ANSI American Society of Safety Engineers Z9.10-2017 Fundamentals Governing the Design and Operation of Dilution Ventilation Systems in Industrial Occupancies.pdf

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1、AmericAn nAtionAl StAndArdANSI/ASSE Z9.10 2017Fundamentals Governing the Design and Operation of Dilution Ventilation Systems in Industrial OccupanciesAmericAn Society of SAfety engineerS4Casselogo-1200dpi_vector-1c-outline.pdf 1 1/20/2012 1:31:55 PMANSI/ASSE Z9.10 2017ANSI/ASSE Z9.10 2017The inform

2、ation and materials contained in this publication have been developed from sources believed to be reliable. However, the American Society of Safety Engineers (ASSE) as secretariat of the ANSI accredited Z9 Committee or individual committee members accept no legal responsibility for the correctness o

3、r completeness of this material or its application to specific factual situations. By publication of this standard, ASSE or the Z9 Committee does not ensure that adherence to these recommendations will protect the safety or health of any persons, or preserve property. ANSI ANSI/ASSE Z9.10 2017 Ameri

4、can National Standard Fundamentals Governing the Design and Operation of Dilution Ventilation Systems in Industrial Occupancies Secretariat American Society of Safety Engineers 520 N. Northwest Highway Park Ridge, Illinois 60068 Approved February 17, 2017 American National Standards Institute, Inc.

5、Approval of an American National Standard requires verification by ANSI that the requirements for due process, consensus and other criteria for approval have been met by the standards developer. Consensus is established when, in the judgment of the ANSI Board of Standards Review, substantial agreeme

6、nt has been reached by directly and materially affected interests. Substantial agreement means much more than a simple majority, but not necessarily unanimity. Consensus requires that all views and objections be considered, and that a concerted effort be made toward their resolution. The use of Amer

7、ican National Standards is completely voluntary; their existence does not in any respect preclude anyone, whether he/she has approved the standards or not, from manufacturing, marketing, purchasing, or using products, processes, or procedures not conforming to the standards. The American National St

8、andards Institute does not develop standards and will in no circumstance give an interpretation of any American National Standard. Moreover, no person shall have the right or authority to issue an interpretation of an American National Standard in the name of the American National Standards Institut

9、e. Requests for interpretation should be addressed to the secretariat or sponsor whose name appears on the title page of this standard. Caution Notice: This American National Standard may be revised or withdrawn at any time. The procedures of the American National Standards Institute require that ac

10、tion be taken periodically to reaffirm, revise, or withdraw this standard. Purchasers of American National Standards may receive current information on all standards by calling or writing the American National Standards Institute. Published March 2017 American Society of Safety Engineers 520 N. Nort

11、hwest Highway Park Ridge, Illinois 60068 (847) 699-2929 www.asse.org Copyright 2017 by American Society of Safety Engineers All Rights Reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form, in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publ

12、isher. Printed in the United States of America American National Standard Foreword (This Foreword is not a part of American National Standard Z9.10-2017.) This standard describes fundamental good practices related to the commissioning, design, selection, installation, operation, maintenance and test

13、ing of dilution ventilation (DV) or general exhaust ventilation (GEV) systems used for the control of employee exposure to airborne contaminants. It is intended for use by individuals who have involvement in the design, installation, operation and maintenance of DV/GEV system; such individuals may i

14、nclude owners, employers, industrial hygienists, safety professionals, facility engineers, maintenance personnel, testing and balancing personnel, ventilation system designers and others with responsibility for such systems. It is thought to be compatible with related and recognized standards of goo

15、d practice. Where incompatibilities are found, use the more stringent or more correct version. General Coverage. The standard describes recommended practices for the management, operation, testing and maintenance of dilution ventilation systems used for control of employee exposures to airborne cont

16、aminants, alone or in conjunction with local exhaust ventilation systems. The standard covers industrial employee occupancies such as foundry operations, semiconductor manufacturing facilities, welding operations and any other industrial process where employees are present. Format. The standard is p

17、resented in a two-column format. The left column presents the requirements of the standard; the right column provides clarification and explanation of the requirements plus “how to comply“ information. The Appendix provides supplementary information by standard section number. The letter “(A)“ at th

