ARINC 760-1-2000 GNSS Navigation Unit (GNU)《GNSS航海系统》.pdf

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1、GNSS NAVIGATION UNIT (GNU)ARINC CHARACTERISTIC 760-1PUBLISHED: March 20, 2000AN DOCUMENTPrepared byAIRLINES ELECTRONIC ENGINEERING COMMITTEEPublished byAERONAUTICAL RADIO, INC.2551 RIVA ROAD, ANNAPOLIS, MARYLAND 21401This document is based on material submitted by variousparticipants during the draf

2、ting process. Neither AEEC norARINC has made any determination whether these materialscould be subject to valid claims of patent, copyright or otherproprietary rights by third parties, and no representation orwarranty, express or implied, is made in this regard. Any use ofor reliance on this documen

3、t shall constitute an acceptancethereof “as is” and be subject to this disclaimer.Copyright 2000 byAERONAUTICAL RADIO, INC.2551 Riva RoadAnnapolis, Maryland 24101-7465 USAARINC CHARACTERISTIC 760-1 GNSS NAVIGATION UNIT (GNU)Published: March 20 2000Prepared by the Airlines Electronic Engineering Comm

4、itteeCharacteristic 760 Adopted by the Airlines Electronic Engineering Committee: October 23, 1996Characteristic 760 Adopted by the Industry: December 23, 1996Summary of Document SupplementsSupplement Adoption Date PublishedCharacteristic 760-1 September 21, 1999 March 20, 2000FOREWORDActivities of

5、AERONAUTICAL RADIO, INC. (ARINC)and thePurpose of ARINC CharacteristicsAeronautical Radio, Inc. is a corporation in which the United States scheduled airlines are theprincipal stockholders. Other stockholders include a variety of other air transport companies, aircraftmanufacturers and non-U.S. airl

6、ines.Activities of ARINC include the operation of an extensive system of domestic and overseasaeronautical land radio stations, the fulfillment of systems requirements to accomplish ground andairborne compatibility, the allocation and assignment of frequencies to meet those needs, thecoordination in

7、cident to standard airborne compatibility, the allocation and assignment of frequenciesto meet those needs, the coordination incident to standard airborne communications and electronicssystems and the exchange of technical information. ARINC sponsors the Airlines ElectronicEngineering Committee (AEE

8、C), composed of airline technical personnel. The AEEC formulatesstandards for electronic equipment and systems for the airlines. The establishment of EquipmentCharacteristics is a principal function of this Committee.An ARINC Equipment Characteristic is finalized after investigation and coordination

9、 with theairlines who have a requirement or anticipate a requirement, with other aircraft operators, with theMilitary services having similar requirements, and with the equipment manufacturers. It is released asan ARINC Equipment Characteristic only when the interested airline companies are in gener

10、alagreement. Such a release does not commit any airline or ARINC to purchase equipment so describednor does it establish or indicate recognition of the existence of an operational requirement for suchequipment, not does it constitute endorsement of any manufacturers product designed or built to meet

11、the Characteristic. An ARINC Characteristic has a twofold purpose, which is:(1) To indicate to the prospective manufacturers of airline electronic equipment theconsidered opinion of the airline technical people, coordinated on an industry basis,concerning requisites of new equipment, and(2) To chann

12、el new equipment designs in a direction which can result in the maximumpossible standardization of those physical and electrical characteristics which influenceinterchangeability of equipment without seriously hampering engineering initiative.iiARINC CHARACTERISTIC 760TABLE OF CONTENTSITEM SUBJECT P

13、AGE1.0 INTRODUCTION AND DESCRIPTION 11.1 Purpose and Scope 11.2 Relationship to Other Documents 11.3 Functional Overview 11.4 System Description 11.4.1 GNSS Function 11.4.2 Navigator Functions 21.4.3 Maintenance Functions 21.4.4 GNSS Navigation Unit 21.4.5 GNU Control and Display 21.4.6 Antenna 21.5

