ANSI ASA S2.26-2001 American National Standard Vibration Testing Requirements and Acceptance Criteria for Shipboard Equipment《船载设备的振动噪声测试要求和验收标准》.pdf

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1、AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDVIBRATION TESTING REQUIREMENTSAND ACCEPTANCECRITERIA FOR SHIPBOARDEQUIPMENTAccredited Standards Committee S2, Mechanical Vibration and ShockStandards SecretariatAcoustical Society of America35 Pinelawn Road, Suite 114EMelville, NY 11747-3177ANSI S2.26-2001ANSIS2.26-2001The

2、American National Standards Institute, Inc. (ANSI) is the na-tional coordinator of voluntary standards development and the clear-inghouse in the U.S. for information on national and internationalstandards.The Acoustical Society of America (ASA) is an organization of sci-entists and engineers formed

3、in 1929 to increase and diffuse theknowledge of acoustics and to promote its practical applications.American National StandardVibration Testing Requirements andAcceptance Criteria for Shipboard EquipmentSecretariatAcoustical Society of AmericaApproved 20 November 2001American National Standards Inst

4、itute, Inc.AbstractThis standard describes procedures for vibration testing of shipboard equipment, specifying amplitude,frequency, and endurance requirements.ANSI S2.26-2001AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDS ON ACOUSTICSThe Acoustical Society of America (ASA) provides the Secretariat for AccreditedStandar

5、ds Committees S1 on Acoustics, S2 on Mechanical Vibration and Shock,S3 on Bioacoustics, and S12 on Noise. These committees have wide represen-tation from the technical community (manufacturers, consumers, and general-interest representatives). The standards are published by the Acoustical Society of

6、America through the American Institute of Physics as American National Stan-dards after approval by their respective Standards Committees and the AmericanNational Standards Institute.These standards are developed and published as a public service to providestandards useful to the public, industry, a

7、nd consumers, and to Federal, State andlocal governments.Each of the accredited Standards Committees, operating in accordance with pro-cedures approved by American National Standards Institute (ANSI), is responsiblefor developing, voting upon, and maintaining or revising its own Standards. TheASA St

8、andards Secretariat administers Committee organization and activity andprovides liaison between the Accredited Standards Committees and ANSI. Afterthe Standards have been produced and adopted by the Accredited StandardsCommittees, and approved as American National Standards by ANSI, the ASAStandards

9、 Secretariat arranges for their publication and distribution.An American National Standard implies a consensus of those substantially con-cerned with its scope and provisions. Consensus is established when, in thejudgment of the ANSI Board of Standards Review, directly and materially affectedinteres

10、ts have reached substantial agreement. Substantial agreement meansmuch more than a simple majority, but not necessarily unanimity. Consensusrequires that all views and objections be considered and that a concerted effort bemade towards their resolution.The use of American National Standards is compl

11、etely voluntary. Their existencedoes not in any respect preclude anyone, whether he or she has approved theStandards or not, from manufacturing, marketing, purchasing, or using products,processes, or procedures not conforming to the Standards.NOTICE: This American National Standard may be revised or

12、 withdrawn at anytime. The procedures of the American National Standards Institute require thataction be taken periodically to reaffirm, revise, or withdraw this Standard.Standards SecretariatAcoustical Society of America35 Pinelawn Road, Suite 114 EMelville, New York 11747-3177Telephone: 1 (631) 39

13、0-0215Telefax: 1 (631) 390-0217 2001 by Acoustical Society of America. This standard may not be reproduced in whole orin part in any form for sale, promotion, or any commercial purpose, or any purpose notfalling within the provisions of the Copyright Act of 1976, without prior written permission oft

14、he publisher. For permission, address a request to the Standards Secretariat of the Acous-tical Society of America.ContentsPageForeword . iii0 Introduction 11 Scope . 12 Informative References . 13 Definitions . 23.1 Amplitude, peak 23.2 Environmental vibration . 23.3 Equipment . 23.4 Hull mounted e

15、quipment 23.5 Mast-mounted equipment . 23.6 Mounts and equipment mounting . 23.7 Operation critical . 23.8 Reciprocating machinery-mounted equipment 23.9 Response prominence (RP) . 23.10 Transmissibility . 24 Basis of acceptability . 25 Test requirements and procedure 35.1 Testing machines 35.2 Meth

16、od of attachment 35.3 Test procedure 45.4 Operation of equipment during vibration tests 55.5 Exceptions 55.6 Pre- and post-vibration testing . 56 Test report 67 Certification of testing 68 General notes . 69 Extension of qualification . 6Tables1 Vibration test requirements for shipboard equipmentand

