Standard,c. offering constructive criticism for improving the Standard, ord. permission to reprint portions of the Standard.DISCLAIMERASHRAE uses its best efforts to promulgate Standards and Guidelines for the benefit of the public in light of available

9、 information and acceptedindustry practices. However, ASHRAE does not guarantee, certify, or assure the safety or performance of any products, components, or systemstested, installed, or operated in accordance with ASHRAEs Standards or Guidelines or that any tests conducted under its Standards or Gu

10、idelineswill be nonhazardous or free from risk.ASHRAE INDUSTRIAL ADVERTISING POLICY ON STANDARDSASHRAE Standards and Guidelines are established to assist industry and the public by offering a uniform method of testing for rating purposes, bysuggesting safe practices in designing and installing equip

11、ment, by providing proper definitions of this equipment, and by providing other informationthat may serve to guide the industry. The creation of ASHRAE Standards and Guidelines is determined by the need for them, and conformanceto them is completely voluntary.In referring to this Standard or Guideli

12、ne and in marking of equipment and in advertising, no claim shall be made, either stated or implied,that the product has been approved by ASHRAE.ASHRAE Standard Project Committee 29Cognizant TC: 10.2, Automatic Icemaking Plants and Skating RinksSPLS Liaison: Wayne H. Stoppelmoor, Jr.Daryl G. Erbs, C

13、hair* Randall J. Haseman* Stephen Schaefer*David B. Cowen* Thomas M. Lasecki* Bodh R. Subherwal*James R. Frantz* Denis Livchak* Sarah Widder*Brian A. Fricke* Howard A. Ricketts* Denotes members of voting status when the document was approved for publicationASHRAE STANDARDS COMMITTEE 20142015Richard

14、L. Hall, Chair James W. Earley, Jr. Mark P. ModeraDouglass T. Reindl, Vice-Chair Steven J. Emmerich Cyrus H. NasseriJoseph R. Anderson Patricia T. Graef Heather L. PlattJames Dale Aswegan Rita M. Harrold Peter SimmondsCharles S. Barnaby Adam W. Hinge Wayne H. Stoppelmoor, Jr.Donald M. Brundage Srini

15、vas Katipamula Jack H. ZarourJohn A. Clark Debra H. Kennoy Julia A. Keen, BOD ExOWaller S. Clements Malcolm D. Knight Bjarne Wilkens Olesen, CODavid R. Conover Rick A. LarsonJohn F. Dunlap Arsen K. MelkovStephanie C. Reiniche, Senior Manager of Standards ASHRAE (www.ashrae.org). For personal use onl

16、y. Additional reproduction, distribution, or transmission in either print or digital form is not permitted without ASHRAEs prior written permission.CONTENTSANSI/ASHRAE Standard 29-2015,Method of Testing Automatic Ice MakersSECTION PAGEForeword .21 Purpose.22 Scope23 Definitions .24 Classification.25

17、 Instruments and Apparatus.26 Test Methods 37 Test Procedures38 Data to Be Reported .49 Calculation of Results .4Normative Annex A: Method of Calorimetry6Informative Annex B: Bibliography 9NOTEApproved addenda, errata, or interpretations for this standard can be downloaded free of charge from the AS

18、HRAEWeb site at www.ashrae.org/technology. 2015 ASHRAE1791 Tullie Circle NE Atlanta, GA 30329 www.ashrae.org All rights reserved.ASHRAE is a registered trademark of the American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers, Inc.ANSI is a registered trademark of the American Natio

19、nal Standards Institute. ASHRAE (www.ashrae.org). For personal use only. Additional reproduction, distribution, or transmission in either print or digital form is not permitted without ASHRAEs prior written permission.2 ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 29-2015(This foreword is not part of this standard. It is m

20、erelyinformative and does not contain requirements necessaryfor conformance to the standard. It has not been pro-cessed according to the ANSI requirements for a standardand may contain material that has not been subject topublic review or a consensus process. Unresolved objec-tors on informative mat

21、erial are not offered the right toappeal at ASHRAE or ANSI.)FOREWORDASHRAE Standard 29 was first published in 1988 and wasreaffirmed in 1999 and 2005 and revised in 2009.This 2015 revision incorporates clarification in Section5 to instrumentation, test equipment, and data acquisition.Detail is added