14、 Interchangeability 21.5.1 General 21.5.2 Interchangeability Desired for the GNU 21.5.3 “Generation Interchangeability” Considerations 31.5.4 Modularity 31.6 Regulatory Approval 31.7 Integrity and Availability 31.8 Reliability 31.9 Testability and Maintainability 31.10 Flight Simulators 32.0 INTERCH

15、ANGEABILITY STANDARDS 52.1 Introduction 52.2 Form Factors, Connectors and Index Pin Coding 52.2.1 GNU 52.2.2 MCDU 52.2.3 GNSS Antenna 52.3 Standard Interwiring 52.4 Power Circuitry 52.4.1 Primary Power Input 52.4.2 Power Control Circuitry 62.4.3 The AC Common Cold 62.4.4 The Common Ground 62.4.5 Bat

16、teries 62.5 Standardized Signaling 62.5.1 General Accuracy and Operating Ranges 62.5.2 Resolution 62.5.3 ARINC 429 Data Bus 72.5.4 Standard “Open” 72.5.5 Standard “Ground” 72.5.6 Standard “Applied Voltage” Output 72.5.7 Standard Discrete Input 72.5.8 Standard Discrete Output 72.5.9 Ethernet Interfac

17、e 82.5.10 Standard Annunciators 82.6 Environmental Conditions 82.7 Cooling 82.8 Weights 82.9 Grounding and Bonding 83.0 SYSTEM DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS 93.1 System Configurations 93.1.1 Single System - Configuration A 93.1.2 Single System/Dual MCDU - Configuration B 93.1.3 Dual System - Configuration C

18、 93.1.4 Other Configurations 93.2 Certification Design 93.2.1 Partitioning Considerations 93.2.2 Operational Functional Independence 103.2.3 Unit Identification Considerations 103.3 System Response to Power Interrupts 103.4 Flight Management System Accuracy and Performance 113.4.1 Accuracy 11iiiARIN

19、C CHARACTERISTIC 760TABLE OF CONTENTS ( contd)ITEM SUBJECT PAGE3.4.2 Response Time Standards 113.5 Dual System Design Considerations 113.6 Modularity 113.7 Configuration Data 114.0 FLIGHT MANAGEMENT FUNCTION 134.1 Introduction 134.2 Functional Initialization and Activation 134.2.1 Navigation Initial

20、ization 134.2.1.1 IRS Initialization 134.2.1.2 IRS Heading Set 134.2.1.3 GNSS Initialization 134.2.2 Flight Plan Initialization and Activation 134.2.3 Predictions Initialization 134.2.4 Lateral and Vertical Navigation Activation 134.2.5 Use of Data Link for Function Initialization 134.3 Functional D

21、escription 134.3.1 Navigation 134.3.1.1 Multi-Sensor Naviga tion 134.3.1.2 Navigation Modes 134.3.1.3 RNP-Based Navigation 134.3.1.3.1 RNP Determination 134.3.1.3.1.1 Manually Selected RNP Values 134.3.1.3.1.2 Navigation Data Base Procedure RNP Values 134.3.1.3.1.3 Stored Default Values 134.3.1.3.2

22、Determination of Navigation System Performance 134.3.1.3.3 Navigation Alerting and Display 134.3.1.4 Navaid Data 134.3.1.5 Crew Controlled Navigation Options 134.3.1.6 VHF Radio Tuning 134.3.1.6.1 Automatic Station Selection 134.3.1.6.2 Navaid Reasonableness Determination 134.3.1.7 Real Time Clock 1

23、34.3.2 Flight Planning 144.3.2.1 Flight Plan States 144.3.2.2 Navigation Data Base 144.3.2.3 Supplemental and Temporary NDB Creation and Management 144.3.2.3.1 Point Bearing/Distance (PBD) Waypoints 144.3.2.3.2 PB/PB Waypoints 144.3.2.3.3 ATO Waypoints 144.3.2.3.4 Latitude/Longitude (Lat/Lon) Waypoi

