AATCC 8-2005 Colorfastness to Crocking AATCC Crockmeter Method《耐摩擦色牢度.AATCC摩擦器法》.pdf

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1、 AATCC takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentioned in this test method. Users of this test method are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the risk of infringement of such rights, are ent

2、irely their own responsibility. This test method is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years and if not revised, either reaffirmed or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this test method or for additional met

3、hods and should be addressed to the AATCC Technical Center. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of the responsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing, you should make your views known to Amy G. Hammonds

4、, Laboratory Director, at the address shown below. This test method is copyrighted by AATCC, PO Box 12215, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709 USA. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this method may be obtained by contacting AATCC at the above address or tel: 919-549-3526; fax: 919-549-

5、8933, or e-mail: ordersaatcc.org. AATCC License Agreement: This test method is copyrighted by the American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists (AATCC), PO Box 12215, 1 Davis Drive, Research Triangle Park, NC USA. All rights reserved. AATCC grants you a license as follows: The right to down

6、load an electronic file of this AATCC test method for temporary storage on one computer for purposes of viewing, and/or printing one copy of the AATCC test method for individual use. Neither the electronic file nor the hard copy print may be reproduced in any way. In addition, the electronic file ma

7、y not be distributed elsewhere over computer networks or otherwise. The hard copy print may only be distributed to other employees for their internal use within your organization. This test method is not for resale. Copyright The American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists Provided by IHS

8、 under license with AATCC Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-dures and are not intended to be all inclu-sive. It is the users responsibility to usesafe and proper techniques in handlingmaterials in this test method. Manufac-turers MUST be consulted for

9、 specificdetails such as material safety data sheetsand other manufacturers recommenda-tions. All OSHA standards and rulesmust also be consulted and followed.4.1 Good laboratory practices shouldbe followed. Wear safety glasses in alllaboratory areas.5. Apparatus and Materials5.1 AATCC Crockmeter (se

10、e 13.2,AATCC Test Method 8-2005TCC Crockmeter MethodCopyright The American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists Provided by IHS under license with AATCC Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHSDeveloped in 1936 by AATCC Commit-tee RA38; revised 1937, 19

11、52, 1957,1961, 1969, 1972, 1985, 1988, 1996,2004, 2005; reaffirmed 1945; 1989; edi-torially revised and reaffirmed 1968,1974, 1977, 1981, 1995, 2001; editori-ally revised 1986, 2002. Partly equiva-lent to ISO 105-X12.1. Purpose and Scope1.1 This test method is designed to de-termine the amount of co

12、lor transferredfrom the surface of colored textile materi-als to other surfaces by rubbing. It is ap-plicable to textiles made from all fibers inthe form of yarn or fabric whether dyed,printed or otherwise colored. It is not rec-ommended for use for carpets or forprints where the singling out of are

13、as maybe too small using this method.1.2 Test procedures employing whitetest cloth squares, both dry and wet withwater, are given.1.3 As washing, drycleaning, shrink-age, ironing, finishing, etc., may affectthe degree of color transfer from a mate-rial, the test may be made before, after, orbefore a

14、nd after any such treatment.2. Principle2.1 A colored test specimen is rubbedwith white crock test cloth under con-trolled conditions.2.2 Color transferred to the white testcloth is assessed by a comparison withthe Gray Scale for Staining or the Chro-matic Transference Scale and a grade isassigned.3

15、. Terminology3.1 colorfastness, n.the resistance ofa material to change in any of its colorcharacteristics, to transfer of its color-ant(s) to adjacent materials, or both, as aresult of the exposure of the material toany environment that might be encoun-tered during the processing, testing, stor-age

16、 or use of the material.3.2 crocking, n.a transfer of color-ant from the surface of a colored yarn orfabric to another surface or to an adjacentarea of the same fabric principally byrubbing.4. Safety PrecautionsColorfastness to Crocking: AAAATCC Technical Manual/2006NOTE: These safety precautions ar

17、efor information purposes only. The pre-cautions are ancillary to the testing proce-13.3 and Fig. 1).5.2 Test Cloth, cut in 50 mm squares(see 13.4).5.3 AATCC Chromatic TransferenceScale (see 13.5).5.4 Gray Scale for Staining (see 13.5).5.5 White AATCC Textile BlottingPaper (see 13.5).5.6 Specimen Ho

18、lder for Crockmeter(see 13.3).6. Verification6.1 Verification checks on the opera-tion of the test and the apparatus shouldbe made routinely and the results kept ina log. The following observations andcorrective actions are extremely impor-tant to avoid incorrect test results whereabnormal crock ima