17、 machinery components . 3AnnexesA Guidance for testing . 6B Limits for hull and mast vibration 7CExtension of qualification 7iForewordThis Foreword is for information only, and is not a part of the American NationalStandard ANSI S2.26 - 2001 Vibration Testing Requirements and AcceptanceCriteria for

18、Shipboard Equipment.This standard comprises a part of a group of definitions, standards, and specifi-cations for use in mechanical vibration and shock. It has been developed using theAmerican National Standards Institute (ANSI) Accredited Standards CommitteeProcedure. The Acoustical Society of Ameri

19、ca provides the Secretariat for Accred-ited Standards Committee S2, Mechanical Vibration and Shock.American National Standards Committee S2, Mechanical Vibration and Shock,under whose jurisdiction this standard was developed, has the following scope:Standards, specifications, methods of measurement

20、and test terminology in thefields of mechanical vibration and shock and condition monitoring and diagnos-tics of machines, but excluding those aspects which pertain to biological safety,tolerance, and comfort.This standard is not comparable to any currently existing ISO Standard.At the time this Sta

21、ndard was submitted to Accredited Standards Committee S2,Mechanical Vibration and Shock for approval, the membership was as follows:R. J. Peppin, ChairD. J. Evans, Vice-ChairS.B. Blaeser, SecretaryAcoustical Society of America . S.I. HayekB. E. Douglas (Alt.)American Industrial Hygiene Association .

22、 L.H.RoysterD. Driscoll (Alt.)Bruel FAX 1 (631) 390-0217.ivAmerican National StandardVibration TestingRequirements andAcceptance Criteria forShipboard Equipment0 IntroductionAll machinery installed aboard ship will be sub-jected to a vibratory environment consisting ofvarious frequencies and amplitu

23、des of vibration.During the operational life of the ship, the machin-ery and equipment must continue to function nor-mally. Shipboard structural arrangements may re-sult in machinery placed in areas which result inmagnification of vibratory displacements, andtherefore machinery and equipment may be

24、sub-jected to more severe vibrations than those im-posed by the hull.For equipment and machinery in general, the fre-quency range of interest is governed by the primemover (such as a diesel engine) and by propellerand blade excitation. This range does not usuallyextend beyond 100 Hz.Vibration measur

25、ements for steady-state condi-tions are usually made in relatively quiet seas andduring constant-speed operations. However, ac-tual ship operations occur in all sea states andheadings. Any change in a ships speed, heading,or sea states may have a significant effect on thevibration values.Based on th

26、ese considerations, the proposed testseverities for vibration testing of shipboard equip-ment and machinery components cannot be inter-preted as simulating normal environmental condi-tions, but as representing vibration valuessufficiently large to obtain a reasonably high de-gree of confidence that

27、the equipment will not failor malfunction during service life.This standard was developed with the specific in-tent to provide requirements for vibration testing ofshipboard equipment. Requirements for vibrationqualification methods other than testing (such asprior use or analysis) are covered by de

28、sign orpurchase specifications.Shipboard equipment for which compliance withthis national standard is not specified, or is waived,may experience failures induced by vibration inservice.1 ScopeThis national standard defines vibration test re-quirements for shipboard equipment and machin-ery component

29、s. The tests are intended to locateresonances of the equipment and impose endur-ance tests at these frequencies, if any. The fre-quency range of the tests is 4 Hz to 50 Hz (100 Hzfor reciprocating machinery-mounted equipment).This standard is applicable to the following ship-board equipment: control

30、 and instrumentation, navigation and communication, mast-mounted equipment, machinery components.For special machinery, equipment and installa-tions such as antennae, large machinery itemsand certain unusual designs, it may be necessaryto deviate from this standard, subject to approvalby the parties

31、 concerned.The maximum size and mass of equipment andmachinery that can be tested in accordance withthis standard cannot be defined because the ca-pacities of available vibration-testing machinesvary. Furthermore, a given piece of equipment ormachinery, although too large to be accommo-dated on a vi

32、bration-testing machine, may beseparated into components that are small enoughfor testing. Control and instrumentation equip-ment, although often attached to larger pieces ofmachinery, are tested in this manner. Separatingequipment into component parts for vibration test-ing must be approved by buye

33、r or acceptance au-thority.2 Informative references1 ANSI S2.1-2000 ISO 2041:1990, NationallyAdopted International Standard (NAIS Standard)Vibration and shock Vocabulary.2 ANSI S2.5-1962 (R2001), American NationalStandard Recommendations for Specifying thePerformance of Vibration Machines.3 ISO 1005