24、nts 144.3.2.3.5 Lat/Lon Crossing Waypoints 144.3.2.3.6 Intersection of Airways 144.3.2.3.7 Fix Waypoints 144.3.2.3.8 Runway Extension Waypoints 144.3.2.3.9 Abeam Waypoints 144.3.2.3.10 Flight Information Region/Special Use Airspace (FIR/SUA) Intersection Waypoints 144.3.2.4 Lateral Flight Planning 1

25、44.3.2.4.1 Flight Plan Construction 144.3.2.4.2 NDB Procedures 144.3.2.4.3 Flight Plan Editing 144.3.2.4.3.1 Direct/Intercept 144.3.2.4.3.2 Entry of Waypoints 144.3.2.4.3.3 Flight Plan Linking 144.3.2.4.3.4 Flight Plan Delete 144.3.2.4.3.5 Procedure Se lection 144.3.2.4.3.6 Holding Patterns and Proc

26、edure Turns 144.3.2.4.3.7 Flight Plan Editing Using Data Link 144.3.2.4.3.8 Flight Plan Editing Using a Pointing Device 144.3.2.4.4 Flight Planning Support for ATM 144.3.2.4.5 Missed App roach Procedures 144.3.2.4.6 Lateral Offset Construction 144.3.2.5 Vertical Flight Planning 14ivARINC CHARACTERIS

27、TIC 760TABLE OF CONTENTS ( contd)ITEM SUBJECT PAGE4.3.2.5.1 Wind and Atmospheric Model 154.3.3 Lateral and Vertical Navigation 154.3.3.1 Lateral Navigation 154.3.3.1.1 Lateral Reference Path Construction 154.3.3.1.2 Lateral Leg Transitions 154.3.3.1.3 Special Lateral Path Construction 154.3.3.1.4 Au

28、topilot Roll Command 154.3.3.1.5 Lateral Path Referen ce Displays 154.3.3.1.6 Lateral Capture Path Construction 154.3.3.1.7 Localizer/Microwave Landing System (MLS) Capture 154.3.3.2 Vertical Navigation 154.3.3.2.1 Trajectory Predictions 154.3.3.2.2 Vertical Guidance 154.3.3.2.2.1 Climb Phase Operat

29、ion 154.3.3.2.2.2 Cruise Phase Operation 154.3.3.2.2.3 Descent Phase Operation 164.3.3.2.2.4 Selected Altitude Compliance 164.3.3.2.2.5 Altimeter Barometric Correction for Terminal Area Operations 164.3.3.2.2.6 Speed and Altitude Restrictions 164.3.3.2.2.7 Aircraft Weight Estimation 164.3.3.2.3 Requ

30、ired Time of Arrival (RTA) 174.3.3.3 Three-Dimensional Area Navigation (RNAV) Approach 174.3.3.4 Lateral-Only Navigation Systems 174.3.4 Performance Calculations 174.3.5 Printer Functions 174.3.6 AOC Function 174.3.7 CNS/ATM Functions 174.3.7.1 CNS/ATM Data Links 174.3.7.1.1 CNS/ATM Functions using

31、ACARS 174.3.7.1.2 CNS/ATM Functions using ARINC Specification 622 174.3.7.1.3 Aeronautical Telecommunications Network (ATN) 174.3.7.1.4 Broadcast Data Links 174.3.7.1.5 Mode-S Services 174.3.7.2 CNS/ATM Applications 174.3.7.2.1 ATC Log On 174.3.7.2.2 Controller/Pilot Data Link Communication (CPDLC)

32、174.3.7.2.2.1 Crew Interface and Operation 174.3.7.2.2.2 Flight Plan Autoland 174.3.7.2.3 Automatic Dependent Surveillance (ADS) 174.3.7.2.4 Position/Intent Broadcast (ADS-B) 174.3.7.3 ATM Functions to Support Free Flight 174.3.7.4 ACAS Interface 174.3.8 Airport Surface Guidance 174.3.9 Terrain and

33、Obstacle Data 174.3.10 Navigation Display Interface 174.3.11 CMU Interface 174.3.12 Predictive RAIM 184.3.13 Approach Navigation Data Base Exchange 184.3.14 Integrity Monitoring and Alerting 184.3.14.1 Sensor Status 184.3.14.2 System Status Alert 184.3.14.3 Self Test 184.3.14.4 Failure Response 184.