22、 to Section 6 for water and air temperaturerequirements during test. More specific instruction is pro-vided in Section 7 for ice capacity determination sampling.Finally, Normative Annex A includes revisions for determina-tion of calorimeter constant and heat of fusion for ice prod-uct for continuous

23、-type ice makers.1. PURPOSEThis standard prescribes a method of testing automatic icemakers bya. specifying procedures to be used when testing automaticice makers,b. establishing the types of equipment to which the provi-sions of the standard apply,c. defining terms describing the equipment covered

24、andterms related to testing,d. specifying the type of instrumentation and test apparatusrequired in testing,e. specifying a uniform method for calculation of results, andf. specifying data and results to be recorded.2. SCOPEThis standard does not include automatic ice makers installedin household re

25、frigerators, combination refrigerator-freezers,and household freezers.3. DEFINITIONSautomatic ice maker: a factory-made assembly consisting ofa condensing unit and ice-making section operating as anintegrated unit, with means for making and harvesting ice. Itmay also include means for storing or dis

26、pensing ice, or both.The automatic ice maker may be composed of one or moresections for shipping purposes.batch-type ice maker: an ice maker having alternate freezingand harvesting periods. Also referred to as a cube-type icemaker.continuous-type ice maker: an ice maker that continuallyfreezes and h

27、arvests ice at the same time.dump water: water drainage from an ice maker to control theclarity of ice or to prevent scaling.pure ice: ice made by using water with less than 5 ppm of sol-ids concentration.4. CLASSIFICATION4.1 Method of Rejecting Heat4.1.1 Water-cooled condenser.4.1.2 Air-cooled cond

28、enser.4.2 Type of Ice Harvested4.2.1 Ice in irregular shapes of chips, flakes, ribbons, orwafers.4.2.2 Uniformly shaped ice of not over 56 g (2 oz).5. INSTRUMENTS AND APPARATUS5.1 Test Room5.1.1 Ambient Temperature. With the ice maker at rest,the vertical ambient temperature gradient in any metre (f

29、oot)of vertical distance from 51 mm (2 in.) above the floor or sup-porting platform to a height of 2.1 m (7 ft), or to a height of0.3 m (1 ft) above the top of the cabinet within the clearancesspecified in Section 6.5, whichever is greater, shall not exceed0.91C/m (0.5F/ft).5.1.2 Air Circulation. Wi

30、th the ice maker at rest, ambientair movement created by any source external to the unit shallnot impinge upon the air inlet openings with a velocitygreater than 0.25 m/s (50 fpm).5.1.3 Test Room Operation. No changes to the test roomshall be made during operation of the ice maker under test thatwou

31、ld impact the vertical ambient temperature gradient or theambient air movement specified in Sections 5.1.1 and 5.1.2.5.2 Temperature-Measuring Instruments5.2.1 Types. Temperature shall be measured with instru-ments of a type having the specified accuracies at the temper-atures of use.5.2.2 Accuracy

32、and readability each shall be within 0.56C(1.0F).5.2.3 Where accuracy greater than 0.56C (1.0F) is spec-ified, the instrument shall be calibrated by comparison with acertified standard in the range of use or shall itself be certifiedas to accuracy, and the resolution shall be at least equal to theac

33、curacy requirement unless otherwise specified.5.3 Electrical Instruments5.3.1 Accuracy and readability shall each be within 2.0%of the quantity measured.5.3.2 Input power shall be measured with an integratingwatt-hour meter graduated to 0.01 kWh.5.4 Water-Measuring Instruments5.4.1 Flow shall be mea

34、sured by one or more of the follow-ing methods and have accuracy and readability each of 2.0%of the quantity measured:a. Liquid quantity, measuring either weight or volumeb. Integrating-type liquid flow meter ASHRAE (www.ashrae.org). For personal use only. Additional reproduction, distribution, or t

35、ransmission in either print or digital form is not permitted without ASHRAEs prior written permission.ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 29-2015 35.4.2 Harvest water shall be captured by a nonperforatedpan located below the perforated pan used to capture thebatch of ice, as described in Section 5.5.2, and measure