18、e end of a section or paragraph designates an Appendix entry for that section or paragraph. Standard requirements should be considered minimum criteria and can be adapted to the needs of the user establishment. Demonstrably equal or better approaches are acceptable. When deviating from the standard,

19、 documentation should be provided. The standard is auditable by those trained in the OH Air Balancing. The AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD Z9.10-2017 9 proportioning of airflows within a duct or air distribution system according to specified design criteria. Normally associated with testing and adjustmen

20、t of duct airflow controls (e.g., dampers) to assure proper distribution of dilution air. 3.6 Code of Jurisdiction. Codes, standards and rules that apply to the DV equipment in the locale employed. 3.7 Commissioning. A process or plan in which a dilution ventilation systems performance is identified

21、, verified and documented before, during and after design, construction or remodeling. This helps assure proper operation and compliance with codes, standards and user intentions. Commissioning begins during the design process. System acceptance tests end when tests and demonstrations verify that th

22、e system operates as intended. A commissioning agent is often used to administer the commissioning process which, in turn, is tailored to the needs of the system. It is a process that typically continues throughout the life of the system. 3.8 Commissioning Plan. Documentation that defines the commis

23、sioning process. 3.9 Contaminant; Air Contaminant. A substance (dust, fume, fiber, ultrafine particle, nanoparticle, mist, vapor, gas) whose presence in air is harmful, hazardous, toxic, irritating or creates a nuisance. 3.10 Demand Dilution Ventilation (DDV). Industrial dilution ventilation systems

24、 equipped with a control system that continuously monitors an airborne contam-inant and modulates fans, dampers, etc., to adjust dilution air volumes (or exhaust air volumes), based on measured contaminant concentrations. For example, carbon monoxide sensors used to turn on dilution ventilation fans

25、 in an automobile repair facility when CO concentrations exceed some user set point. The abbreviated term “DDV” is unique to this standard and does AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD Z9.10-2017 10 not relate to the use of similar terms elsewhere. 3.11 Design. The process that includes characterizing the int

26、eractions between emissions, workers and the air; determining appropriate air flowrates, static pressures and other operational parameters; and specifying equipment and system components. Design also recognizes the interaction of proposed equipment with installed or future environmental systems. 3.1

27、2 Designer. Person charged with designing a DV system; typical designers include mechanical and industrial hygiene engineers. 3.13 Dilution, Dilution Ventilation, DV, Dilution and Removal Ventilation, Venti-lation, General Exhaust Ventilation, GEV. Use of uncontaminated (generally considered to be o

28、utdoor) air to thoroughly mix with actual or potentially contaminated air to reduce airborne concentrations of contaminants to an acceptable concen-tration. Air contaminants thus leave the work environment in exhausted dilution air. All supply air systems provide dilution ventilation when they conta

29、in a component of fresh, outdoor air of acceptable quality. A dilution ventilation system typically consists of air supply and exhaust systems with appropriate control equipment. Dilution air should normally be exhausted to the outside of the building in a manner that does not result in significant

30、re-entrainment or exposure to those in the exhaust vicinity. 3.14 Dilution Air, Outdoor Air; OA. Acceptably clean air ultimately responsible for dilution purposes which originates normally from outside the building; air that has a lower concentration of the contaminant to be diluted and removed. Sim

31、ilar terms include: Intake air, fresh air, makeup air, outside air, outdoor air and OSA. Outdoor air is used (1) to replace air that is exhausted to outside the building or occupied space, and/or (2) to dilute indoor contaminated air. Dilution air may also AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD Z9.10-2017 11 in

32、clude acceptably clean indoor air sources, such as air taken from a warehouse or hallway that has access to an outdoor air source. It might also include return air that has been cleaned to outdoor air quality, but this is rarely a cost-effective approach. Sometimes outdoor air is mixed with recircul

33、ated or return air, and the mix is used to enhance mixing in the space to be diluted. 3.15 Dilution Ventilation Intake, Outdoor Air Intake. The equipment and location of the air inlet to the dilution ventilation system. 3.16 Dilution Ventilation System, Ventilation System, the System, DV System. The

34、 dilution ventilation system, its equipment and components. A dilution ventilation system typically consists of the air supply equipment and the general exhaust equipment. (A3.16) 3.17 Displacement Ventilation; Plug-Flow. Air contaminant control where air is induced to move as a body in one directio