34、4 Training Simulator Support Functions 185.0 GNSS SENSOR FUNCTION 195.1 Description 195.2 General System Capabilities 195.2.1 Sensor Inputs 195.2.2 Sensor RF Interface 19vARINC CHARACTERISTIC 760TABLE OF CONTENTS ( contd)ITEM SUBJECT PAGE6.0 PRECISION LANDING FUNCTION (BLANK SECTION) 207.0 VHF NAVIG

35、ATION FUNCTION (BLANK SECTION) 218.0 AIRCRAFT PERSONALITY MODULE DATA 228.1 General Requirements 228.2 APM 228.3 APM Data 229.0 GNU CONTROL AND DISPLAY UNIT INTERFACE 239.1 General 239.2 Standby Navigation 239.3 Self Test 239.4 MCDU Annunciators 239.5 MCDU Alerting 239.6 MCDU Color and Font Usage 23

36、10.0 ANTENNAS 2410.1 General Requirements 2411.0 STANDARD INTERFACES 2511.1 General 2511.2 Digital Data Input Ports 2511.2.1 DME Input Ports 2511.2.2 Air Data Input Ports 2511.2.3 IRS/AHRS Input Ports 2511.2.4 ARINC 561 Position Input 2511.2.5 GNSS Input Ports 2511.2.6 External LAAS Receiver Input P

37、orts 2511.2.7 Communication Management Unit Data Link Input Ports 2511.2.8 EFIS Input Ports 2511.2.9 Automatic Flight Control System (AFCS) Bus Input Ports 2511.2.10 Fuel Quantity Input Ports 2511.2.11 MCDU Input Ports 2511.2.12 Data Loader Input Ports 2511.2.13 Maintenance System Input Ports 2611.2

38、.14 Printer Input Ports 2611.2.15 Clock Input Ports 2611.2.16 Simulator Input Ports 2611.2.17 ACAS Input 2611.2.18 Spare ARINC 429 Input Ports 2611.3 Digital Data Output Ports 2611.3.1 EFIS Display Output Ports 2611.3.2 FMC General Bus Output Ports 2611.3.3 GNSS Output Ports 2611.3.4 ACAS/ADS-B Outp

39、ut Ports 2611.3.5 Communication Management Unit Data Link Output Ports 2611.3.6 ARINC 561 HSI Output 2611.3.7 ARINC 568 Distance Output 2611.3.8 MCDU Output Ports 2611.3.9 Data Loader Output Ports 2611.3.10 Maintenance System Output Ports 2611.3.11 Printer Output Ports 2611.3.12 Flight Test Output P

40、orts 2611.3.13 Simulator Output Ports 2611.3.14 Spare ARINC 429 Output Ports 2711.4 Discrete Inputs 2711.4.1 Standard Discrete Inputs 2711.4.1.1 Functional Test Discrete 2711.4.1.2 Data Load Enable Discrete 2711.4.1.3 Simulator Program Pin 2711.4.1.4 TOGA Input Discrete 2711.4.1.5 SDI Discretes 2711

41、.4.1.6 Spare Input Discretes 27viARINC CHARACTERISTIC 760TABLE OF CONTENTS ( contd)ITEM SUBJECT PAGE11.4.1.7 True Airspeed (TAS) Valid Signal Discrete 2711.4.1.8 Altitude Valid Signal Discrete 2711.4.1.9 Heading Valid Discrete 2711.4.1.10 Pitch-Roll Warning Discrete 2711.4.1.11 INS Flag Input 2711.4

