ANSI ASA S2.72 PART 4-2003 American National Standard Mechanical Vibration and Shock C Evaluation of Human Exposure to Whole Body Vibration C Part 4 Guidelines for the Evaluation o.pdf

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1、 ANSI S2.72-2003/Part 4 / ISO 2631-4:2001 (formerly ANSI S3.18-2003 Part 4 / ISO 2631-4:2001) AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDMechanical Vibration and Shock Evaluation of Human Exposure to Whole Body Vibration Part 4: Guidelines for the Evaluation of the Effects of Vibration and Rotational Motion on Passe

2、nger and Crew Comfort in Fixed-Guideway Transport SystemsA Nationally Adopted International Standard Accredited Standards Committee S2, Mechanical Vibration and ShockStandards Secretariat Acoustical Society of America 35 Pinelawn Road, Suite 114 E Melville, NY 11747-3177 NAIS ANSI S2.72-2003/Part 4

3、/ ISO 2631-4: 2001Reaffirmed by ANSIMay 24, 2007Reaffirmed by ANSI on June 24, 2007 Reaffirmed by ANSI on May 24, 2007 Reaffirmed by ANSI on August 6, 2012 The American National Standards Institute, Inc. (ANSI) is the national coordinator of voluntary standards development and the clearinghouse in t

4、he U.S.A. for information on national and international standards. The Acoustical Society of America (ASA) is an organization of scientists and engineers formed in 1929 to increase and diffuse the knowledge of acoustics and to promote its practical applications. ANSI S2.72-2003/Part 4 / ISO 2631-4:2

5、001 (Formerly ANSI S3.18-2003/Part 4 / ISO 2631-4:2001) AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD Mechanical vibration and shock Evaluation of human exposure to whole body vibration Part 4: Guidelines for the evaluation of the effects of vibration and rotational motion on passenger and crew comfort in fixed-guidew

6、ay transport systems A Nationally Adopted International Standard Secretariat Acoustical Society of America Approved July 29, 2003 American National Standards Institute, Inc. Abstract The purpose of this part of ANSI S2.72 / ISO 2631 is to help in the design and evaluation of fixed-guideway passenger

7、 systems, with regard to the impact of vibration and repetitive motions on passenger comfort. Fixed-guideway vehicles provide a predictable but complex multi-axis motion environment that is a function of the guideway, vehicle and seat or berth. Passengers evaluate ride comfort not only based on moti

8、on but also on their expectations with regard to the class of service that they have purchased. The duration of the trip has not been demonstrated to be a direct factor in predicting comfort (with the possible exception of kinetosis), but the anticipated duration of the trip is related to the types

9、of activities passengers expect to accomplish while on board. Passengers on trips of more than a few minutes may expect to read, write, eat and drink; on trips of longer duration they will expect to sleep. To the extent that ride-induced vibration interferes with these activities, passengers may rat

10、e differently the comfort of vehicles with the same motion environment but different expected levels of service or different trip durations. Passengers are likely to judge comfort based on the interaction of vibration with factors such as acoustic noise, temperature, humidity, air quality and seat d

11、esign. AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDS ON ACOUSTICS The Acoustical Society of America (ASA) provides the Secretariat for Accredited Standards Committees S1 on Acoustics, S2 on Mechanical Vibration and Shock, S3 on Bioacoustics, and S12 on Noise. These committees have wide representation from the technic

12、al community (manufacturers, consumers, trade associations, general interest, and government representatives). The standards are published by the Acoustical Society of America through the American Institute of Physics as American National Standards after approval by their respective Standards Commit

13、tees and the American National Standards Institute. These standards are developed and published as a public service to provide standards useful to the public, industry, and consumers, and to Federal, State, and local governments. Each of the accredited Standards Committees operating in accordance wi

14、th procedures approved by American National Standards Institute (ANSI) is responsible for developing, voting upon, and maintaining or revising its own Standards. The ASA Standards Secretariat administers Committee organization and activity and provides liaison between the Accredited Standards Commit

15、tees and ANSI. After the Standards have been produced and adopted by the Accredited Standards Committees, and approved as American National Standards by ANSI, the ASA Standards Secretariat arranges for their publication and distribution. An American National Standard implies a consensus of those sub

16、stantially concerned with its scope and provisions. Consensus is established when, in the judgment of the ANSI Board of Standards Review, substantial agreement has been reached by directly and materially affected interests. Substantial agreement means much more than a simple majority, but not necess

17、arily unanimity. Consensus requires that all views and objections be considered and that a concerted effort be made towards their resolution. The use of an American National Standard is completely voluntary. Their existence does not in any respect preclude anyone, whether he or she has approved the