35、n. For example, cold air introduced at the floor level that rises to exhaust grilles in the ceiling. In displacement ventilation, mixing of contaminants in the air is discouraged. 3.18 Document; To Document; Documentation. The formal process of planning and recording decisions made by the user or ot

36、her relevant individuals. Also may include the written procedures developed for operating, testing and maintaining a dilution ventilation system. 3.19 Ducts; Ductwork. Normally, elongated rigid or flexible enclosures, pipes or tubes used to convey air, pressure and entrained contaminants from one lo

37、cation to another. In this standard, it can also mean plenums, mixing boxes and any enclosed path taken by the air in the dilution ventilation system, not to include the occupied space. AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD Z9.10-2017 12 3.20 Environmental Systems. Environ-mental systems are dilution ventilati

38、on systems designed and installed to comply with EPA environmental regulations that generally pertain to control of emissions from a process or building. 3.21 Fan. Mechanical device used to provide static pressure and move air. 3.22 General Exhaust Ventilation, GEV. See Dilution. 3.23 Health Mainten

39、ance. Maintaining homeostasis of employees thus promoting health and well-being; maintaining normally healthy conditions. Comfort is considered a component of good mental and physical health and is also desirable because it influences productivity and performance. 3.24 HVAC System. Heating, ventilat

40、ing and air conditioning system. Generic term for ventilation systems providing both thermal comfort and minimal dilution ventilation for dilution and removal of air contaminants, especially bio-effluents, in non-industrial applications. 3.25 IH; Industrial Hygiene. The profession devoted to the ant

41、icipation, recognition, evaluation and control of employee exposures to airborne contaminants. More broadly, the science and art devoted to forestalling, anticipating, recognizing, evaluating and controlling hazards and stressors in the workplace which may cause illness, injury or discomfort. 3.26 I

42、ndustrial Occupancy. An employee- occupied location where industrial operations and production processes are carried out. Examples include a foundry floor, wood shop, welding operations and factory production floor. It is an employee-occupied location where primary air contaminants are generated by

43、industrial processes. Alternately, it is defined by cognizant government agencies (e.g., OSHA) as an industrial operation and AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD Z9.10-2017 13 regulated by industrial regulations and standards (see also Non-Industrial Occupancy). 3.27 LEV; Local Exhaust Ventilation. Ventilati

44、on approach used to capture, control, contain, receive and/or remove air contaminants at the source of generation. 3.28 Makeup Air, Replacement Air. Outdoor or acceptably clean air supplied to replace dilution air and then exhausted from the space or building. (See also Supply Air and Tramp Air for

45、more information.) Makeup air commonly refers to building ventilation while replacement air refers to air replaced as part of the industrial process, but overlap occurs in usage. 3.29 MERV. Minimum efficiency rating value for filters as established originally by ASHRAE 52.2. Testing protocol for air

46、 filters. 3.30 Non-Industrial Occupancy. An employee-occupied location or space where industrial operations and production processes are not carried out. Examples include offices, conference rooms, cafe-terias, break rooms, multipurpose rooms and any location where primary air contaminants are gener

47、ated by non-industrial sources (e.g., humans, building materials such as carpets, outdoor sources such as smoke or herbicides, natural sources such as mold spores and pollen, tobacco smoking). 3.31 Occupational Exposure Limit (OEL). A (typically time-weighted average) concentration of a contaminant

48、in air not to be exceeded in the breathing zone of employees and based on recognized standards, regulations or chemical manu-facturers guidelines. Typical OELs include: Permissible Exposure Limit (PEL, OSHA), Workplace Environmental Exposure Level (WEEL, AIHA), Recommended Exposure Limit (REL, NIOSH

49、), Threshold Limit Value (TLV, ACGIH) and published Derived No-AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD Z9.10-2017 14 Effect Level (DNEL, REACH). 3.32 Occupied Space, Occupied Industrial Space. Indoor industrial space where employees are located and designed for normal occupancy. 3.33 Periodic. Performing a task at a time interval suitable for maintaining the dilution ventilation system or equipment in acceptable working condition to assure proper employee exposure control. 3.34 Pressurization. Technique using pressure differentials to induce airflow in an intended direction. May be achi