42、.1.12 Air/Ground Input Discrete 2711.4.1.13 Mag/True Input Discrete 2711.4.1.14 Auto/Manual Radio Tuning Input Discretes 2711.4.2 Non-Standard Discrete Inputs 2711.4.2.1 GNSS Time Mark Input 2811.4.3 Manufacturer-Reserved Discrete Inputs 2811.5 Discrete Outputs 2811.5.1 Standard Discrete Outputs 281

43、1.5.1.1 GNU Fail Discrete 2811.5.1.2 Spare Output Discretes 2811.5.2 Standard Annunciator Outputs 2811.5.2.1 Message Alert 2811.5.2.2 RAIM Alert 2811.5.2.3 Differential GPS (DGPS) Mode 2811.5.2.4 GPS Approach Active 2811.5.2.5 GPS Approach Arm 2811.5.2.6 Reserved for Offset 2811.5.2.7 Spare Annuncia

44、tors 2811.5.3 Non-Standard Discrete Outputs 2811.5.3.1 GNSS Time Mark Output 2811.5.3.2 Roll Steering Valid 2811.5.3.3 Cross Track Deviation Valid 2811.5.3.4 Pitch Steering Valid 2811.5.3.5 Vertical Deviation Valid 2811.5.3.6 Leg Change Alert 2811.5.3.7 HSI Lateral Data Valid 2811.5.3.8 Waypoint Pas

45、sage Alert 2811.6 Intersystem Bus 2811.7 Ethernet Interface 2811.8 Reserved ATE Ports 2911.9 GNU Analog Inputs 2911.9.1 True Air Speed Synchro Input 2911.9.2 True Air Speed DC Input 2911.9.3 Pitch Angle Synchro Input 2911.9.4 Roll Angle Synchro Input 2911.9.5 Heading Synchro Input 2911.9.6 Altitude

46、Synchro Inputs 2911.9.7 Flap Position Input 2911.9.8 Fuel Inputs 2911.9.9 Barometric Correction Inputs 2911.9.10 26 VAC References 2911.9 10.1 Air Data Computer 26 VAC Reference 2911.9.10.2 Pitch/Roll 26 VAC Reference 2911.9.10.3 Heading 26 VAC Reference 2911.9.10.4 Flap Position 26 VAC Reference 29

47、11.10 GNU Analog Outputs 2911.10.1 ARINC 547/578 Outputs 2911.10.1.1 Cross Track (XTK) Deviation Output 3011.10.1.2 TO/FROM Indicator Output 3011.10.1.3 Vertical Track (VTK) Deviation Output 3011.10.2 HSI Synchro Outputs 3011.10.2.1 HSI Card Synchro Output 3011.10.2.1.1 True Heading (TH) 3011.10.2.1

48、.2 Track Angle (TK) 3011.10.2.2 HSI Bug Synchro Output 3011.10.2.2.1 Track Angle Error (TKE) 3011.10.2.2.2 Drift Angle (DA) 3011.10.2.3 HSI Course Indicator Synchro Output 3111.10.2.3.1 Desired Track Angle (DTK) 31viiARINC CHARACTERISTIC 760TABLE OF CONTENTS ( contd)ITEM SUBJECT PAGE11.10.2.3.2 Trac

49、k Angle Error Plus Drift Angle (TKE+DA) 3111.10.3 Steer Synchro Outputs 3111.10.3.1 Roll Steering 3111.10.3.2 Pitch Steering 3111.10.4 26 VAC References 3111.10.4.1 Instrument 26 VAC Reference 3111.10.4.2 Steer 26 VAC Reference 3111.11 GNU RF Interfaces 3111.11.1 Primary RF Interface 3111.11.2 Spare RF Interface 3211.12 Aircraft Personality Module 3211.13 Front Panel Data Load Connector 3212.0 ELECTRONIC FLIGHT INSTRUMENT SYSTEM INTERFACE 3312.1 General 3313.0 COMMUNICATIONS MANAGEMENT UNIT INTERFACE 3413.1 General 3414.0 DATA BASE STORAGE CONSIDERATIONS 3514.1 Introduction 3514.2 Nav