19、ges can result and in-fluence the rating process.6.2 Use an in-house poor crocking fab-ric as a calibration specimen and conductthree dry crock tests.Fig. 1Crockmeter.6.2.1 A poor circular image with un-even dye pick-up may indicate the crock-ing finger needs resurfacing (see 13.6).6.2.2 A double, e

20、longated image mayindicate a loose clip (see 13.6).6.2.3 A stretched and streaked crockimage may be due to mounting the crocksquare diagonally.6.2.4 Scuff marks to the sides of thespecimen indicate the loops to the wireclips are positioned downwards and arenot high enough to prevent rubbing thespeci

21、men surface.6.2.5 A streak in the center of the crockcloth image and in the direction of rub-bing may mean the top of the metal baseis warped and not flat. This will require abrace insert to square up the tester base.6.2.6 If specimen holders are used,place the holder over the specimen on thetester

22、base. Move the crocking finger onthe crocking arm to the most forward po-sition and observe whether it hits the in-side edge of the holder. If this occurs,move the holder slightly forward for alltests. Without correction, this problemwill cause a dark area on one side of thecrocking image.6.2.7 Conf

23、irm the wet pick-up tech-niques (see 9.2).6.2.8 Replace the abrasive paper on thetester base if it is smooth to the touch inthe crocking area compared to the adja-cent area, or if slippage of the specimenis noticed (see 13.7).6.2.9 In routine testing, observe if mul-tiple streaks are on the crocking

24、 image.Position specimen normally with the longdimension oblique to the warp and fill-ing. If the direction of rubbing falls alonga twill line or surface pattern, etc., thenstreaks may occur. If they do occur,slightly adjust the angle for testing.7. Test Specimens7.1 Two specimens are used, one each

25、for the dry and the wet tests.7.1.1 Additional specimens may beused to increase the precision of the aver-age (see 12.1).7.2 Cut specimens at least 50 130 mm(2.0 5.1 in.) and position for testing pref-erably with the long dimension oblique towarp and filling or wales and courses.7.2.1 Larger or full

26、 width lab samplesmay be used without cutting individualspecimens, when multiple tests areTM 8-2005 17needed and when using for productiontesting.7.3 Yarns. Knit a piece of fabric at least50 130 mm, or wind yarn tightly on a-,-,-suitable form at least 50 130 mm with over crocking square and weigh th

27、e wetsquare. Calculate wet pickup accordingto instructions in AATCC Methods 8 and116, Colorfastness to Crocking test meth-ods. If needed, adjust the amount of waterused to wet the square and using a newcrocking square, repeat steps. When 65 5% wet pickup is achieved, record theamount of water used.

28、Draw up the re-corded amount of water into the syringetube, graduated pipette or automatic pi-petter for each wet crocking performedTransference Scale.Grade 2.5color transfer equivalent toStep 2-3 on the Gray Scale for Staining orRow 2.5 on the 9-step AATCC Chro-matic Transference Scale.Grade 2color

29、 transfer equivalent toStep 2 on the Gray Scale for Staining orRow 2 on the 9-step AATCC ChromaticTransference Scale.Grade 1.5color transfer equivalent toStep 1-2 on the Gray Scale for Staining orRow 1.5 on the 9-step AATCC Chro-Copyright The American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists Pr

30、ovided by IHS under license with AATCC Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS18 TM 8-2005the yarn running in the long direction; orotherwise stretched (see 13.8).8. Conditioning8.1 Prior to testing, precondition andcondition the test specimens and thecrock squ

31、ares for crock testing as di-rected in ASTM D 1776, ConditioningTextiles for Testing. Condition each spec-imen for at least 4 h in an atmosphere of21 1C (70 2F) and 65 2% RH bylaying each test specimen or crock squareseparately on a screen or perforated shelfof conditioning rack.9. Procedures9.1 Dry

32、 Crocking Test.9.1.1 Place a test specimen on the baseof the Crockmeter resting flat on the abra-sive cloth with its long dimension in thedirection of rubbing (see 13.6 and 13.7).9.1.2 Place specimen holder over speci-men as an added means to preventslippage.9.1.3 Mount a white test cloth square,the

33、 weave parallel with the direction ofrubbing, over the end of the finger whichprojects downward from the weightedsliding arm. Use the special spiral wireclip to hold the test square in place. Posi-tion the clip with loops upward. If theloops point downward they can dragagainst the test specimen.9.1.