34、5:1996, Mechanical vibration Vi-bration testing requirements for shipboard equip-ment and machinery components.AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD ANSI S2.26-20011 2001 Acoustical Society of America3 DefinitionsThis section defines only some of the terms usedin this standard. See ANSI S2.1-2000 ISO 2041 ford

35、efinitions of a general nature.3.1 amplitude, peak. Vibration peak amplitude isthe maximum value of a simple linear sinusoidalvibratory motion. Peak amplitude 5 zero-to-peakamplitude 5 single amplitude 5 the maximum am-plitude of one-half of a sine wave.3.2 environmental vibration. Vibration, which

36、isimposed on equipment that is installed shipboardcaused by the hydrodynamic forces on the propel-ler blades and the hull.3.3 equipment. The term equipment, when usedin this standard, refers to any machine, system,subsystem, or part thereof, which is being tested todetermine compliance with the vibr

37、ation accep-tance criteria.3.4 hull mounted equipment. Any equipmentthat is mounted directly, or indirectly through useof a foundation, to hard ship structure such asshell, frames, tanks, bulkheads and decks.3.5 mast-mounted equipment. Any equipmentintended for installation on masts such as radarant

38、ennae.3.6 mounts and equipment mounting:3.6.1 resilient mounts. Supports of equipment inwhich the input dynamic forces are significantly at-tenuated at the output ends (machinery attach-ment points).3.6.2 distributed isolation material DIM . De-vices made from a ribbed rubber or similar materialwith

39、 elastic properties used to reduce vibration tothe equipment. DIM is typically manufactured insheet form which can be cut into sizes and shapesas required for particular loading and applications.It is used for the purpose of supporting the com-ponent and providing some vibration isolation be-tween t

40、he component and the support foundationor structure.3.6.3 resiliently mounted equipment. Equip-ment that is isolated from its supporting structureby resilient mounts.3.6.4 solidly mounted equipment. Equipmentthat is rigidly attached to the supporting structurewithout resilient mounts or distributed

41、isolation ma-terial.3.7 operation critical. Any equipment that is es-sential to the safety, mission and survivability of aship is operation critical. Conversely, any equip-ment or system which is not essential for thesafety, mission, or survivability of the ship is non-operational critical.3.8 recip

42、rocating machinery-mounted equip-ment. Any equipment that is mounted directly, orindirectly through use of a foundation, to recipro-cating machinery such as diesel engines or com-pressors.3.9 response prominence RP . A responseprominence is a local maximum in the transmissi-bility function of the eq

43、uipment being tested. Amoderate to rapid increase in transmissibility to thepeak followed by a moderate to rapid decrease intransmissibility with increasing frequency after thepeak suggests that a RP may exist in this region.Resonances constitute a subset of responseprominences.3.10 transmissibility

44、. Transmissibility is the non-dimensional ratio of the response amplitude insteady-state forced vibration to the excitation am-plitude. The ratio may be one of forces, displace-ments, velocities or accelerations.4 basis of acceptabilityAcceptability is contingent upon the ability of theequipment to

45、perform its function(s) during and af-ter the tests specified in this standard. Minor dam-age or distortion will be permitted during the test-ing provided that such damage or distortion doesnot in any way impair the ability of the equipmentto function. Because the types of equipment cov-ered by this

46、 standard are numerous, a definite de-marcation between major and minor failures can-not be specified, and decisions must necessarilybe left to the judgment of the test engineer or au-thorized representative of the party concerned. Ingeneral, a major failure is one that would causemalfunction of the

47、 equipment. Non-repetitive fail-ures of such parts as soldered joints and compo-nents on circuit boards, which can easily be re-placed or repaired, are generally considered minorfailures. As such, the repair could be made and thetest continued with no negative effect on the re-mainder of the equipme

48、nt. However, repetitive fail-ure of such components should be considered asa basis for non-acceptability.NOTE Sometimes the intended use of the equip-ment will determine the category of damage; for ex-ample, damage to a part in an illuminating circuit maybe considered minor. The same damage in a con

49、trolANSI S2.26-20012 2001 Acoustical Society of Americacircuit may be major. Ultimately the purchaser shallbe responsible for determining what constitutes ma-jor and minor damage. Failures of the same kind,such as welds or fuses, indicate that there is a prob-lem with the quality control or design of the item. Forsuch a case, the purchaser shall evaluate if anothertest sample, randomly selected, should undergo vi-bration testing. The purpose of another test would beto ensure that the same problem is not representativeof equipment as manufactured.5 Test requirements and p