36、d asliquid quantity.5.5 Ice-Weighing Instruments5.5.1 Unless otherwise specified, ice made by the icemaker shall be weighed on an instrument having accuracy andreadability each of 1.0% of the quantity measured.5.5.2 The intercepted ice sample shall be obtained andweighed in one of the following cont

37、ainers of predeterminedweight:a. For a batch-type ice maker, use a container with perfora-tions through which the ice of the unit under test cannotfall and for which the water retention weight is no morethan 1.0% of that of the smallest batch of ice for which thecontainer is used. The water hold-up

38、weight is the maxi-mum weight of water and shall be measured as follows:1. Immerse the container in water with the same orienta-tion as when collecting ice.2. Gently lift the container out of the water and allow itto drain for 30 seconds without shaking it.3. Weigh the container and the held-up wate

39、r.4. Subtract the containers dry weight.b. For a continuous-type ice maker, use a solid surface metalor plastic pan or bucket.5.6 Water Pressure Instruments. Instruments used to mea-sure water pressure at the ice maker inlet shall have accuracyand readability each of 2.0% of the value measured.5.7 S

40、ampling Rate. The maximum interval between datasamples for pressure, temperature, flow rate, and voltage shallbe no more than 5 seconds.6. TEST METHODS6.1 The specified voltage shall be measured at the ice-makerservice connection, with the ice maker in operation, and shallnot vary more than 2.0% dur

41、ing the test.6.2 The temperature of the supply water within the conduitshall be measured within 203 mm (8 in.) of the ice-maker byinserting the temperature-measuring instrument directlywithin the water stream or within a well inserted into the con-duit. Water temperature shall be measured during the

42、 water-fill interval and shall be maintained within 0.56C (1F) ofthe specified temperature.6.3 The pressure of the supply water within the conduit shallbe measured within 203 mm (8 in.) of the ice-maker and shallremain within the specified range during the period of timethat water is flowing into th

43、e ice-maker inlet(s).6.4 For an air-cooled ice maker, ambient temperature shall bemeasured at a location geometrically centered to the inlet areaat a distance of 0.3 m (1 ft) from the air inlet. Where morethan one inlet is provided, ambient temperature shall be mea-sured geometrically centered to ea

44、ch inlet area at a distance of0.3 m (1 ft) in front of each inlet plane, and the average tem-perature shall be recorded.For water-cooled ice makers, ambient temperatures shallbe measured at two places 0.3 m (1 ft.) from the cabinet, cen-tered with respect to adjacent sides of the cabinet.During the

45、first 5 minutes of each freeze cycle, the aver-age ambient temperatures shall not vary more than 1.1C(2F) from the specified temperatures and not more than0.56C (1F) thereafter.6.5 The ice maker shall be tested with minimum clearancesof 0.9 m (3 ft) to adjacent test chamber walls or minimumclearance

46、 allowed by the manufacturer, whichever is greater.6.6 Bins shall be used when testing and shall be filled one-half full with ice. Ice makers that convey ice through a con-duit to a remote bin shall be tested with the minimum lengthof conduit that can be used.6.7 For ice makers that have water-coole

47、d condensers, thequantity of water shall be determined separately for the con-denser and ice-making section.6.8 The ice maker shall be set up prior to testing and shall beadjusted in accordance with the manufacturers recommenda-tions.6.9 Heat exchangers and other accessories shall be used onlyif the

48、y are part of standard equipment furnished with themodel tested.6.10 The ice maker shall be completely assembled with allpanels, doors, and lids in their normally closed positions.7. TEST PROCEDURES7.1 Stabilization Requirements7.1.1 The ice maker must be stable for capacity test data tobe valid. Co

49、ntinuous-type ice makers shall be considered sta-bilized when the weights of two consecutive 15.0 min 2.5 ssamples having no more than 5 minutes between the end of asample and the start of the next sample do not vary more than2% or 25 g (0.055 lb), whichever is greater. Batch-type icemakers shall be considered stabilized when the 24-hour calcu-lated ice production rate for samples taken from two consecu-tive cycles do not vary by more than 2% or 1 kg (2.2 lb.),whichever is greater.7.2 Capacity Test7.2.1 The test for batch-type ice makers shal