18、Standards or not, from manufacturing, marketing, purchasing, or using products, processes, or procedures not conforming to the Standards. NOTICE: This American National Standard may be revised or withdrawn at any time. The procedures of the American National Standards Institute require that action b

19、e taken periodically to reaffirm, revise, or withdraw this Standard. Acoustical Society of America ASA Secretariat 35 Pinelawn Road, Suite 114E Melville, New York 11747-3177 Telephone: 1 (631) 390-0215 Fax: 1 (631) 390-0217 E-mail: asastdsaip.org 2003 by Acoustical Society of America. This standard

20、may not be reproduced in whole or in part in any form for sale, promotion, or any commercial purpose, or any purpose not falling within the provisions of the Copyright Act of 1976, without prior written permission of the publisher. For permission, address a request to the Standards Secretariat of th

21、e Acoustical Society of America. These materials are subject to copyright claims of ISO, IEC, ANSI, and ASA. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form, including an electronic retrieval system, without the prior written permission of the Acoustical Society of America (ASA). All reque

22、sts pertaining to this standard should be submitted to the Acoustical Society of America (ASA). .iContents 1 Scope.1 2 Normative references.2 3 Special considerations for fixed-guideway transport systems.2 4 Motion characteristics of fixed-guideway vehicles.3 5 Measurement .4 6 Analysis of motions o

23、f fixed-guideway vehicles.5 7 Direct tests of passenger comfort6 Annex A Specification of frequency weighting Wb.8 Bibliography 10 Figures Figure 1 Frequency weighting curves for bW and kW .5 Tables Table 1 Body interfaces4 Table A.1 Parameters of the transfer function of the frequency weighting Wb8

24、 Table A.2 Frequency weighting bW in one-third-octave bands, frequency band limitation included.9 ii Foreword This foreword is not part of the Nationally Adopted International Standard (NAIS), Mechanical vibration and shock Evaluation of human exposure to whole body vibration Part 4: Guidelines for

25、the evaluation of the effects of vibration and rotational motion on passenger and crew comfort in fixed-guideway transport systems, ANSI S2.72-2003/Part 4/ISO 2631-4:2001 (formerly S3.18-2003 Part 4/ISO 2631-4: 2001). This Nationally Adopted International Standard (NAIS) comprises a part of a group

26、of definitions, standards, and specifications for use in work related to human exposure to mechanical vibration and shock. It has been adopted by the American National Standards Institute utilizing the Accredited Standards Committee Procedures, under the Secretariat of the Acoustical Society of Amer

27、ica. Accredited Standards Committee S3, Bioacoustics, under whose jurisdiction this NAIS was adopted, had the following scope at that time: Standards, specifications, methods of measurement and test, and terminology in the fields of psychological and physiological acoustics, including aspects of gen

28、eral acoustics, shock, and vibration which pertain to biological safety, tolerance and comfort. This Standard is identical to International Standard ISO 2631-4:2001, Mechanical vibration and shock Evaluation of human exposure to whole body vibration Part 4: Guidelines for the evaluation of the effec

29、ts of vibration and rotational motion on passenger and crew comfort in fixed-guideway transport systems, which was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 108, Mechanical vibration and shock, Subcommittee SC 4, Human exposure to mechanical vibration and shock. However, in conformance with ANSI and IS

30、O rules, decimal points were substituted in place of the commas used in ISO document, the words “American National Standard“ replace the words “International Standard“ where they appear in the ISO document, and an informational footnote has been added to page 1. In 2004, work related to human exposu

31、re to mechanical vibration and shock was transferred to Accredited Standards Committee S2, Mechanical Vibration and Shock. Five approved S3 standards were transferred to S2 at that time and were redesignated and republished as they each came up for reaffirmation in the normal standards cycle. This r

32、edesignation of ANSI S3.18-2003/Part 4 / ISO 2631-4:2001 is taking place under this process. No substantive changes have been made to the approved 2003 text, except as noted in the preceding paragraph. The ANSI equivalent for an ISO standard referenced herein is given below: ANSI S2.72-2002/Part 1 /

33、 ISO 2631-1:1997 is an identical national adoption of ISO 2631-1:1997. At the time this NAIS was submitted to Accredited Standards Committee S3, Bioacoustics, for final approval, the membership was as follows: R.F. Burkard, Chairman C. Champlin, Vice Chairman S. B. Blaeser, Secretary Acoustical Soci

34、ety of America. R.F. Burkard J. Franks (Alt.) American Academy of Audiology .L. Shotland . D.A. Fabry (Alt.) American Academy of Otolaryngology. R.A. Dobie .L.A. Michael (Alt.) iiiAmerican Industrial Hygiene Association .J. Banach D. Driscoll (Alt.) American Speech-Language-Hearing Assoc . G. Linn .