34、4 Lower the covered finger onto thetest specimen. Beginning with the fingerpositioned at the front end, crank themeter handle 10 complete turns at the rateof one turn per second to slide the coveredfinger back and forth 20 times. Set andrun the motorized tester for 10 completeturns. Refer to individ

35、ual specificationsfor any other required number of turns.9.1.5 Remove the white test clothsquare, condition (see 8.1) and evaluateas directed in Section 10. In the case ofnapped, brushed or sanded material whenloose fiber might interfere with the rating,remove the extraneous fibrous materialby press

36、ing lightly on the crock circlewith the sticky side of cellophane tapebefore evaluating.9.2 Wet Crocking Test.9.2.1 Establish technique (see 13.10)for preparing wet crock cloth squares byweighing a conditioned square, then thor-oughly wet out white testing square indistilled water. Prepare only one

37、square ata time.9.2.2 Weigh dry crock square. Using asyringe tube, graduated pipette or auto-matic pipetter, draw up water in mL to0.65 times weight of crocking square. Ifcrocking square weight equals 0.24 gm,the mL used would be 0.24 0.65 = 0.16mL. Lay crocking square on white plasticmesh over a di

38、sh. Apply water evenly-,-,-during the current day. Repeat this pro-cess each day.9.2.3 Avoid evaporative reduction ofthe moisture content below the specifiedlevel before the actual crock test is run.9.2.4 Continue as directed in 9.1.9.2.5 Air dry the white test square, thencondition (see 8.1) before

39、 evaluating. Inthe case of napped, brushed or sandedmaterial when loose fiber might interferewith the rating, remove the extraneousfibrous material by pressing lightly on thecrock circle with the sticky side of cello-phane tape before evaluating.10. Evaluation10.1 Rate the amount of color trans-ferr

40、ed from the specimen to the white testsquare under examination by means of theChromatic Transference Scale or the GrayScale for Staining (see 13.11 and 13.14).10.2 Back the test square with threelayers of white test cloth while evaluating.10.3 Rate dry and wet crocking fast-ness by means of the Gray

41、 Scale forStaining or the 9-step AATCC ChromaticTransference Scale. (Usage of thesescales is discussed in AATCC EvaluationProcedures 2, 3 and 8, respectively.)Grade 5negligible or no color transfer.Grade 4.5color transfer equivalent toStep 4-5 on the Gray Scale for Staining orRow 4.5 on the 9-step A

42、ATCC Chro-matic Transference Scale.Grade 4color transfer equivalent toStep 4 on the Gray Scale for Staining orRow 4 on the 9-step AATCC ChromaticTransference Scale.Grade 3.5color transfer equivalent toStep 3-4 on the Gray Scale for Staining orRow 3.5 on the 9-step AATCC Chro-matic Transference Scale

43、.Grade 3color transfer equivalent toStep 3 on the Gray Scale for Staining orRow 3 on the 9-step AATCC ChromaticTable IComponents of VTestScale ChromaticSingle Operator/RaterWithin LaboratoryBetween Laboratory0.200.200.10AATCC Technical Manual/2006matic Transference Scale.Grade 1color transfer equiva

44、lent toStep 1 on the Gray Scale for Staining orRow 1 on the 9-step AATCC ChromaticTransference Scale.10.4 Average individual results to thenearest 0.1 grade when multiple speci-mens are tested or when a panel of evalu-ators rate color transfer.11. Report11.1 State whether dry or wet crockingtest.11.

45、2 Report the grade determined in 10.3.11.3 Report the grade determined in10.4 to the nearest 0.1 grade.11.4 State whether Gray Scale forStaining or Chromatic TransferenceScale was used for evaluating staining(see 13.5, 13.9).11.5 If any pretreatment or aftertreat-ment was given to any specimens (see

46、1.3) indicate method of treatment.12. Precision and Bias12.1 Precision. An interlaboratory testwas conducted in 1986 to establish theprecision of the test method. Testing wasconducted under the normal atmosphericconditions of each laboratory and notnecessarily under ASTM standard condi-tions. Two op

47、erators at each of 12 labora-tories evaluated 5 fabrics in 3 replicationsby both dry and wet test method. Each of3 raters independently rated the stainedcrock squares using both the Gray Scalefor Staining and the Chromatic Transfer-ence Scale. The original data is on file atthe AATCC Technical Cente

48、r.12.1.1 The components of variance asstandard deviations of the Gray Scale forStaining or Chromatic TransferenceScale rating units are given in Table I.12.1.2 Critical differences are given inTable II.arianceDry WetGray Chromatic Gray0.200.190.170.240.310.380.250.340.54the crock peg; resurface the

49、finger by move-ment on an extra piece of fine emery cloth in amanner simulating regular use.13.7 The abrasive material currently sup-plied with the Crockmeter is “Wet or DryWaterproof Silicon Carbide, W-320-A, SoftBack.” Replacement pieces are available fromSDL Atlas L.L.C., 1813A Associate Lane,Charlotte NC 28217; tel: 704/329-0911; fax:704/329-0914; e-mail: .Table IICritical DifferencesFor the components of variance in Table I, two averages of observed v