35、 R. Levinson (Alt.) Audio Engineering Society, Inc. R.H. Campbell M.R. Chial (Alt.) Caterpillar, Inc D. Roley .K.G. Meitl (Alt.) Chase Ergonomics, Inc. G. Shumate . D. Chase (Alt.) Council for Accreditation in Occupational Hearing . R.D. Bruce E.H. Berger (Alt.) Hearing Industries Association. T.A.

36、Victorian C.M. Rogin (Alt.) Howard Leight Industries . V. Larson E. Woo (Alt.) International Hearing Society K. LaFerle National Institute of Standards on trips of longer duration they will expect to sleep. To the extent that ride-induced vibration interferes with these activities, passengers may ra

37、te differently the comfort of vehicles with the same motion environment but different expected levels of service or different trip durations. Passengers are likely to judge comfort based on the interaction of vibration with factors such as acoustic noise, temperature, humidity, air quality and seat

38、design. AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD ANSI S2.72-2003/Part 4 / ISO 2631-4:2001 (Formerly ANSI S3.18-2003 Part 4/ISO 2631-4:2001) Acoustical Society of America 2003 All rights reserved 1American National Standard Mechanical vibration and shock Evaluation of human exposure to whole-body vibration Part 4:

39、 Guidelines for the evaluation of the effects of vibration and rotational motion on passenger and crew comfort in fixed-guideway transport systems 1 Scope This part of ISO 2631 provides guidance on the application of ISO 2631-11to the evaluation of the effects of mechanical vibration on the comfort

40、of passengers and crew in fixed-guideway systems. It is intended to be used by organizations which purchase, specify or use fixed-guideway systems, to help them to understand the relationship between the design of the guideway as well as other features of the system and the comfort of passengers and

41、 crew. These guidelines establish methods for the evaluation of relative comfort between systems, as opposed to absolute levels of comfort. This part of ISO 2631 is applicable to people in normal health exposed to rectilinear vibration along their x-, y- and z-axes, as well as rotational vibration a

42、bout these (body-centred) axes. It is intended to provide guidance on the assessment of comfort as a function of motions along and about vehicle axes that produce the body motions. This part of ISO 2631 is not applicable to high-amplitude single transients which may cause trauma, such as those resul

43、ting from vehicle accidents or “run-ins” produced by “longitudinal slack action”, nor is it applicable to high-amplitude vibration which may affect health. For the purposes of this part of ISO 2631, fixed-guideway passenger systems include rail systems (heavy and light rail), magnetically levitated

44、(MAGLEV) systems and rubber tyre metro-type systems, as well as any of the system types listed above that incorporate a tilt capability to compensate for lateral acceleration when traversing curves. This part of ISO 2631 provides guidance on the effects of very low-frequency accelerations (0.1 Hz to

45、 0.5 Hz) experienced as vertical forces that may cause kinetosis. These forces may be caused by combinations of curve transition, super-elevation and tilt-body technology. However, this part of ISO 2631 is not intended to give guidance on comfort implications of very low-frequency accelerations (bel

46、ow 0.5 Hz) experienced as lateral or longitudinal forces. Such accelerations can be generated by guideway geometry (horizontal alignment and cant). This part of ISO 2631 gives guidance on the evaluation of ride comfort based on motion environment only. 1(U.S. footnote. This note has been added to th

47、is American National Standard only for information and is not part of ISO 2631-4.) ISO 2631-1 has been nationally adopted and is identical to ANSI S2.72-2002/Part 1 / ISO 2631-1:1997. ANSI S2.72-2003/Part 4 / ISO 2631-4:2001 (Formerly ANSI S3.18-2003 Part 4/ISO 2631-4:2001) Acoustical Society of Ame

48、rica 2003 All rights reserved 2 2 Normative references The following normative documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this part of ISO 2631. For dated references, subsequent amendments to, or revisions of, any of these publications do not apply.

49、However, parties to agreements based on this part of ISO 2631 are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the normative documents indicated below. For undated references, the latest edition of the normative document referred to applies. Members of ISO and IEC maintain registers of currently valid International Standards. ISO 2631-1:1997, Mechanical vibration and shock Evaluation of human exposure to whole-body vibration Part 1: General requirements. IEC 61260, Electroacoustics Octave-band and fractional